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Canines
- 1.
- 2. - There aretwo maxillary and two mandibular canines. - They are called corner stone of the mouth (as they are placed in the mouth corners). - It has long root for good anchorage in the bone. - The middle labial lobe is well developed forming cusp and labial ridge. - The bone ridge over the labial surface of the root is called canine eminence (insure facial expression).
- 3. Chronology Appearance of thedental organ .First evidence of calcification Enamel completed Eruption Root completed 6 m.i.u 4-5 months 6-7 years 11-12 years 14-15 years
- 4. Relation The upper caninesmake contact mesially with the distal surface of the lateral incisors and distally with the mesial surface of the 1st premolar. 4 3 2 2 3 4
- 5. No. of surfaces .Ithas four surfaces and incisal aspect Labial No. of roots .It has one root Lingual Mesial Incisal Distal
- 6. Labial aspect Geometrical outlineof the crown: Trapezoid, .pentagonal -The short side cervically. -The long side incisally. :The outline Mesial outline starting from cervical lineconvex till the junction of incisal and middle thirds ( contact area). Then become .concave till cusp tip The distal outline is concave till the middlethird (the contact area) then convex to the .cusp tip .The cervical line is convex root-wards-
- 7. The distal slopeis longer than.the mesial slope :Surface anatomy -The surface is convex both mesiodistally and inciso-cervically. Elevations .Cervical ridge- .Labial ridge- .CuspDepressions .Two developmental grooves- :The root It is long, slender, conical inshape with distal curvature of .the apical 3rd
- 8. Lingual aspect It hasthe same geometrical outline.and outline as the labial surface - The mesial and distal sides of the crown and root converge lingually. ☻Surface anatomy: :The elevations .The cingulum).The marginal ridges (mesial and distal.The lingual ridge.Mesio and disto-incisal ridges- The depressions .Two lingual fossae-
- 9. Mesial aspect Geometrical outlineof the crown: Triangular in shape; the base cervically and the apex incisally. The cusp tip may be on a line that bisects the centre of the root or slightly labial to it. The outline: The labial outline is convex with the greatest convexity at cervical 1/3 ( cervical ridge). The lingual outline is convex at cervical 1/3 (cingulum). - Then straight at the middle 3rd and convex at incisal 3rd.
- 10. The cervical line concaveroot wise. Surface anatomy: The mesial surface is convex with the maximum convexity at the junction of the incisal and middle 1/3s ( the contact area). The root: The root is broad and taper to blunt.apex .It has a developmental depression-
- 11. The distal aspect Similarto the mesial aspect but differ in. - The cervical line curvature is less than mesial ( by 1 mm). -The contact area is broader and located at the middle 1/3 (more cervially). The developmental depression of.the root is more developed
- 12. Incisal aspect Labial The labio-lingualdiameter isgreater than the mesio-distal )diameter.(Diamond shape The cusp tip is slightly labialand mesial to the center of the .crown M D The distal slope is longer than.the mesial slope Lingual All elevations and depressions can be.seen from this aspect
- 13. Pulp cavity☻ Mesio-distal section► .Hasnarrow pulp chamberThe root canal is long and tapering.down to the apical foramen ►Labio-lingual section The pulp chamber is pointed.incisally
- 14. The Mandibular canine Chronology: Appearance of dental organ 6m.i.u First evident of calcification 4-5m Enamel completed 6-7y Eruption 9-10 y Root completed 12-13y
- 15. Lower canine has5 aspects: Distal Labial Lingual Mesial Incisal
- 16. :Labial aspect Differ fromMax. canine that: Narrower MD. Lab. Ling. measurement slightly less. Crown longer by 1mm. M. outline : straight. D. outline: convex. Labial Ridge not well developed. CL more symmetrically contoured. Root shorter by 1-2mm & apex more sharply pointed. D M
- 17. Geometric outline ofthe crown Facial and lingual aspects have trapezoid out line. Smallest uneven side cervically.
- 18. Facial and LingualOutlines of 3 Mesial outline is straight. Both contact areas are more incisally so the crown appeared longer and thinner than 3 Cusp tip is less pointed
- 19. Contact areas Mesial C.A.: DistalC.A. *Near incisal angle in More cervically. Than mesial one, but more incisal than that of upper 3
- 20. The root •The mesialand distal outline of the root tapered to a sharply pointed distally curved apex
- 21. .Surface anatomy ofthe crown and root Labial aspect Elevations: cervical ridge. •There is prominent ridge runs from the tip of the cusp toward the cervical margin (Labial ridge). Depressions: Shallow longitudinal depressions lie mesial and distal to the labial ridge.
- 22. Lingual aspect lingual convergence Elevations: •Marginalridges, cingulum, •Prominent lingual ridge that extend from the cusp tip till the cingulum in 3 while in 3 it’s restricted to the incisal third. Depressions: Lingual fossa that is divided into two fossae in 3 but still one in 3. Note: •The elevations of lower canine are not well developed as the upper cingulum
- 23. Geometric outline ofthe crown Proximal aspects have triangular outline Note: the cusp tip of 3 centralized on the long axis or inclined labially. while the 3 cusp tip centralized or inclined lingually.
- 24. Mesial and distalOutlines of the crown It’s wedge in shape Labial outline is convex with the crest of curvature at the cervical third Lingual outline is convex cervically concave due to short lingual ridge then convex
- 25. :Cervical line curved incisallyhowever, this curvature is less on the distal than the mesial.
- 26. The root Lower canine: Theoutline are nearly straight from the cervical line to the middle third then tapered to a more pointed apex
- 27. Surface anatomy ofthe crown and root The crown surface is convex and smooth in both upper & lower 3. Position of contact areas vary from mesial to distal of same tooth and vary from upper to lower canine
- 28. The depression isshallower mesially than distallyof same tooth Note: the depression in lower canine may be so deep causing bifurcation in the root. The bifurcation may be apically or extend up to cervical third.
- 29. .Incisal aspect The thicknessis greater than the width. lw. 3
- 30. .Pulp cavity Pulp chamberoutline follows the outline of the crown. it has pulp horn The root canals in canines is only one. Sometimes 3 has two root canals labially and lingually. The canals open in one apical foramen or separate foramina.