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Casting tool
- 1. FOUNDRY:â Foundry orcasting is the process of producing metal/alloy component parts of desired shapes by pouring the molten metal/alloy into a prepared mould (of that shape) and then allowing the metal/alloy to cool and solidify. The solidified piece of metal/alloy is known as a CASTINGâ.
- 2. INTRODUCTION OF TOOLS ďThere are large number of tools and equipments used in foundry shop for carrying out different operations such as sand preparation, molding, melting, pouring and casting. ď They can be broadly classified as hand tools, sand conditioning tool, flasks, power operated equipments,metal melting equipments and fettling and finishing equipments. ď Different kinds of hand tools are used by molder in mold making operations.
- 3. LIST OF TOOLS ď1. Hand riddle ď 2. Shovel ď 3. Rammers A. Hand rammer B. Peen rammer C. Floor rammer D. Pneumatic ď 4. Sprue pin ď 5. Strike off bar ď 6. Mallet ď 7. Draw spike ď 8. Vent roD ď 9. Lifters ď 10. Trowels ď 11. Slicks ď 12. Smoothers ď 13. Swab ď 14. Spirit level ď 15. Gate cutter ď 16. Gaggers ď 17. Bellows ď 18. Clamps, cotters and wedges
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- 8. SPRUE PIN ď â˘Sprue pin is shown in Fig. ď It is a tapered rod of wood or iron which is placed or pushed in cope to join mold cavity while the molding sand in the cope is being rammed. ď Later its withdrawal from cope produce a vertical hole in molding sand, called sprue through which the molten metal is poured into the mould using gating system. ď It helps to make a passage for pouring molten metal in mold through gating system.
- 9. STRIKE OFF BAR Strikeoff bar is a flat bar having straight edge and is made of wood or iron. ď It is used to strike off or remove the excess sand from the top of a molding box after completion of ramming thereby making its surface plane and smooth. ď Its one edge is made beveled and the other end is kept perfectly smooth and plane.
- 10. MALLET ď ⢠Malletis similar to a wooden hammer and is generally as used in.carpentry or sheet metal shops. ď In molding shop, it is used for driving the draw spike into the pattern and then rapping it for separation from the mould surfaces so that pattern can be easily withdrawn leaving the mold cavity without damaging the mold surfaces.
- 11. DRAW SPIKE ď Drawspike is shown. ď It is a tapered steel rod having a loop or ring at its one end and a sharp point at the other. ď It may have screw threads on the end to engage metal pattern for it withdrawal from the mold. ď It is used for driven into pattern which is embedded in the molding sand and raps the pattern to get separated from the pattern and finally draws out it from the mold cavity.
- 12. VENT ROD ď Ventrod is shown in. ď It is a thin spiked steel rod or wire carrying a pointed edge at one end and a wooden handle or a bent loop at the other. ď After ramming and striking off the excess sand it is utilized to pierce series of small holes in the molding sand in the cope portion. ď The series of pierced small holes are called vents holes which allow the exit or escape of steam and gases during pouring mold and solidifying of the molten metal for getting asound casting.
- 13. LIFTERS ď Lifters areshown in FIG. ď They are also known as cleaners or ď finishing tool which are made of thin sections of steel of various length and width with one end bent at right angle. ď They are used for cleaning, repairing and finishing the bottom and sides of deep and narrow openings in mold cavity after withdrawal of pattern. ď They are also used for removing loose sand from mold cavity.
- 14. TROVELS ď Trowels areshown in Fig. 11.1(l, m and n). ď They are utilized for finishing flat surfaces and joints and partings lines of the mold. ď They consist of metal blade made of iron and are equipped with a wooden handle. ď The common metal blade shapes of trowels may be pointed or contoured or rectangular oriented. The trowels are basically employed for smoothing or slicking the surfaces of molds. ď They may also be used to cut in-gates and repair the mold surfaces.
- 15. SLICKS ď Slicks areshown in Fig. 11.1(o, p, q, and r). ď They are also recognized as small double ended mold finishing tool which are generally used for repairing and finishing the mold surfaces and their edges after withdrawal of the pattern. ď The commonly used slicks are of the types of heart and leaf, square and heart, spoon and bead and heart and spoon. ď The nomenclatures of the slicks are largely due to their shapes.
- 16. SMOTHERS Smothers are shownin FIG. According to their use and shape they are given different names. They are also known as finishing tools which are commonly used for repairing and finishing flat and round surfaces, round or square corners and edges of molds.
- 17. SWAB ď Swab isshown in Fig.I ď t is a small hemp fiber brush used for moistening the edges of sand mould, which are in contact with the pattern surface before withdrawing the pattern. It is used for sweeping away the molding sand from the mold surface and pattern. It is also used for coating the liquid blacking on the mold faces in dry sand molds.
- 18. GATE CUTTER Gate cutteris a small shaped piece of sheet metal commonly used to cut runners and feeding gates for connecting sprue hole with the mold cavity.
- 19. BELLOWS ď Bellows gunis shown in Fig. ď It is hand operated leather made device equipped with compressed air jet to blow or pump air when operated. ď It is used to blow away the loose or unwanted sand from the surfaces of mold cavities.
- 20. CLAMPS, COTTERS ANDWEDGES ď They are made of steel and are used for clamping the molding boxes firmly together during pouring.
- 21. GAGGERS ď ⢠Gaggersare pieces of wires or rods bent at one or both ends which are used for reinforcing the downward projecting sand mass in the cope are known as gaggers.
- 22. SPIRIT LEVEL ď Spiritlevel is used by molder to check whether the sand bed or molding box is horizontal or not.