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Cell Division And Reproduction
Cell division is the process where a cell divides into two daughter cells. There are two main types of cell division: binary fission in prokaryotes and mitosis in eukaryotes. Mitosis involves copying the cell's DNA during interphase, condensing and aligning chromosomes during prophase and metaphase, separating sister chromatids during anaphase, and dividing the cell into two daughter cells during telophase and cytokinesis. The goal of cell division is to replace old or damaged cells and allow for growth.
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Introduction to cell division and reproduction as fundamental biological processes.
Cell division is the process where a parent cell divides to produce daughter cells, ensuring genomic integrity.
Binary fission in prokaryotic cells involves three steps: DNA copy, separation, and cell division.
Before cell division, DNA is structured into chromosomes; chromatids are the identical chromosome halves.
Mitosis is eukaryotic cell division where DNA is copied to create two daughter cells.
Mitosis is crucial for creating new cells, replacing damaged cells, and growth.
Mitosis consists of distinct phases: Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
Interphase includes cell replication and a resting phase, preparing for cell division.
During prophase, DNA condenses into chromosomes, and spindle fibers begin forming.
In metaphase, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, and spindle fibers attach to centromeres.
Anaphase is where spindle fibers pull chromosomes apart, separating sister chromatids.
Telophase involves nuclear membrane reformation and unwinding of chromatids as the cell begins division.
Cytokinesis is the final stage where the cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
A recommended interactive website for learning more about mitosis.
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Cell Division And Reproduction
- 1. Cell Division andReproduction
- 2. Cell Division Theprocess in which a cell, called a parent cell divides and produces new cells, called daughter cells. The primary concern of cell division is the maintenance of the original cell's Genome (genes).
- 3. Binary Fission Prokaryoticcells use the process of Binary Fission. There are only three steps in this process 1: Copy DNA 2: Separate DNA 3: Divide Cell Each new cell receives an identical copy of genes.
- 4. Organization of DNABefore replication DNA is organized into Chromosomes. Chromatid - one of the two identical parts of the chromosome. Called “sisters”. Centromere - Point of attachment.
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- 7. Mitosis The processin which a cell copies it’s DNA and divides to create two new daughter cells. Also called Eukaryotic cell division. Why perform Mitosis? When is it used? To create new cells To replace damaged or old cells Growth
- 8. The phases ofMitosis IPMAT Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
- 9. Interphase The normalcell life cycle includes periods of replication and a resting stage. The cell prepares for division by replicating DNA.
- 10. Prophase The firstphase of actual mitosis. DNA condenses into chromosomes from chromatin. Centrosomes start assembling microtubules, these are called spindle fibers.
- 11. Metaphase Chromosomes lineup along the metaphase plate. The spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.
- 12. Anaphase Spindle fibersbegin to pull chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell. In the process, the chromosomes are ripped apart, separating the sisters.
- 13. Telophase Clean upphase. Nuclear membranes begin to reform. Chromatids unwind. Cell begins to divide in two.
- 14. Cytokinesis The finalstage in the mitotic cycle. It is when the cell splits in two. All organelles are equally distributed between the two daughters. Finally two new identical cells are created.
- 15. Cells Alive MitosisInteractive Website