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Ch 23
- 1. Ch 23 SectionI The Earth
- 2.
- 3. Earth is nowknown to be a round 3-dimensional sphere
- 4. Axis – imaginaryvertical line around which earth spins
- 5. Rotation – thespinning of Earth around its axis that causes day and night
- 6. Earth has amagnetic field with north and south poles
- 7. Cause of seasonsRevolution – Earth’s yearly orbit around the sun
- 8. Earth’s orbit isan ellipse. or elongated, closed curve
- 9. Because the Sunis not centered in the ellipse, the distance between Earth and the Sun changes during the year
- 10. Earth’s tilt causesthe seasons
- 11. The hemisphere tiltedtoward the Sun receives more daylight
- 12. The longer periodof sunlight is one reason summer is warmer than winter.
- 13. Earth’s tilt causesthe Sun’s radiation to strike the hemisphere at different angles
- 14. The hemisphere tiltedtoward the Sun receives more total solar radiation than the hemisphere tilted away from the sun
- 15. Solstice the daywhen the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator Summer solstice occurs June 21 or 22 in the northern hemisphere Winter solstice occurs December 21 or 22 in the northern hemisphere
- 16. Equinox the daywhen the sun is directly over Earth’s equator Daytime and nighttime hours are equal all over the world
- 17. Spring equinox occurson March 20 or 21 in the northern hemisphere Fall / Autumnal equinox occurs on September 22 or 23 in the northern hemisphere
- 18. Motions of themoon The moon rotates on its axis The moon’s rotation takes 27.3 days with the same side always facing the Earth The moon seems to shine because it reflects sunlight
- 19. Moon Phases –the different forms the Moon takes in its appearance from Earth
- 20. New Moon –when the moon is between earth and the sun and cannot be seen
- 21. Waxing phases moreof the illuminated half of the moon that can be seen each night after the new moon
- 22. First visible thinslice of the moon is a waxing crescent
- 23. First quarter phase– half the lighted side of the moon is visible Waxing gibbous – more than one quarter is visible
- 24. All of theMoon’s lighter side is visible during a full moon
- 25. Waning phases –less of the illuminated half of the Moon is visible after the full moon.
- 26. Waning gibbous –starts after a full moon where more than half of the lighted side is still visible. Only half the Moon’s lighted side is visible during the third quarter phase
- 27. The last visibleslice before a new moon is called the waning crescent
- 28. Eclipses – whenthe Earth or the moon casts a shadow on the other
- 29. Solar Eclipse themoon moves directly between the Earth and the Sun, shadowing part of the Earth
- 30. A total solareclipse is visible only on a small area of Earth
- 31.
- 32. Lunar Eclipse –when Earth’s shadow falls on the moon
- 33.
- 34. The Moon’s surfacehas many depressions, or craters. formed from meteorites, asteroids, and comets
- 35.
- 36. Cracks in theMoon’s crust caused lava to fill large craters, forming maria, or dark, flat areas
- 37. Data from moonquakessuggest that under the Moon’s crust might lie a solid mantle, then a partly molten mantle and a solid, iron rich, core.
- 38. Impact Theory ofMoon Origin the Moon formed4.6 billion years ago from Earth material thrown off when a large object collided with Earth
- 39. Impact Basins orcraters, are depressions left by objects striking the Moon (or anything else!!!!!)
- 40. Quiz concepts AXIS ROTATION REVOLUTION ELLIPSE MAGNETIC FIELD EARTH TILT SEASONS ANGLE OF SUNLIGHT SOLSTICE EQUINOX WAXING PHASES WANING PHASES MOON PHASES