Ch 4 Skin Problems

Ch 4 Skin Problems

• 1.
  Skin Problems Ch4 Integument System Warning: Graphic Pictures
• 2.
  Skin Problems –infections, allergies, or damages 1. Athlete’s Foot – mostly from fungal infection
• 3.
  1. Boils &Carbuncles Bacterial infection & inflammation of hair follicle. Boil = 1 Carbuncle = several connected boils
• 4.
  2. Black &Whiteheads Blackheads - oil and dead skin cells trapped in a oil pore, makeup Whiteheads - flesh-or white-colored bumps due to skin pore blockage; blockage is deeper than blackhead (covered w/epithelium)
• 5.
  3. Cold SoresCaused by Herpes simplex virus I Common, contagious, incurable
• 6.
  4. Contact DermatitisInflammatory response – red, itchy rash Non-contagious Chronic – long term, reoccuring Caused by contact with allergens or irritants, exposure to sunlight, or by poor circulation, even stress.
• 7.
  5. Impetigo Crustingskin infection Caused by staph and strep germs Pus filled blisters Highly contagious
• 8.
  6. Psoriasis Chronic– arms, knees, elbows, scalp Red patches covered with white scales Unknown cause; some think autoimmune disorder Triggered by trauma, infection, stress
• 9.
  7. Cyanosis Blueskin, membranes, and/or nails Due to reduced oxygen in blood
• 10.
  8. Burns Tissuedamage and cell death caused by heat, electricity, UV radiation, or chemicals Associated dangers - Dehydration - Electrolyte imbalance - Circulatory shock
• 11.
  Rules of NinesWay to determine the extent of burns Body is divided into 11 areas for quick estimate Each area represents ~ 9%
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• 13.
  Burns are CRITICALif… Over 25% of body has 2 nd degree Over 10% has 3 rd degree 3 rd degree burns on face, hands, and/or feet Scald Burn Heat Burn Chemical Electrical Sunburn Contact Burn Inhale Burn  
• 14.
  9. Skin CancerAbnormal cell mass Two types 1. Benign -does not spread (encapsulated) 2. Malignant -Metastasized (moves) to other parts of body Skin cancer is most common type of cancer.
• 15.
  3 types ofMalignant Skin Cancer A. Basal cell carcinoma - least malignant - Most common Arises from stratum basale B. Squamous Cell Carcinoma -arises from stratum spinosum Metastasizes to lymph nodes Early removal allows a good chance of cure
• 16.
  C. Malignant MelanomaMost deadly Cancer of melanocytes Metastasizes rapidly to lymph & blood vessels Detection uses ABCD rule.
• 17.
  ABCD Rule A = Asymmetry Two sides of pigmented mole do not match B = Border irregularity Borders of mole are not smooth C = Color Different colors in pigmented area D = Diameter Spot is larger then 6 mm in diameter