Ch 5 - What causes greater diversity in SG today?

Ch 5 - What causes greater diversity in SG today?

• 1.
  Why Is There GreaterDiversity in Singapore Now? Issue 2: Chapter 5
• 2.
  Objectives  To learnthe factors that contribute to movement of people and ideas across countries Which has lead to greater diversity in Singapore
• 3.
  2 main overarchingquestions that we should consider: Why is there a need for more foreigners to work and live in Singapore? Why do more foreigners want to come to Singapore?
• 4.
  FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTETO GREATER DIVERSITY IN SG: 1.Immigration Policy 2.Economic Opportunities 3.Socio-Cultural Environment
• 5.
  FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTETO GREATER DIVERSITY IN SG: 1.Immigration Policy (TB pg.135) 2.Economic Opportunities 3.Socio-Cultural Environment
• 6.
  1. IMMIGRATION POLICY(TB pg.135)  Inflow of migrants and immigrants have increased due to immigration policies Migrants – foreigners temporarily live and work in Singapore Immigrants – foreigners permanently move to live and work in Singapore Permanent Residents and New Citizens
• 7.
  Past  1970s: Needto set up labour–intensive industries to build SG’s economy  Hired foreign workers (e.g. at construction sites, factories, & shipyards)  They were not allowed to stay & start familes in SG  1980s: Declining population + Brain drain  Educated professionals moved away from SG (as easier to work overseas) 1. IMMIGRATION POLICY (TB pg.135)
• 8.
  Now (1990s-present)  Needfor higher-skilled foreign workforce for knowledge based economy -  E.g. Research & Development (R&D); researchers  E.g. Engineering; electronics; petrochemicals 1. IMMIGRATION POLICY (TB pg.137)
• 9.
  Now (1990s-present)  Needto increase population size due to – Low birth rates From 2020, decline in no. of working-age citizens From 2025, decline in overall citizen population Why is aging population a problem? Ageing population Why is aging population a problem? 1. IMMIGRATION POLICY (TB pg.137)
• 10.
   Ageing population Declining age- dependency ratio 1. IMMIGRATION POLICY (TB pg.137)
• 11.
  Why has theincreased influx of foreigners led to diversity in SG? [LINK] Diversity in SG increases because Migrants and immigrants bring their cultures, practices and customs. Skills, valuable experiences and business networks to contribute ideas and expertise to Singapore’s economy. 1. IMMIGRATION POLICY
• 12.
  FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTETO GREATER DIVERSITY IN SG: 1.Immigration Policy 2.Economic Opportunities (TB pg.139) 3.Socio-Cultural Environment
• 13.
  2. ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES(TB pg.139) In SG, employment opportunities are readily available due to the large number of businesses that operate here. Large number of businesses and investors, especially MNCs want to invest in Singapore  Easiest place to do business  Growth potential  Stable political environment  Low level of corruption  Efficiency  Well-established judiciary system (fairness)
• 14.
  Types of foreignersworking here in SG:  Foreign manpower/labour  For construction/Marine jobs – low-skilled work that support high- skilled professionals  Usually from ASEAN member countries (e.g. India, Bangladesh, China)  Domestic workers  To support families with elderly and children, allow Singaporeans who are primary care-giver to re-enter/remain in the workforce  Foreign PMETs/professionals  Ensure economy remains vibrant/ competitive  Usually take up senior positions (e.g. in banking/finance/university)  Usually come from Asia, USA and Europe 2. ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES (TB pg.142)
• 15.
  Why has theincrease in economic opportunity led to greater diversity? (LINK) More diversity because  Increase in both higher-skilled and lower- skilled workers coming to work in SG.  Highly-skilled workers raise the incomes of top tier income earners while lower-skilled workers keep wages at the bottom tiers low.  Widen income gap and hence, increase in socio-economic diversity in SG. 2. ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES (TB pg.142) Help SG attract foreign talent Help SG remain attractive to foreign companies
• 16.
  FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTETO GREATER DIVERSITY IN SG: 1.Immigration Policy 2.Economic Opportunities 3.Socio-Cultural Environment (TB pg.144)
• 17.
  3. SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT(TB pg. 144) Professionals attracted to work here and settle down with their families here in SG. Key features of SG’s socio-cultural environment that caused foreigners to settle in SG: Community support Safe environment Education system
• 18.
  3.1 Community support(TB pg. 148) Presence of different ethnic/immigrant communities in SG:  Help foreigners feel more at home and settle down  These communities usually gather in certain districts  strengthen ties Thai community @ Golden Mile Complex (pg. 149) Japanese community @ Liang Court & Clarke Quay (pg.150) Korean community @ Bukit Timah (pg.151) 3. SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
• 19.
   Immigrant communitiesbring with them their national identities, including ethnic practices unique to their countries of origin.  When there are more foreigners and their community groups in Singapore, they can influence and add on to the diversity of cuisines, language, culture and beliefs present in Singapore. 3. SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT How has immigrant communities added to diversity in SG? [LINK]
• 20.
  3.2 Safe environment(TB pg. 152) Why come and live in SG?  Social order  Security  Low crime rates  Absence of corruption  Strong rule of law  “Peace and prosperity” 3. SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
• 21.
  3.3 Education system(TB pg. 153) Why study in SG?  Quality, well-recognised education system  Admired for its effective and high standards  Many Primary/Sec schools & JCs accept international students  Schools offer high standard of certification and a wide array of courses 3. SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
• 22.
  How does theinflux of international students add to diversity in SG? [LINK] When more foreign students study in SG, They are able to share their experiences and learning with their fellow students and this adds to the diversity in schools 3. SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT