Chapter 1

Chapter 1

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  CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Backgroundof the Research Language is a mean of communication among human beings. One of standard definition of language, it is stated that a language is a system of arbitrary conventionalized vocal symbol, written or gestural symbol that enables member of given community to communicate intelligibly with one another.1 Based on the definition, it can be said that the function of language is for communication, and it is very crucial in our life. Because of people communicate with other people in many sequences, such as giving an argument, persuading, or promising, and expressing their feeling to others. By this way, people can fulfill their daily need and can be survived in their life better. As Human we are taught to speak using language. Allah decrees in the holy Kuran Surah Ar-Rahman: 3-4 as follows:      2 3. He has created man. 4. He has taught him speech (And Intelligence) From the verses above, is written that Allah teaches human in order to use language as means of communication whether is spoken or in written. Allah teaches human because mankind in the earth is generations after generation. As an international language, English is used people to communicate in the world. By mastering English, it will be easy to people in get information and cooperate with each other. By learning English, people can communicate to other people around the world because English is the number one international language and has been taught from the elementary school, the junior high school and the senior high school and even some semesters at college level. The main objective of English teaching and learning involves some components’: grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation, with the four basic competence skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. English is not the first language, some of Indonesian students feel that English is difficult to be learnt. In addition, they face some problems 1 H. Douglas Brown, Principles of Language Learning and Teaching, (New York: Addison Wesley Longman. Inc.,2000), 4th Ed., p.5. 2 A. Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’an (Text, Translation and Commentary), (Jakarta : Al Rajhi Company 2002), p. 1472.
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  when they wantto master it. The problems come from inside (their selves/their motivation) and outside (the materials the school, the family’s support, etc.). In other hand, English teachers commonly also face problems when they teach English. For example when they want to get maximum result as the time limited, English teachers have to try hard to pay attention on developing their own mastery of English, their students’ linguistic competence and the best method of teaching English which appropriate with their students’ condition. Because as human we must effort in order to overcome these problems because there is no reason for us to stop learning something in our life, in this case is language, and people have to use their ability to learn language. The choosing of certain method and medium used in class should be suited with the goal of teaching and learning process based on the curriculum also, as the right method will result the better achievement. In other condition, curriculum used by most school is Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP) or School Level Based Curriculum in which the basic language skill are taught and trained intensively based on genres and functional speeches. Functional stage is hoped that students can use their language for their daily activity and fulfill their need. This study specifically will focus on teaching and speaking of advertisement by using advertisement video. Advertisement is a notice or display that is used to persuade people to buy some products.3 The understanding of advertisement text includes four skill; Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing skill. Speaking is the most difficult skill because it needs a habit. Speaking is an important skill in English language in conducting communication, so that, the students, should learn it well and the teacher should find suitable technique and media to draw students interest to create spirit atmosphere in teaching speaking. Media is thing that can be manipulated, can be seen, can be heard, can be read and can be talked with instrument which is used well in teaching learning process, and can influence effectiveness of instructional program.4 It can conclude that media is very needed in teaching and learning language. Learning speaking at senior high school can be done with many medium to help students in speaking skill such as pictures, cards pepper sheet etc. The researcher chooses advertisement video to teach speaking of advertisement, because with showing 3 http://e-englishlab.blogspot.com/2011/01/short-functional-text-advertisement.html, retrieved on 31 March 2012 4 Oxford University, Oxford Learner’s Pocket Dictionary, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), 3rd Ed, p. 268.
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  advertisement video thestudents will be easier to express their ideas of course they will practicing to a good advertiser. Speaking of advertisement text has a purpose students can be a good advertiser by advertise certain product, using their gesture and facial expression, so it will be comprehensible. Sometimes, students has an idea in their mind, but difficult to express orally. This problem is also happened in SMA N 1 Pegandon Kendal. Low motivation of students, the use of monotonous medium in teaching and learning process, the environment is also not bilingual school, and many other problems that have been wrote in above are the reasons of this condition. It is the reasons why the researcher will conduct this research. In this research, the researcher will try new media to teach speaking of advertisement. The medium are advertisements video. Using video in language learning process has some advantages. This activity will influence their motivation in learning language speaking, especially in speaking of advertisement. Considering the above matter, the researcher is interested conducting an experiment research on the teaching of speaking in advertisement using advertisement video. And the researcher hopes with the advertisement video can help student in express their idea in practicing speaking be an advertiser. From this new medium, the researcher wants to know the result of teaching speaking using advertisement video. B. Reasons For Choosing the Topic The writer chooses this topic because of some reasons, there are : a. Speaking is the first skill which must be mastered by students, it can help us to share our idea, giving and asking opinion and also giving a service. b. Advertisement is kind of short functional text that focus on persuade people to buy a product or use a service, or that gives information about a job that is available, an event that is going to happen. c. Advertisement video is the most effective media for teaching speaking of advertisement, it can make students interested in studying English by designing the learning process so that the students more active and enjoyment. Finally the students can get the good achievement.
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  C. Research Question Theproblem will be investigated in this study is : 1. How is the effectiveness of advertisement video as an audio-visual medium in teaching advertisement speaking with the eleventh grade students of SMA N 1 Pegandon Kendal in the 2011-2012 Academic Year ? D. Objective Of The Study To find out the effectiveness of using advertisement video to teach students practice of speaking of advertisement with the eleventh grade of SMA N 1 Pegandon Kendal 2011-2012 in the Academic Year. E. Limitation Of The Study The limitation of the study in this final project is the students’ can perform speaking be an advertiser to advertise a certain product. In this research, the researcher uses advertisement video to teach students’ understanding. Here, advertisement video is used in learning process to teach speaking of advertisement itself . F. Pedagogical Significance The result of this study will give benefits for students, lectures, readers and writer, Here for more explanation : a. Students • Give students way how to be a good advertiser in fun learning atmosphere. • To improve students’ motivation in learning English. b. Lecturer • This study may describe a different way in teaching speaking. c. Teacher • The result of this study will be a kind of reflection for teachers who frequently use monotonous media in teaching-learning activity. d. Readers
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  • This studywill give important information for readers . By reading this research , they will compose new way in teaching speaking. G. Literature Review In this chapter ,the writer will discusses some related topic in order to build comprehension frame of thinking of this research . The related topics to be discusses are : 1. Effectiveness The world effectiveness is noun from the word effective. The word effective is sometimes used in a quantitative way, "being very or not much effective". Effectiveness: producing the result that is wanted or intended. 2. Medium Medium is plural media. The meaning of media is something which is used for a particular person.5 3. Audio- Visual Media Audio- Visual Media is a media that would captivate visual sense eyes and uses also sound and voice. For example: Movie, video, television, etc. 4. Speaking Speaking is say things or express opinions, feeling, ideas, etc.6 5. Advertisement 5 Oxford, Oxford Pocket Learner’s Dictionary, (New York: Oxford University Press), p. 443. 6 Oxford , Oxford Pocket Learner’s Dictionary, (New York: Oxford University Press), p. 414.
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  Advertisement is anotice or display that is used to persuade people to buy some products. Every day we can find a lot of advertisement that appears around us, such as in TV, radio, internet, magazine, newspaper or along the road.7 6. Experimental research Experimental research which its purpose is to search or compare the certain treatment toward other within controlled condition.8 7 http://e-englishlab.blogspot.com/2011/01/short-functional-text-advertisement.html, retrieved on 31 March 2012 8 Sugiyono, Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan, (Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D), (Bandung: Alfabeta, 2007), 3rd Ed, p. 107.
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  CH