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Chapter II- PRE- SPANISH PERIOD.pptx
- 1. CHAPTER II CHAPTER 2THE PRE-SPANISH PERIOD
- 2. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND • Longbefore the Spaniards and other foreigners landed on Philippine shores, our forefathers already had their own literature stamped in the history of our race. • Our ancient literature shows our customs and traditions in everyday life as trace in our folk stories, old plays and short stories. • Our ancestors also had their own alphabet which was different from that brought by the Spaniards. The first alphabet used by our ancestors was similar to that of the Malayo-Polynesian alphabet.
- 3. • Whatever recordour ancestors left were either burned by the Spanish friars in the belief that they were works of the devil or were written on materials that easily perished, like the barks of trees, dried leaves and bamboo cylinders which could not have remained undestroyed even if efforts were made to preserve them. • Other records that remained showed folk songs that proved existence of a native culture truly our own. Some of these were passed on by word of mouth till they reached the hands of some publishers or printers who took interest in printing the manuscripts of the ancient Filipinos. • The Spaniards who came to the Philippines tried to prove that our ancestors were really fond of poetry, songs, stories, riddles and proverbs which we still enjoy today and which serve to show to generations the true culture of our people.
- 4.
- 5. A. LEGENDS • Legendsare a form of prose the common theme of which is about the origin of a thing, place, location or name. The events are imaginary, devoid of truth and unbelievable. Old Filipino customs are reflected in these legends. Its aim is to entertain. Here is an example of a legend is THE LEGEND OF THE TAGALOGS.
- 6. “THE LEGEND OFTHE TAGALOGS In a certain wide region of Luzon, there was a village frequented by young men. This town was full of trees, beautiful flowers and a river where clear waters flow. What attracted the young men more than the scenery was a beautiful nymph-like maiden
- 7. The maiden wasMaria and she had lots of suitors who came from afar and who fought for her hand. But Maria remained unconcerned and very choosy. Because she was kind, her suitors remained undaunted so Maria thought of a plan. She called all the young men together and told them, “You are all good and kind and it is difficult to choose among you. Let me decide with a test.” “I’ll marry the man who can bring me a big, live and strong serpent,” Maria said in jest. The young men were dumbfounded. After a while, the voice of Ilog broke the silence. “I promise to bring you one, Maria. Even if I have to risk my life, I’ll bring what you wish.” Ilog was a man known for his bravery. He left immediately to fulfill his promise
- 8. The men whisperedamong themselves. They were sure that Ilog will never be able to return. They waited for a long while but Ilog had not returned. Even Maria was saddened because she also grieved the loss of a man as brave and accommodating as Ilog. After many hours, Ilog returned. They crowded to see how Ilog prove his bravery. Ilog held a big snake by its nape and tail. While the men were thus occupied, two Spaniards passed by. Their attention was caught not by what Ilog held a big snake by its nape and tail. “Maria”, heroically called Ilog. I’ve brought you the serpent you wished for. What else do you want me to do to make you happy?” “Cut it up!” shouted Maria
- 9. The Spaniards werestartled. They asked the people around where they were and in what place they were in but nobody paid attention for their attention was focused on the snake and on Maria.” When Maria saw that the snake was still struggling, she shouted. “Taga, Ilog! Taga Ilog!” (Cut Ilog, Cut Ilog!) which she addressed to Ilog so he would cut the snake up again. The two Spaniards, thinking that this was in answer to their question repeated the words TAGAILOG, TAGAILOG which later became TAGALOG
- 10. B. FOLK TALES •Folk tales are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror and humor where one can derive lessons about life. These are useful to us because they help us appreciate our environment, evaluate our personalities and improve our perspectives in life. An example of this is THE MOON AND THE SUN.
- 11. THE SUN ANDTHE MOON FILIPINO FOLKTALE Once upon a time the Sun and the Moon were married, and they had many children who were the stars. The Sun was very fond of his children, but whenever he tried to embrace any of them, he was so hot that he burned them up. This made the Moon so angry that finally she forbade him to touch them again, and he was greatly grieved.
- 12. One day theMoon went down to the spring to do some washing, and when she left she told the Sun that he must not touch any of their children in her absence. When she returned, however, she found that he had disobeyed her, and several of the children had perished. She was very angry, and picked up a banana tree to strike him, whereupon he threw sand in her face, and to this day you can see the dark marks on the face of the Moon. Then the Sun started to chase her, and they have been going ever since. Sometimes he gets so near that he almost catches her, but she escapes, and by and by she is far ahead again.
- 13. C. THE EPICAGE • Epics are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length. Nobody can determine which epics are the oldest because in their translations from other languages, even in English and Spanish. We can only determine their origins from the time mentioned in the said epics. • Aside from the aforementioned epics, there are still other epics that can be read and studied like the following epics.
- 14. EXAMPLES OF EPICIN THE PHILIPPINE LITERATURE a. Bidasari-Moro epic b. Biag ni Lam-ang-Ilokano epic c. Maragtas-Visayan epic d. Haraya-Visayan epic e. Lagda-Visayan epic f. Hari sa Bukid-Visayan epic g. Kumintang-Tagalog epic h. Parang Sabir-Moro epic i. “Dagoy” at “Sudsod”-Tagbanua epic j. Tatuaang-Bagobo epic k. Indarapatra at Sulayman l. Bantugan m. Daramoke-A-Babay – Moro epic in “Darangan”
- 15. D. FOLK SONGS •one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre- Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture. Many of these have 12 syllables. Here are the examples: • a. Kundiman • b. Kumintang o Tagumpay • c. Ang Dalit o Imno • d. Ang Oyayi o Hele • e. Diona • f. Soliranin • g. Talindaw
- 19. OTHER FORMS OFPRE- SPANISH POETRY
- 20. 1. EPIGRAMS (SALAWIKAIN) •These have been customarily used and served as laws or rules on good behavior by our ancestors. To others, these are like allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young.
- 21. 1.Madali ang magingtao, mahirap magpakatao. 2.Magsama-sama at malakas, magwatak-watak at babagsak. 3.Kung ano ang puno, siya ang bunga. 4.Kung walang tiyaga, walang nilaga. 5.Ang taong nagigipit, sa patalim kumakapit.
- 22. 2. RIDDLES (BUGTONG)OR PALAISIPAN •These are made up of one or more measured lines with rhyme and may consist of four to 12 syllables.
- 23.
- 24. •Lugar sa bahayna kakikitaan ng lahat ng bagay sa kapaligiran, lagus- lagusan ang hanging amihan, matitingala ka rito ng kalahatan
- 25.
- 26. •Hayop na mataba, Mamutuk-mutokang damit na pangluksa
- 27.
- 28. •Walang ulo, walangmata, May bibig na laging umaariba, At isang tenga na bubuka-buka
- 29.
- 30. •May dila ngangunit ayaw naman magsalita, kambal sila’t laging kasama ang isa’t-isa, itali o igapos kahit higpitan mo pa, tiyak silang sa iyo ay sasama
- 31.
- 32. •Dalawang magkaibigan, maytalim ang tiyan, matagal ng nagkakagatan di pa nagkakasakitan
- 33.
- 34. •Sanga-sanga, buku-buko, Nagbubulaklak aydi nagbubuko, Naglalaman walang buto
- 35.
- 36. •Pritong saging sakalan, Lumutong pagkat dinamitan
- 37.
- 38. •Bugtong kong sapin-sapin, naka-sabit,naka-bitin, araw kung bilangin, isang taon kung tapusin
- 39.
- 40. •Ang katawan aybala, ang bituka ay paminta
- 41.
- 42. Ikaw ang magnanakawng Bigas ko, Lumuwa sana ang mga mata mo, Mamaga sana ang katawan mo, Patayin ka ng mga Anito. You stole my rice, May your eye bulge, And your body swell, Be killed by the Anitos(gods) 3. CHANT (BULONG). USED IN WITCHCRAFT OR ENCHANTMENT.
- 43. 4. MAXIMS. • Someare rhyming couplets with verses of 5, 6 or 8 syllables, each line having the same number of syllables. a short, easily remembered expression of a basic principle, general truth or rule of conduct. PAG DI UKOL, DI BUBUKOL SA MARUNONG UMUNAWA SUKAT ANG ILANG SALITA
- 44. 5. SAYINGS (KASABIHAN). •Oftenused in teasing or to comment on a person’s actuations. “News has wings, while the ground has ears.” “If someone throws a rock at you, throw him bread.”
- 45. 1. magdilang-anghel (magkatotooang sinabi) 2. balitang kutsero (balitang hindi totoo; fake news) 3. ilaw ng tahanan (nanay o ina sa pamilya) 4. mababaw ang luha (iyakin o madaling mapaiyak) 5. nakalutang sa ulap (masaya) 6. Sawikain- Ang pagpapahayag na mga ibig sabihin ng mga sawikain ay hindi komposisyunal o mahirap matumpak.