Downloaded 343 times
More Related Content
Chapter three
- 1. Chapter 3 Research MethodUsed Population and Sampling Design Research Instrument Data Gathering Procedure Statistical Treatment
- 2. Method of Research historical, descriptive or experimental explained briefly. The procedural part of the method, its appropriateness to the study, and some of its advantages should be given attention and should be well discussed.
- 3. Refer to printout WHAT IS A DESCRIPTIVE TYPE OF RESEARCH???
- 4. Characteristics of DescriptiveResearch ascertains prevailing conditions of facts in a group study gives either a qualitative or quantitative, or both, description of the general characteristics of the group or case under study What caused the prevailing conditions is not emphasized Study of conditions at different periods of time may be made and the change or progress that took place between the periods may be noted or evaluated for any value it gives. Comparisons of the characteristics of two groups or cases may be made to determine their similarities and differences. The variables or conditions studied in descriptive research are not usually controlled. It studies the different sections belonging to the same group. Studies on prevailing conditions may or can be repeated for the purposes of verification and comparison.
- 5.
- 6. Method of Research The descriptive method of research was used in this study. Descriptive method of research is a fact-finding study with adequate and accurate interpretation of findings. It describes what is. It describes with emphasis what actually exist such as current conditions, practices, situations, or any phenomena. Since the present study or investigation was concerned with the present status of the teaching of science in the high schools of Province A, the descriptive method of research was the most appropriate method to use. (This can be elaborated
- 7. Graphic Organizer forRMU Refer to print out
- 8. Method used The descriptive method of research was used in this study. Definition Descriptive method of research is a fact- finding study with adequate and accurate interpretation of findings. It describes what is. It describes with emphasis what actually exist such as current conditions, practices, situations, or any phenomena. Appropriateness Since the present study or investigation was concerned with the present status of the teaching of science in the high schools of Province A, the descriptive method of research was the most appropriate method to use. Advantages ?
- 9. Value, Importance, andAdvantages of Descriptive Research contributes much to the formulation of principles and generalizations in behavioral sciences. contributes much to the establishment of standard norms of conduct, behavior, or performance. Makes possible the prediction of the future on the basis of findings on prevailing conditions gives a better and deeper understanding of a phenomenon provides a basis for decision-making helps fashion many of the tools or instruments for quantitative research
- 10. Drafting Time 15 minutes to draft your RMU
- 11. SUBJECT OF THESTUDY (POPULATION & SAMPLING DESIGN)
- 12. Things to include Who are your respondents? Why are they the most appropriate individuals for your research study? What sampling did you use to obtain these respondents?
- 13. The Sampling Design What the researcher has to do here is to write about the complete procedure s/he used in determining his sample. a. The size of the population b. The study population c. The margin of error and the proportion of the study population used d. The type of technique of sampling used e. The actual computation of the sample f. The sample
- 14. General Types ofSampling Probability Sampling. The sample is a proportion of the population (selected by means of some systematic way in which every element of population has a chance of being included in the sample.) Non-probability Sampling. The sample is not a proportion of the population and there is no system in selecting the sample. The selection depends on the situation.
- 15. Types of Non-ProbabilitySampling Accidental Sampling. There is no system of selection but only those whom the researcher or interviewer meet by chance are included in the sample. Quota Sampling. Specified numbers of persons of certain types are included in the sample. Convenience Sampling. A process of picking out people in the most convenient and fastest way to immediately get their reaction to a certain hot and controversial issue.
- 16. Types of ProbabilitySampling Pure Random Sampling. When every one in the population is given an equal chance of being selected through lottery type of sampling. This may be used if the population has no differentiated levels, sections, or classes. Systematic Sampling. This is used when the subjects are systematically arranged (alphabetical, residential, geographical). Suppose 20% of the population is the sample size. If 100% is divided by 20%, the answer is 5. Hence every 5th name in the list is selected. Stratified Sampling. It is the process of selecting randomly, samples from the different strata of the population.
- 17. Drafting time 10 minutes
- 18.
- 19. Things to include What was the main research instrument used? Describe the research instrument? Were the questions structured or unstructured? Did you use a scale? Were the questions divided into sets? How? If you used a Likert scale, please tells us how the statements were divided?
- 20. Things to include What statement numbers correspond to the categories made? Why Likert scale?
- 21. Drafting time 10 minutes
- 22.
- 23. Things to include When was it collected? How was it distributed? What kind of method (survey) was used? Why this method? What makes you say that your respondents are qualified to answer your Survey Questionnaire?
- 24. Types of surveytechnique/approach Total population survey. The entire population is involved in the survey. Sample survey. Only a sample or portion of the population is involved in the survey. Social survey. Researches on the attitudes and behavior of different groups of people School survey. Used to gather data for and about schools and to assess educational achievement and education itself Public opinion survey. Used to gauge the reactions of people towards certains issues or persons Poll survey. Regarding voting for a certain candidate Market survey. Finds out the way that people purchase products
- 25. Types of surveytechnique/approach Evaluation survey. Evaluates the results whether they are satisfactory or not, with the end in view of making improvements Comparative survey. The results from two different groups, techniques, or procedures are compared Job Analysis survey. Provides information on the general duties and responsibilities of workers, their education, training experiences, salaries, etc. Community survey. Provides information on the various aspects of the community
- 26. Drafting time 10 minutes
- 27. Statistical Treatment ofData It helps the researcher in determining the validity and reliability of his research instruments. Statistical manipulations organize raw data systematically to make the latter appropriate for study. It is used to test the hypotheses. Statistical treatments give meaning and interpretation to data. Statistical procedures are indispensable in determining the levels of significance of vital statistical measures.
- 28. Statistical Treatment ofData: Guidelines 1. What was the formula used? 2. Why this formula? 3. Show the formula 4. How can this be the most appropriate formula for your term paper? 5. How was this formula applied in your term paper? Please illustrate
- 29. Chapter 4 Presentation, Analysisand Interpretation of Data
- 30. How to Writethe Parts? Name the table Make the table Present the data Analyze the data Interpret the data
- 31. Refer to Sample Chapter Four
- 32. Table 1 Frequency &Percentage Distribution of Respondents According to Age Age Frequency Percentage 13 7 24% 14 7 24% 15 11 38% 16 4 14% TOTAL 29 100%
- 33. PARAGRAPH SET UP Table 1 tells us that most of the male high school PRESENT students in ALXS who play Ragnarok are aged 15, registering a return of 38%. This is followed by ages 13 and 14, registering returns of 24% each. Interestingly, only 14% belong to the 16-year old bracket. This is revealing. There is a steady number of male ANALYZE ALXS high school students who play Ragnarok at ages 13 and 14. Their number increases at age 15. But dramatically drops at age 16. This tells us that the male ALXS high school students are INTERPRET most interested in playing Ragnarok at age 15, but they lose this interest the following year. It may be presumed that at age 16, the male ALXS high school students become more interested in other things such as their studies, high school graduation, and college education.