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Characteristics of Life Notes Powerpoint
- 1.
- 3. However….. What Is Life? Howdo we know what is alive and not alive? What makes things alive?
- 4. Studying Life Nonliving things(abiotic) may share some features in common with living things (biotic), but only living things show ALL of the characteristics of life.
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- 6. Studying Life An organismis any one individual living thing. There is a huge diversity of organisms on Earth.
- 7. What characteristics do all living thingshave in common? How to remember the 7 characteristics of living things…… MR GOR Hates Cheese! M: Made of cells R: Reproduce (DNA) G: Grow/Develop O: Obtain/use energy R: Respond to environment H: Homeostasis C: Change over time (evolve) Memory Helper
- 8. 1)All living thingare made of one or more cells. (1) The cell is the basic unit of life that can carry out life processes.(2) All cells come from pre-existing cells (3). These three statements compose the CELLTHEORY.
- 9. 1) Living things are….. Made ofCells Unicellular: These organisms are made up of only ONE cell o Unicellular organisms must accomplish all life activities within one cell. o Example: bacteria, amoeba Multicellular: These organisms are made up of MORE than one cell. o In multicellular organisms, cells must work together to accomplish the organism’s life processes. o Example: animals, plants
- 10. Human body has over85 different cells? Turn to your partner and list some. Single celled (unicellular) organisms make up MOST of organism on the Earth. They have everything they need to be self sufficient. In multi-cellular organisms, the cells specialize to perform specific functions.
- 12. 2 types ofcells exist on the Earth –Prokaryotic cells –Simple and small –NO nucleus –Example: Bacteria –Eukaryotic cells –Possess organelles separated by membranes –Nucleus –Examples: Plants, animals, fungi and protist
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- 14. What type of cellsmake up humans? Prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
- 15. LIVING THINGS 2) Reproduce Membersof a species must have the ability to produce new individuals, or reproduce. Reproduction is NOT essential for the survival of an individual, but IS essential for the survival of the species.
- 16. LIVING THINGS 2) Reproduce Thepurpose of reproduction is the passing of deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA). DNA is the universal code that helps to make proteins. What is heredity? The passing of the genetic code (DNA) from parent to offspring.
- 17. 2TYPESOF REPRODUCTION 1) ASEXUAL reproduction:This processof reproduction involves a single parent, and results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. Examples:
- 18. 2TYPESOF REPRODUCTION 2)SEXUAL reproduction: Atype of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism. Examples:
- 19. LIVINGTHINGS 3)Grow and Develop Turn andtalk to your partner: What is the difference between grow and develop?
- 20. LIVINGTHINGS 3)Grow and Develop Growth: changein size. Development: change in structure/function. Unicellular organisms will GROW Multicellular organisms will GROW and DEVELOP
- 21. LIVINGTHINGS 3)Grow and Develop Life cycle= the series of stages through which a living thing passes from the beginning of its life until its death.
- 22. In your notes– record a new vocabulary word & definition. Also, record any questions that you may have.
- 23. Living things: 4)Obtain and useenergy! All organisms need a source of energy (sun) for their life processes. Energy is the ability to cause an change or to do work. Metabolism is the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials. Examples: digestion, movement, reproduction, etc.
- 24. All living things fitinto one of these categories depending on which way they obtain energy. 1. Autotrophs: (producers): organisms that are able to capture energy from the sun or chemicals and convert that energy to chemical energy stored in sugar. Examples:
- 25. All living things fitinto one of these categories depending on which way they obtain energy. 2. Heterotrophs: (consumers): organisms that are obtain energy by consuming other living things Examples:
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- 27. Living things: 5) Respondto the Environment A STIMULUS is a signal to which an organism responds. Examples: a. How do you respond to light when you leave a dark room? b.How do plants respond to sunlight? c.What does a blowfish do when threatened by a predator?
- 29. 5) Respond to the Environment Read the following statements and label the events as stimulus or response. 1. Shark swims toward the direction of the smell of blood. 2. Human blushes due to embarrassing comment. 3. A bat hears the flapping wings of an insect. 4. A person jerks hand away from a hot stove. 5. A dog chases a running rabbit. Stimulus Stimulus Stimulus Stimulus Stimulus Response Response Response Response
- 30. Living things: 6) Maintain homeostasis Respondingto their environment allows living things to maintain homeostasis. Homeostasis: The ability of cells, tissues, and organisms to maintain a stable internal environment. **Homeostasis is about trying to stay the same inside, no matter what goes on outside!
- 31. How is temperature in ourbody regulated?
- 32. Organisms maintain homeostasisthrough the use of feedback mechanisms. Example: A) regulation of body temperature: When it is cold, humans _________________ When it is hot, humans _________________ WHY?? shiver sweat To keep our internal temperature about 98.60F
- 33. Other Examples ofHomeostasis: B) Regulation of blood sugar levels C) Regulation of water balance in the blood
- 34. Living things: 7)Change over time Asa group, living things evolve, or change over time. Organisms pass on traits from one generation to another by their DNA. Variations in traits are caused by mutation or changes in the DNA code. Certain variations may enhance an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce – these traits are referred to as adaptations.
- 35. 7)Change over time Adaptation: (heritablecharacteristics that increase an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in an environment)
- 36. Example of adaptation: Darwin’s Finches Beak sizefits food source
- 37. Summarizer List 3 characteristicsof life List 2 things about one of the characteristic List 2 example and the characteristics it represents MR GOR Hates Cheese!