Climate Change Adaptation with respect to Disaster Risk Reduction (Major climate change adaptation programs in the context of Bangladesh)

Climate Change Adaptation with respect to Disaster Risk Reduction (Major climate change adaptation programs in the context of Bangladesh)

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  Welcome to OurPresentation Group members: 1.Simon shimon Dibra-1363 2.Apumong Chowdhury-1362 3.Mehzabin misha-1360 4.Sayfur Rahman-1364 5.Al Mamun-1358 6.Omor Faruk-1359 7. Md. Rubel Hossain-1357
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  Course Code: 5231 CourseName: Disaster Prevention, Mitigation & Adaptation: Approaches, Strategies and Practices PRESENTATION ON DEFINE DISASTER MITIGATION. EXPLAIN THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF MITIGATION WITH APPROPRIATE EXAMPLES OF MITIGATION MEASURES IN THE CONTEXT OF BANGLADESH
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  Introduction Objective Guiding Principles Examples ofmitigation Conclusion
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  Introduction Disaster Preparedness needsto be followed by disaster mitigation, which is essential for providing long-term succor to the victims of disasters. Disaster mitigation involves measures to reduce the effects of disaster-causing phenomena. Mitigation involves all actions to reduce the impact of a disaster that can be taken prior to its occurrence, including preparedness and long-term risk reduction measures. It also includes the planning and implementation of measures to reduce the risks of human-made hazards, and the process of planning for effective response to disasters.
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  WHAT IS MITIGATION???Mitigationis the effort to reduce loss of life and property by lessening the impact of disasters. In order for mitigation to be effective we need to take action now—before the next disaster—to reduce human and financial consequences later Analyzing risk Reducing risk Insuring against risk Disasters can happen at any time and in any place and if we are not prepared, consequences can be fatal.
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  OBJECTIVES Mitigation or reductionof risk of any disaster. Capacity building including research & knowledge management. Enhance the capacity of communities of reducing their own risks and cope with the impacts of all hazards. Reduce vulnerability and exposure of communities to all hazards.
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  Mitigation includes: Reviewing buildingcodes. Vulnerability analysis updates. Zoning and land-use management and planning. Reviewing of building use regulations and safety codes. Implementing preventative health measures Political intervention and commitment Public awareness .
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  DISASTER MITIGATION: GUIDINGPRINCIPLES Following principles are widely recognized a valuable guide to disaster mitigation: 1. INITIATION 2. MANAGEMENT 3. PRIORITISATION 4. MONITORING AND EVALUATION 5. INSTITUTIONALISATION
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  Guiding Principles ofMitigation a) INITIATION (1) Disasters offer unique opportunities to introduce mitigation measures. (2) Mitigation can be introduced within the three diverse contexts of – ◦ Reconstruction ◦ New investment and ◦ Existing environment
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  Guiding Principles ofMitigation Cont. b) MANAGEMENT (1)Mitigation measures – complex, interdependent and involve widespread responsibility - needs effective leadership and co-ordination (2) Mitigation will be most effective if integrated actions. (3) “Pro-Active” mitigation measures are more effective. (4) Mitigation must not be isolated from related elements of disaster planning (preparedness, relief/response and reconstruction/recovery)
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  Guiding Principles ofMitigation Cont. c) PRIORITISATION (1) Where resources are limited, priority should be given to the protection of key social groups, critical services and vital economic sectors. d) MONITORING AND EVALUATION (1) Mitigation measures need to be continually monitored and evaluated so as to respond to changing patterns of hazards, vulnerability and resources. e) INSTITUTIONALISATION (1) Mitigation measures should be sustainable so as to resist public apathy during the long periods between major disasters. (2) Political commitment is vital to the initiation and maintenance of mitigation.
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  DISASTER MITIGATION: GUIDINGPRINCIPLES There 'are certain principles of disaster mitigation. These include: Creating awareness of risk at community level. Promoting local actions through community participation to reduce such risks. Incorporating mitigation measures in the national and regional development plans,land-use planning proposals and in project design and appraisal in hazard- prone areas. Assisting decision makers (politicians and administrators) to understand the nature and extent of various risks faced by communities, and assessing the economic effects of natural disasters on agriculture, commerce and industry. Demonstrating ways and means to reduce those risks within the limits of national,regional or socio-economic conditions through proper decision making and planning. Introducing effective measures to implement disaster mitigation plans at the different levels of government based on risk assessment and vulnerability analysis.
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  Examples of Mitigation Measures Incorporationof hazard resistance in structures or procedures to be followed in new development projects. The adoption of land-use planning and controls to restrict activities in high-risk areas. Economic diversification to allow losses in one sector to be offset by increased output in other sectors.
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  Examples of Mitigation Measures Examplesof mitigation actions are planning and zoning, floodplain protection, property acquisition and relocation, or public outreach projects. Examples of preparedness actions are installing disaster warning systems, purchasing radio communications equipment, or conducting emergency response training.
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  Examples of Mitigation Measures Strengthening buildingto render them more resistant against cyclones, floods or earthquakes.
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  Examples of MitigationMeasures  Changing crop cycles so that crops mature and are harvested before the onset of the flood or cyclone season.  Planting certain kinds or varieties of crops that are less affected by specific kinds of disaster.
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  Mitigation The examples ofinvestment in disaster mitigation in Bangladesh are: Coastal Embankment Improvement Projects Jamuna Meghna River Bank Erosion Project Meghna Dhanogoda Flood Protection, Drainage and Irrigation Project River Bank Improvement program Construction of Cyclone centers in the coastal areas of Bangladesh Community based Disaster Management Program
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  CONCLUSION Integrating disaster mitigationwith development plans. Effective communication systems. Use of latest information technology Insurance in all relevant sectors. Extensive public awareness and education campaigns particularly in rural areas. Specialist programs which may assist in the development of large-scale mitigation measures. For instance, agricultural programs which assist farmers and others in mitigation of crop losses. Legal and legislative support Greater involvement of NGOs/private sector; and Allocating separate money for disaster relief in normal budget; and a strict review of housing, drainage etc, to ensure long range solutions to the problems.