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Similar to COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY WITH PATIENT ON PROPER USE OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS part 2.pptx
COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY WITH PATIENT ON PROPER USE OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS part 2.pptx
- 1. COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY WITH PATIENTON PROPER USE OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATION- PART 2 BY- Dr. Savitha A K JUNIOR RESIDENT DEPT. OF PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS KING GEORGE’S MEDICAL COLLEGE, LUCKNOW
- 2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES At theend of session, the student must be able to: - 1. Define communication 2. Importance of good and effective communication with patient 3. Communicate with patients regarding the details of the prescription written.
- 3. 4. Effectively Communicatewith patients on the proper use of prescribed medication and devices, if applicable 5. Communicate with patients regarding storage of medicines 6. Demonstrate how to communicate effectively with a patient on proper use of prescribed medication, using a volunteer.
- 4. COMMUNICATION “A process bywhich information is exchanged , thoughts, or ideas through verbal, non-verbal, or written means, facilitating understanding between individuals or among groups through a common system of symbols, signs or behaviour”
- 5. • Communication isthe sending and receiving of information and can be one-on-one or between groups of people, and can be face-to-face or through communication devices. • Communication requires a sender, the person who initiates communication, to transfer their thoughts or encode a message.
- 6. IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATIONWITH PATIENTS • Patient Understanding • Informed Decision-Making • Building Trust • Adherence to Treatment Plans • Reducing Anxiety and Fear • Enhancing Patient Satisfaction • Effective Problem-Solving • Empathy and Emotional Support • Facilitating Follow-Up Care • Patient Education
- 7. 1.Communication with thepatient regarding Optimal Use of drug therapy The patient should be informed about the medicines prescribed and about the method of use of certain medications. • The following information should be given to each patient after writing a prescription.
- 8. Drug Information andCommunication to the Patient 1. Disease from which the patient is suffering. The nature Type Lifestyle changes if needed Prognosis should be explained to the patient.
- 9. 2. Purpose ofdrug prescribed To cure/control/provide palliation/ prophylaxis 3. Name of the drug prescribed 4. Information about the generic name, amount and expiry of the drug.
- 10. 5.How to take,when to take, to take at what interval and how long to take? • Dosage form • Dose • Dosage interval • To be taken with(out) meals etc. should be explained.
- 11. 6. Information aboutdrug expiry of a drug or formulation. • Expiry of drug means that the drug may have lost its quality or reduced potency • Thus the assumption that drugs are toxic after expiry date is not correct except for certain drugs like outdated tetracyclines • Drugs which are decomposed under hot and humid conditions such as paraldehyde (toxic), sodium nitroprusside or are oxidized such as adrenaline (lose potency).
- 12. 7.What if adose is missed? If a dose is missed, it may results in: i. Loss of efficacy acute illness ii. Resurgence in chronic illness iii. Rebound or withdrawal syndrome iv. Contraception failure (in oral pills).
- 13. Ex : a) Corticosteroids- Acuteadrenal insufficiency may occur due to suppression of HPA axis b) β-blockers- • Aggravate ischemic heart disease or rebound hypertension on sudden discontinuation of β-blockers • Thus, for the above drugs, drug discontinuation should be gradual so that body can restore the changes that have been occurred due to the chronic use of drug.
- 14. 8. How torecognize an ADR and interactions with food and other drugs including alcohol and effect on operating machinery including driving vehicle and what to do if it is significant. • Patients need not be informed about all the side effects but only those which are significant and specific • Adverse/side effect e.g Effect of rifampicin on secretions Metallic taste by metronidazole.
- 15. • Avoid takingalcohol with Benzodiazepines and opioids, as it enhances the sedative effects of these drugs • Avoid Cheese (Tyramine rich food), as it can interact with Monoamine oxidase inhibitors sudden increase in blood pressure (Hypertensive crisis) – Called as Cheese reaction • Penicillin and other antibiotics can cause allergic reactions ranging from mild skin rashes to severe anaphylaxis.
- 16. • They shouldbe advised to contact the doctor in case of any untoward or unexplained action/reaction related to the drug and seek proper care. • Avoid skilled motor activities • Avoid strenuous activities • Avoidance of certain foods • Intake of medicine at certain times of the day.
- 17. 9. Special instructions e.g.,use of Bisphosphonates. • All oral BPNs are to be taken on empty stomach in the morning with a full glass of water • Patient is instructed not to lie down or take food for at least 30 min • The tab/cap should not be chewed • These measures are needed to prevent contact of the drug with esophageal mucosa which results in esophagitis, erosions and ulcers.
- 18. 10. Storage ofmedicines should be informed 11. Patients should be asked if they have any query 12. When to come for follow up, even when there is no problem 13.Information about Non-compliance of the medication • Relapse of the disease • Antimicrobial resistance • Tolerance to drugs • Hypersensitivity.
- 19. 2. Communication withthe patient regarding Optimal Use of devices Manoeuvre of Use of Medication : Metered dose inhaler (MDI), spacer, nebulizer, Insulin self administration Eye drops, Ear and Nose drops Application of ointments/creams Transdermal patch etc.
- 21. Steps 1. Wash hands. 2.Confirm that Medicine cannister is not empty by shaking it & then attach it to the Inhaler. 3. Take off the cap from Inhaler mouthpiece. 4. Shake the inhaler well. 5. Confirm if the Inhaler is working properly. (The aerosol should come out on pressing the Inhaler) 6. Open the cap from the mouthpiece of spacer & see through it to confirm there is no obstruction in spacer tube. 7. Attach the spacer to the Inhaler mouthpiece. 8. Stand or sit straight comfortably 9. Take a deep breath in. 10. Fully Exhale. 11. Put the Spacer mouthpiece in the Mouth. 12. Press the Inhaler. 13. Breath in the aerosol for 5 seconds. 14. Hold the breath for 10 seconds. 15. After 10 seconds exhale. 16. Put the cap back on the inhaler mouthpiece. 17. If the inhaler had inhalational steroids in it then rinse the mouth thoroughly with water to prevent oral candidiasis
- 23.
- 24. Keep changing injectionsites according to arrows in above Figure Sites of Subcutaneous Injection Insulin Self administration
- 25. Raise skin foldonly (Don't involve muscle) If Needle is small (4-5mm) then injection can be given directly at 90o or at 45o 6-8mm: Give injection at 90o after raising skin fold 10-12mm: Give injection at 45o after raising skin fold If Needle is more than 4-5mm then it should not be given directly at 90o without raising skin fold INSULIN SELF ADMINISTRATION
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- 28. STEP 1 STEP4 STEP 3 STEP 5 STEP 2 STEP 8 STEP 7 STEP 6 Choose location Wash hands Hold patch Peel off Apply Press Remove other side Wash hands TRANSDERMAL PATCH APPLICATION
- 29. 3. Communication withthe patient regarding Storage of Medicines • Medicines, if not stored properly, can lose their efficacy, potency and safety • Recommended storage conditions by manufacturers and their meaning in the following table.
- 30. Label on medicineMeaning Information to patient/Medicine in-charge Protect from light Should be stored at dark place where it is not exposed to light (cupboard/drawer) Keep in drawer/cupboard or in closed lid box in any part of the house except bathroom, kitchen and window or near window area. Usually, such drugs are provided in light resistant containers by manufacturer Protect from moisture To be stored at room temperature in normal humidity (relative humidity <60%); moisture resistant containers are provided by pharmaceuticals Keep in drawer/cupboard or in closed lid box in any part of house except bathroom, kitchen and window or near window area. Usually, such drugs are provided in moisture resistant containers by manufacturer.
- 31. Label on medicineMeaning Information to patient/Medicine in- charge Stores in freezer at: 2o C or less Should be stored in freezer Store in deep freezer Do not store over 8o C To be stored in refrigerator (from +2o C to +8o C) but not in freezer chamber Store in refrigerator but not in freezer Do not freeze Do not store over 30o C To be stored at room temperature (from +2oC to +30oC) Keep in any part of house except bathroom, kitchen and window or near window area.
- 32. The various temperaturezones used for medicines are as follows: - 1. Cold Storage: 20 C to 80 C 2. Cold Storage: 100 C to 250 C 3. Room temperature 4. Any other specified in drug label
- 33. Store below 30o Cin dry place. Don't Freeze. Store in dark between temperature 2o C to 8o C
- 34. Demonstration of howto use the following instruments by Volunteers: Metered dose inhaler (MDI), spacer, nebulizer Insulin self administration Eye drops Application of Eye ointments/creams Transdermal patch.
- 35.