Comp it 2

2.4 BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
[Common in ECE, I&C, Eltx. (Microprocessor) Computer Engg. & IT]
L T P
4 - 2
RATIONALE
A diploma holder may be involved in various jobs ranging from preventive maintenance of electrical
installation to fault location. In addition, he/she may be working in testing laboratories where he/she
uses measuring instruments. To carry out these and similar jobs effectively, knowledge of basic
concepts, principles and their applications is very essential. This course will enable the students to
understand the basic concepts and principles of dc and ac fundamental, ac circuits, batteries,
electromagnetic induction, voltage and current sources etc

DETAILED CONTENTS

1. Overview of DC Circuits (06 hrs)

1.1 Simple problems on series and parallel combination of resistors with their wattage
consideration,
1.2 Application of Kirchhoff’s current law and Kirchhoff’s voltage law to simple circuits.
Star – Delta connections and their conversion.

2. DC Circuit Theorems (06 hrs)

Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s theorem, application of network theorems in solving d.c
circuit problems.

3. Voltage and Current Sources (04 hrs)

a) Concept of voltage source, symbol and graphical representation characteristics of
ideal and practical sources.
b) Concept of current sources, symbol, characteristics and graphical representation
of ideal and practical current sources.

4. Electro Magnetic Induction (10 hrs)

a) Concept of electro-magnetic field produced by flow of electric current, magnetic
circuit, concept of magneto-motive force (MMF), flux, reluctance, permeability,
analogy between electric and magnetic circuit.
b) Faraday’s laws of electro-magnetic induction, principles of self and mutual
induction, self and mutually induced e.m.f, simple numerical problems.

c) Concept of current growth, decay and time constant in an inductive (RL) circuit.
d) Energy stored in an inductor, series and parallel combination of inductors.

5. Batteries (06 hrs)

5.1 Basic idea of primary and secondary cells
5.2 Construction, working principle and applications of Lead-Acid, Nickel-Cadmium
and Silver-Oxide batteries
5.3 Charging methods used for lead-acid battery (accumulator )
5.4 Care and maintenance of lead-acid battery
5.5 Series and parallel connections of batteries
5.6 General idea of solar cells, solar panels and their applications
5.7 Introduction to maintenance free batteries

6. AC Fundamentals (10 hrs)

6.1 Concept of alternating quantities
6.2 Difference between ac and dc
6.3 Concepts of: cycle, frequency, time period, amplitude, instantaneous value,
average value, r.m.s. value, maximum value, form factor and peak factor.
6.4 Representation of sinusoidal quantities by phasor diagrams.
6.5 Equation of sinusoidal wave form for an alternating quantity and its derivation
6.6 Effect of alternating voltage applied to a pure resistance, pure inductance and
pure capacitance.

7. AC Circuits (16 hrs)

7.1 Concept of inductive and capacitive reactance
7.2 Alternating voltage applied to resistance and inductance in series.
7.3 Alternating voltage applied to resistance and capacitance in series.
7.4 Impedance triangle and phase angle
7.5 Solutions and phasor diagrams for simple RLC circuits (series and parallel).
7.6 Introduction to series and parallel resonance and its conditions
7.7 Power in pure resistance, inductance and capacitance, power in combined RLC
circuits. Power factor, active and reactive power and their significance, definition
and significance of power factor.
7.8 j-notation and its application in solving series and parallel ac circuits
7.9 Definition of conductance, susceptance, admittance, impedance and their units

8. Various Types of Power Plants (06 hrs)

8.1 Brief explanation of principle of power generation practices in thermal, hydro and
nuclear power stations and their comparative study. A Visit to a nearby Power
Station(s) may be organized for better understanding and exposure.
8.2 Elementary block diagram of above mentioned power stations

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Familiarization of measuring instruments viz voltmeter, ammeter, CRO, Wattmeter, multi-
meter and other accessories
2. Determination of voltage-current relationship in a dc circuit under specific physical
conditions and to draw conclusions.
3. Measurement of resistance of an ammeter and a voltmeter
4. Verification of dc circuits:
a.. Thevenin’s theorem,
b. Norton’s theorem,
5. Observation of change in resistance of a bulb in hot and cold conditions, using voltmeter
and ammeter.
6. Verification of Kirchhoff's Current and Voltage Laws in a dc circuit
7. To find the ratio of inductance of a coil having air-core and iron-core respectively and to
observe the effect of introduction of a magnetic core on coil inductance
8. Computation of the voltage current relationship in single phase R-L and R-C series
circuits, drawing of their impedance triangles and determination of the power factor in
each case .
9. Charging and testing of a lead - acid storage battery.
10. Measurement of power and power factor in a single phase R-.L-.C. Circuit and calculation
of active and reactive powers in the circuit.
11. Visit to a nearby Power Station(s) may be arranged

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES
Basic electrical engineering being a fundamental subject, it needs to be handled very carefully and
in a manner such that students develop clear understanding of the related concepts and principles.
The teacher may lay more emphasis on laboratory work and give home assignments to students to
inculcate self-study and problem solving abilities amongst them.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Electrical Technology, Fifth Edition by Edward Hughes, Longman Publishers.
2. Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering by SK Sahdev; Dhanpat Rai and Co, New
Delhi.
3. Experiments in Basic Electrical Engineering by SK Bhattacharya, KM Rastogi; New Age
International (P) Ltd.; Publishers New Delhi.
4. Electrical Science by Choudhury S.; Narosa Publishing House Pvt Ltd, Darya ganj, New
Delhi.
5. Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering by Kumar KM, Vikas Publishing House Pvt
Ltd, Jang pura, New Delhi.
6. Electrical Technology by BL Theraja, S Chand and Co, New Delhi.
7. Basic Electricity by BR Sharma; Satya Prakashan; New Delhi.
8. Principles of Electrical Engineering by BR Gupta, S Chand and Co, New Delhi.

9. Basic Electrical Engineering by PS Dhogal, Tata Mc Graw-Hill publishing Company Ltd.,
New Delhi.
10. Basic Electrical Engineering by JB Gupta; SK Kataria and Sons, New Delhi.
11. Experiments in Basic Electrical Engineering by GP Chhalhotra, Khanna Publishers, New
Delhi
12. Basic Electrical Engineering by J.S. Katre, Technical Max. Publication, Pune.

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING PAPER SETTER

Sr No Topic Time Allotted (Hrs) Marks Allotted
(%)
1. Overview of DC Circuits 06 8
2. DC Circuit Theorems 06 10
3. Voltage and Current Sources 04 08
4. Electro Magnetic Induction 10 15
5. Batteries 06 12
6. AC Fundamentals 10 15
7. AC Circuits 16 20
8 Various Types of Power Plants 06 12
Total 64 100

2.5 BASIC ELECTRONICS
[Common in ECE, I&C, Eltx. (Microprocessor) Computer Engg. & IT]
L P
4 2
RATIONALE
This subject gives the knowledge of fundamental concepts and principles of basic electronics and
aims at providing the students with basic understanding of various types of materials such as
conductors, semiconductors and insulators, extrinsic and intrinsic semi-conductors, p-n junction,
need of rectifiers, significance and use of filters in rectifiers, basic structure and working principle of
tunnel diodes, LEDs, varactor diodes, LCD; working of transistors in various configurations;
fundamental knowledge of FETs and MOSFETs etc. and their applications. The teacher should
give emphasis on understanding of concepts by explaining the various terms used in the subject.
Practical exercises have been included in order to reinforce various concepts. Industrial/field
exposure must be given by organizing industrial visit.
DETAILED CONTENTS

1. Semi conductor physics: (12 hrs)

1.1 Review of basic atomic structure and energy levels, concept of insulators,
conductors and semi conductors, atomic structure of Germanium (Ge) and Silicon
(Si), covalent bonds
1.2 Concept of intrinsic and extrinsic semi conductor, process of doping.
1.3 Energy level diagram of conductors, insulators and semi conductors; minority and
majority charge carriers.
1.4 P and N type semiconductors and their conductivity, effect of temperature on
conductivity of intrinsic semi conductors.

2. Semi conductor diode: (12 hrs)

2.1 PN junction diode, mechanism of current flow in PN junction, forward and reverse
biased PN junction, potential barrier, drift and diffusion currents, depletion layer,
concept of junction capacitance in forward and reverse biased condition.
2.2 V-I characteristics, static and dynamic resistance and their value calculation from
the characteristics.
2.3 Application of diode as half-wave, full wave and bridge rectifiers. PIV, rectification
efficiencies and ripple factor calculations, shunt capacitor filter, series inductor
filter, LC and RC filters.
2.4 Types of diodes, characteristics and applications of Zener diodes. Zener and
avalanche breakdown.

3. Introduction to Bipolar-transistors: (12 hrs)

3.1 Concept of a bipolar transistor, its structure, PNP and NPN transistors, their
symbols and mechanism of current flow; Current relations in a transistor; concept
of leakage current;

3.2 CB, CE, CC configurations of a transistor; Input and output characteristics in CB
and CE configurations; input and output dynamic resistance in CB and CE
configurations; Current amplification factors. Comparison of CB, CE and CC
Configurations;
3.4 Transistor as an amplifier in CE Configuration; concept of dc load line and
calculation of current gain and voltage gain using dc load line.

4. Transistor biasing Circuits: (06 hrs)
Concept of transistor biasing and selection of operating point. Need for stabilization of
operating point. Different types of biasing circuits.

5. Single stage transistor amplifier: (10 hrs)
Single stage transistor amplifier circuit, ac load line and its use in calculation of current and
voltage gain of a single stage amplifier circuit. Explanation of phase reversal of output
voltage with respect to input voltage. H-parameters and their significance.

6. Field effect Transistors (12 hrs)
Construction, operation and characteristics of FETs and their applications.
6.1 Construction, operation and characteristics of a MOSFET in depletion and
enhancement modes and its applications.
6.2 C MOS - advantages and applications
6.3 Comparison of JFET, MOSFET and BJT.
6.4 FET amplifier circuit and its working principle. (Excluding Analysis).

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Familiarization with operation and use of the following instruments.
Multi-meter, CRO, Signal generator, LCR meter, Regulated Power Supply by way of taking
readings of relevant quantities with their help.

2. Plotting of V-I characteristics of a PN junction diode
3. Plotting of V-I characteristics of a Zener diode
4. Measurement of the voltage gain, input and output impedance in a single state CE amplifier
circuit.
5. Fabrication of:

a. Half-wave rectifier circuit using one diode
b. Full-wave rectifier circuit using two diodes
c. Bridge-rectifier circuit using four diodes

6. Observation of the wave shapes for the following rectifier circuit

d. Half-wave rectifier
e. Full-wave rectifier
f. Bridge-rectifier

7. Plotting of the wave shape of full wave rectifier with

a. Shunt capacitor filter
b. Series inductor filter
c. RC filter

8. Plotting of input and output characteristics and calculation of parameters of transistors in
CE configuration.

9. Plotting of input and output characteristics and calculation of parameters of transistors in
CB configuration.

10. Plotting of V-I characteristics of a FET based amplifier.

11. Measurement of the Q-point and observation of variation of Q-point by:
.
a. By increasing the base resistance in fixed bias circuit.
b. By changing out of bias resistance in potential divider circuit.

12. Measurement of voltage gain, input and output impedance in a single state CE amplifier
circuit.

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

The aim of this subject is to provide the knowledge of the fundamental concepts related to basic
electronics. The teacher should give more emphasis on understanding of concepts and the
measuring of various terms used in the subject. The students be made familiar with diodes,
transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors etc. and various measuring instruments such as Multi-
meter, CRO, Signal generator, LCR meter, Regulated Power Supply etc. Practical exercises
should be included to reinforce the various concepts. Practical applications of semiconductor
diodes, transistors, field effect transistors etc must be elucidated to the students.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Basic Electronics and Linear Circuit by NN Bhargava, Kulshreshta and SC Gupta, Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing Company Pvt Ltd, New Delhi.
2. Principles of Electrical and Electronics Engineering by VK Mehta; S Chand and Co., New
Delhi
3. Electronic Components and Materials by SM Dhir, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Pvt
Ltd, New Delhi.

4. Electronics Devices and Circuits by Millman and Halkias; McGraw Hill.
5. Principles of Electronics by Albert Paul Malvino; Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Pvt
Ltd, New Delhi.
6. Basic Electronics by J.S. Katre, Sandeep Bajaj, Tech. Max. Publications, Pune.

SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING PAPER SETTER

Sr Topic Time Allotted Marks Allotted (%)
No (Hrs)
1 Semi Conductor Physics 12 20
2 Semi Conductor Diode 12 20
3 Introduction To Bipolar-Transistors 12 20
4 Transistor Biasing Circuits 6 5
5 Single Stage Transistor Amplifier 10 15
6 Field Effect Transistors 12 20
Total 64 100

2.6 WORKSHOP PRACTICE - II
L T P

- - 6

RATIONALE

In order to have a balanced overall development of diploma engineers, it is necessary to integrate
theory with practice. General workshop practices are included in the curriculum in order to provide
hand on experience about use of different tools and basic manufacturing practices.

This course aims at developing general manual and machining skills in the students. Besides
above, the development of dignity of labour, precision, safety at work place, team working and
development of right attitude are the other objectives.

DETAILED CONTENTS (PRACTICALS)

The following shops are included in the syllabus:

1. Welding Shop

2. Electronic Shop

3. Sheet Metal Shop

Note:

The contents of various shops prescribed under workshop Practice –I are same as that of General
Workshop Practice-I which is common for most of engineering diploma programmes except for
Computer Engineering and Information Technology.

The instructor is to first explain the introductory part given at the beginning under each shop
followed by demonstration and practice by students.

1. Welding Shop

1.1 Introduction to welding and its importance in engineering practice; types of
welding; common materials that can be welded, introduction to welding equipment
e.g. a.c. welding set, d.c. rectifier, Electrode holder, electrodes and their
specifications, welding screens and other welding related equipment and
accessories.

1.2 Electric arc welding, (ac. and dc.) precautions while using electric arc welding,
Practice in setting current and voltage for striking proper arc.

Job I Practice of striking arc while using electric arc welding set.

Job II Welding practice on electric arc welding for making uniform and
Straight weld beads

1.3 Various types of joints and end preparation.

Job III Preparation of butt joint by electric arc welding.

Job IV Preparation of lap joint by electric arc welding.

Job V Preparation of corner joint by using electric arc welding.

Job VI Preparation of Tee joint by electric arc welding.

2. Electronic Shop

2.1 Identification and familiarization with the following tools used in electronic shop:

Tweezers, Screw drivers (different sizes), Insulated Pliers, Cutter, Sniper, Philips
Screw Driver (Star Screw Driver), L- Keys, Soldering Iron and their demonstration
and uses.

2.2 Identification and familiarization with the following electronic instruments:

a) Multimeter analog and digital (Three and half digit)
b) Single beam simple CRO, Signal Generator and Function Generator;
function of every knob on the front panel
c) Audio-oscillator having sine and square wave output
d) Regulated Power supply -- fixed voltage and variable voltage, single
output as well as dual output.

Job I Practice in the use of above-mentioned equipment. For this small
experimental as set up may be done

2.3 Various types of protective devices such as : Wire fuse, cartridge fuse etc.

2.4 Identification and familiarization with ear phone speaker connector, telephone
jacks and similar male and female connectors

2.5 Safety precautions to be observed in the electronic shop

NOTE: Demonstration Boards for the above components should be made.

Job II Cut, strip, join and insulate two lengths of wires/ cables (repeat with different
types of cables/wires)
Job III Cut, strip, connect/solder/crimp different kinds of wires/ cables (including co-axial
and shielded cable) to different types of power/general purpose/Audio
Video/Telephone plugs, sockets, jacks, terminals, binding posts, terminal strips,
connectors. The tasks should include making complete recording/ playback/
antenna/ speaker leads for common electronic products such as Radio, TV, CD
Players, VCD/DVD Players, Cassette Recorder and Players, Hi-Fi equipment,
Hand- set, microphone
Job IV Cut, bend, tin component, Leeds, inserts and solder components (resistor,
capacitor, diodes, transistors, FETs, IFT coils, ICs etc) on a PCB

3. Sheet Metal Shop
Introduction to sheet metal shop, use of hand tools and accessories e.g. different types of
hammers, hard and soft mallet, sheet and wire gauge, necessary allowance required
during job fabrication, selection of material.

3.1 Introduction and demonstration of hand tools used in sheet metal shop.

3.2 Introduction and demonstration of various machines and equipment used in sheet
metal shop e.g. Shearing Machine, Bar Folder, Burring Machine, Turning Machine,
Wiring Machine, Setting Down Machine, Forming Machine , Brake etc.

3.3 Introduction and demonstration of various raw materials used in sheet metal shop
e.g. black-plain sheet, galvanized-iron plain sheet, galvanised corrugated sheet,
aluminium sheets etc.

3.4 Study of various types of Nuts, Bolts, Rivets, Steel Screws etc.

Job I Shearing practice on a sheet using hand shears.

a) Practice on making Single riveted lap joint/Double riveted lap Joint.

b) Practice on making Single cover plate chain type, zig-zag type and
single rivetted Butt Joint

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Workshop Technology I,II,III, by S K Hajra, Choudhary and A K Chaoudhary. Media
Promoters and Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Bombay
2. Workshop Technology by Manchanda Vol. I,II,III India Publishing House, Jalandhar.
3. Manual on Workshop Practice by K Venkata Reddy, KL Narayana et al; MacMillan
India Ltd. New Delhi
4. Basic Workshop Practice Manual by T Jeyapoovan; Vikas Publishing House (P) Ltd.,
New Delhi
5. Workshop Technoogy by B.S. Raghuwanshi, Dhanpat Rai and Co., New Delhi

6. Workshop Technology by HS Bawa, Tata McGraw Hill Publishers, New Delhi

2.7 DESK TOP PUBLISHING (DTP) FUNDAMENTALS
(Common in Computer Engineering and Information Technology)
L T P
- - 4
RATIONALE

This course will enable the students to familiarize with the features and use of application
packages such as Page Maker, Corel Draw or any other equivalent latest package(s). They will
develop skills in handling the software.

Note: Since this is a practical oriented subject, there will be no theory paper. It is suggested that
the teacher should explain the following topics during the practical classes itself.

TOPICS TO BE EXPLAINED THROUGH DEMONSTRATION

1. Introduction
Overview of Desk Top Publishing (DTP), Introduction of various keys in the keyboard and
their functions.

2. Page Maker
Document needs, creating a document, editing and formatting a document, saving and
printing a document, inserting text and graphics, inserting columns, fonts and styles,
integrating images and graphics from a drawing package in the document, making
transparencies, elements, frame option, arrange text, image control, expert tracking,
indent/tabs, styles, type styles, layout, tool bar (page setting)

3. Corel Draw
3.1 Introduction, exploring Corel Draw screen, using dialog boxes, using roll ups,
create/open file, save file, import/export files, print file

 Use of ribbon bar, use of tool box, select object, shaping objects using zoom
tool, filling objects, outline objects, use of line tool
 Setting up new drawing, setting multi-page document, undo/redo mistakes,
repeat, cut, copy, paste, delete, duplicate, clone
 Insert object, paste special, copy attributes from select all, drawing objects,
selecting objects
 Page setup, insert/delete page, use of layers, roll up, grid and scale set up,
guideline set up

3.2 Formatting objects
 Arranging objects: align, order, group, ungroup
 Arranging objects: combine, break apart, weld, intersection, trim, separate
 Mode edit: to line, to curve, stretch, rotate, align, convert to curves

 Creating special effects: Transform roll up, clear transformation, add
perspective, envelope roll up
 Creating special effects: blend roll-up, extrude roll up, counter roll up, power
line, power-clip clear effects
 Working with text: Character, paragraph text, frame, setting of tabs, indents,
bullets, spacing in paragraph text

LIST OF PRACTICALS

1. Using windows explorer and other windows elements
2. Creating and opening a document in page maker
3. Formatting and editing a document
4. Saving and printing a given document
5. Insertion of text and graphics in a given document from external source
6. Using columns utility, to give the document column look
7. Using various fonts and styles to make a document more beautiful
8. Use of page maker to make transparencies
9. Saving and printing a file that has been created
10. Formatting a given file by using undo/redo, repeat, cut, copy, paste, delete, duplicate and
clone utilities
11. Inserting objects in the drawing, aligning, ordering, grouping and ungrouping of those
objects
12. Use of combine, break apart, weld, intersection, trim and separate tools in a given drawing
13. Use of mode edit tools i.e. to line, to curve, to stretch, and rotate
14. Creating special effects i.e. transform roll-up, envelop roll up, add perspective, extrude roll
up, contour roll up, power line, power clip, clear effects
15. To insert character and paragraph text in a drawing and frame, setting of tabs, indents,
bullets and spacing in paragraph text
16. Filling of text to a given path, aligning it to base line, straighten text and edit text
17. Using tools such as spell checker, and thesaurus
18. Using find and replace text utility and type assist

19. Adding various symbols to a drawing and creating different pattern

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES

This subject is completely practical oriented. Stress is to be given to impart hands on experience
to the students. With this subject, the students will be able to create, edit, format and print a
document with the help of page maker, corel-draw etc.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Desk Top Publishing From A to Z by Bill Grout and Osborne; McGraw Hill

2. DTP (Desk Top Publishing) for PC user by Houghton; Galgotia Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.,
Daryaganj, New Delhi

ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS CAMP

A diploma holder must have knowledge of different types of pollution caused due to industries and
constructional activities so that he may help in balancing the eco system and controlling pollution
by pollution control measures. He should also be aware of environmental laws related to the
control of pollution.
This is to be organized at a stretch for 3 to 4 days. Lectures will be delivered on following broad
topics. There will be no examination for this subject.
1. Basics of ecology, eco system and sustainable development

2. Conservation of land reforms, preservation of species, prevention of advancement of
deserts and lowering of water table
3. Sources of pollution - natural and man made, their effects on living and non-living
organisms
4. Pollution of water - causes, effects of domestic wastes and industrial effluent on living and
non-living organisms
5. Pollution of air-causes and effects of man, animal, vegetation and non-living organisms

6. Sources of noise pollution and its effects

7. Solid waste management; classification of refuse material, types, sources and properties
of solid wastes, abatement methods
8. Mining, blasting, deforestation and their effects

9. Legislation to control environment

10. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Elements for preparing EIA statements

11. Current issues in environmental pollution and its control

12. Role of non-conventional sources of energy in environmental protection

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