Lasting organizational change requires developing competencies. Competencies are skills, knowledge, and behaviors needed for success. They are visible through measurable results and perceived attitudes. Developing competencies requires understanding what matters most for each job, setting goals to achieve a shared vision, and modifying systems and structures to institutionalize changes while monitoring progress. Critical factors include leadership to drive change, creating need, shaping vision, gaining commitment, and ensuring changes last over time. The mix of important competency factors may vary depending on an employee's level within an organization.