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Complete Streets
This document discusses the need for "Complete Streets" policies that ensure roadway design considers all road users, including pedestrians, bicyclists, transit riders and motorists of all ages and abilities. It provides examples of Complete Streets design features that make streets safer and more accessible for older adults, such as widened shoulders, protected bike lanes, increased signage and pavement markings. The document advocates that Complete Streets policies change transportation planning practices and shift investments to better accommodate all road users over time. It identifies resources for developing effective Complete Streets policies and implementation strategies.
Complete Streets
- 1. AARP Public PolicyInstitute January 27, 2009 Planning Complete Streets for an Aging America Jana Lynott, AICP Strategic Policy Advisor Transportation & Livable Communities AARP Public Policy Institute
- 2. Hawaii Act 54— AnOpportunity to Complete the Streets • All ages and abilities • All modes • Applies to new construction, reconstruction, and maintenance • Broad reach (state & county roads) • Allows for exemptions • Directs the next step => Task force to look at updating design standards, establishing new performance measures, restructuring procedures
- 3. Incomplete Streets Photograph from Edward Stollof 3
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- 5. Complete Streets Street A Street B Street D Street E Street F 5
- 6. Who wants CompleteStreets? • 55% of Americans would rather drive less & walk more • Transit is growing faster than population or driving • About one-third of Americans don‘t drive: 20% of Americans over 65. All children under 16. Many low income Americans cannot afford automobiles. • Older adults who wish to remain independent through safe driving 6
- 7. What is aComplete Streets policy? A complete streets policy ensures that the entire right of way is planned, designed & operated to provide safe access for all users. 7
- 8. Why have acomplete streets policy? • To change practice, integrating the needs of all road users into everyday transportation planning practices 8
- 9. Why have acomplete streets policy? • To gradually create a complete network of roads that serve all users 9
- 10. Why have acomplete streets policy? • To shift transportation investments so they are creating better streets now. 10
- 11. Complete Streets policiesare NOT: • A mandate for immediate retrofit • A silver bullet • A design prescription 11
- 12. Implementation - frompolicy to practice 12
- 13. An effective policyshould result in: New training for planners and engineers 13
- 14. An effective policyshould result in: Restructured procedures Existing and Future Conditions 2. Define 1. Define Land Transportation Use Context Context DEFINE THE CONTEXT Objectives ASSESS EXISTING DESIGN Goals and 3. Identify 4. Describe Deficiencies Future Objectives IDENTIFY IMPROVEMENTS Decision-Making 5. Define 6. Describe Street Type Tradeoffs and Initial and Select Cross-Section Cross-Section Source: City of Charlotte’s Urban Street Design Guidelines 14
- 15. An effective policyshould result in: Re-written design manuals 15
- 16. An effective policyshould result in: New measures to track success 3000 2,632 Number of Pedestrians Parking Utilization Percentage 2500 45% 2,136 41% 2000 40% 35% 1500 30% 29% 35.0% 29.5% 1000 25% 30.0% 20% Speeding Analysis 25.0% 500 15% 19.6% 20.0% 0 10% 15.7% Before After 15.0% 5% 9.8% 8.9% 0% 10.0% 7.5% Before After 5.0% 0.0% Before After Before After Before After North End Middle South End 16
- 17. Model Implementation Courtesy of Charlotte, NC DOT
- 18. Key Issues forOlder Adults • Declining vision & hearing • Decreased physical fitness and flexibility • Decreased ability to focus attention • Increased reaction time 18
- 19. Planning & DesignPrinciples for Older Adults • Slow Down – Allow drivers and pedestrians enough time to prepare for and execute • changes Make it Easy – Make the physical layout of the system easy to maneuver for drivers and • Enjoy the View pedestrians – Make it easy for drivers and pedestrians to notice, read, understand, and respond to visual cues 19
- 20. Slow Down 85% Pedestrians Chance of Death if Hit by a Motor 45% Vehicle 5% 20 m ph 30 m ph 40 m ph Source: NCHRP Report 500, Vol. 10: A Guide for Reducing Collisions Involving Pedestrians, 2004.
- 21. The addition ofbike lanes and parallel parking makes it easier for older drivers to turn.
- 22. Make it Easy Pedestrian Signal Timing Can Make a Whole Lane of Difference for Older Adults B A 70 ft 56 ft 00 ft Courtesy of ITE 22
- 23. Enjoy the View Courtesy of Dave Morena, FHWA-Michigan Division Rochester Hills, MI 9 Inch upper/lower lettering Mississippi DOT 2009 2004 program MUTCD proposed
- 24. Paint the rumbles Michigan: 200+ freeway miles Paint on rumble strip Paint on pavement Courtesy of Dave Morena, FHWA-Michigan Division
- 25. Over-sized Glass Beads Wetnight Large beads in urethane marking 30+ states
- 26. Rural Highway– IncreaseShoulder Width Wide Shoulders 26
- 27. Rural Highway– Exampleof Multi-Use Trail Multi-Use Trail 27
- 28. Rural Crossroads– ExistingConditions 28
- 35. “The CTP employsa Complete Streets philosophy that defines the street by more than just its mobility and accessibility functions, but by its role as a critical community character shaper.”
- 36. Decatur‘s Policy Guiding Adopted as part of the Community Principles: Transportation Plan in 2008 Health ―Complete Streets are defined as Safe Choices streets with safe travel facilities for Community all users- pedestrians, bicyclists, motorists and transit riders – of all Connectivity ages and ability levels‖
- 37. Corner of CommerceDrive and West Ponce de Leon Before
- 38. Corner of CommerceDrive and West Ponce de Leon After
- 39. New York City • Bold • Pragmatic • Specific focus on older pedestrian
- 41. Re-Making Iconic Places –Times & Herald Squares
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- 47. Alachua County, Florida CorridorDesign Manual
- 48. Avon, NJ Mainstreet C Streetscape S Project S e x c h a n g e AASHTO/FHWA Peer Exchange: Context Sensitive Solutions Baltimore, MD Sept. 6-8, 2006
- 49. Making Streets Betterfor Older Drivers Avoid “Suicide Lanes” Older drivers report that two-way left- turn lanes are confusing and risky A raised curb median treatment reduces crashes and provides refuge for pedestrians 49
- 50. C S S e x c h a n g e AASHTO/FHWA Peer Exchange: Context Sensitive Solutions Baltimore, MD Sept. 6-8, 2006
- 51. C S S e x c h a n g e AASHTO/FHWA Peer Exchange: Context Sensitive Solutions Baltimore, MD Sept. 6-8, 2006
- 52. C S S e x c h a n g e AASHTO/FHWA Peer Exchange: Context Sensitive Solutions Baltimore, MD Sept. 6-8, 2006
- 53. C S S e x c h a n g e AASHTO/FHWA Peer Exchange: Context Sensitive Solutions Baltimore, MD Sept. 6-8, 2006
- 54. Virginia Department of Transportation • Policy for Integrating Bicycle and Pedestrian Accommodations (2004) • Street Requirements/Road Design Manual (2009)
- 55. Exemplar Complete Streets Design Manuals • Charlotte, NC Urban Street Design Guidelines • Virginia DOT Secondary Street Acceptance Standards and Road Design Manual • Alachua County, FL Corridor Design Manual • Decatur, GA Policy and road projects • NYC Sustainable Streets (plan), Street Design Manual, Safe Streets for Seniors • State of Massachusetts Project Development Guide • Louisville, Kentucky Complete Streets Manual • Sacramento Best Practices Guide 55
- 56. Complete Streets Resources • Fact Sheets • Monthly policy news • Policy examples • Complete Streets Implementation Workshops www.completestreets.org 56
- 57. Discussion Questions 1. Whatare the major obstacles and opportunities for implementing Complete Streets on Hawai‗i Island? 2. What should be the performance measures to track implementation success? 3. What does the Complete Streets Task Force need to know about Hawai‗i Future Community Builders Island? Photo by Jana Lynott
- 58. Where to findme Jana Lynott, AICP AARP Public Policy Institute (202) 434-3893 [email protected] Future Community Builders Photo by Jana Lynott