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COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION (CAI) OR COMPUTER.pptx
- 1. INTRODUCTION The word computeris derived from the word compute. which means to calculate justifying its usefulness. The use of computers in education started in the 1960s when they are known as teaching machines. After a decade, in the year 1970,with the advent of microcomputers, the use of computers increased in education. .
- 2. DEFINITION A computer isa electronic machine , which works under the control of a stored programme, automatically accepting processing of data to produce designed results.
- 3. CAI/CAL Computer assisted learningis also known as a computer assisted instruction. It refers to introduction or remediation presented on a computer. Many educational computer programmers are available online from computer stores text book companies. They enhance the teachers instruction in several ways.
- 4. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OFCAI In the year 1966, the first general –purpose system for CAI was developed at the University of Illinois at urban – Champaign by Donald Blitzer. It was known as PLATO (Programmed Logic for Automated Teaching Operations) System. In the year 1976 the first CAI was set up at the Waterford Elementary School in the Utah for students. In the 21st century, the social software system have revolutionized the use of computer technology in classrooms by making communication high-tech & cheaper thereby enabling people to connect through computers.
- 5. SAlLENT FEATURES OFCAI/CAL CAI uses text or multimedia or combined content. Provides simulated real life problems. Provides immediate feedback to the learner which reinforces them. Records &analyzes the incorrect response immediately. Summarizes learner’s performance at the end of the test. Provides repetitive drills to improve the participants knowledge. Provides game based drills to increase learning enjoyment.
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- 7. LOGO This system wasdeveloped by Fearing and Papart. Logo is a simple programming language which can be taught to children .The children who learn logo make up their own programmers to draw flower or faces or generate designs on the screen.
- 8. SIMULTION The language enablesstudent to mount an experiment in a symbolic form.
- 9. CONTROLLED LEARNING It involvesthe use of interesting adaptive strategies. It include both drill practice. Drill and practice programmers are suplementary to the regular curriculum followed by the classroom teacher.
- 10. COMPUTER- ASSISTED WRITING INSTRUCTIONS Acomputer programme for writing helps students with developing ideas, organizing, outlining and brainstorming. A template provides the framework and reduce the physical efforts spent on writing so that can pay attention to organization and content.
- 11. COMPUTER PROGRAMMES FORWRITING WORD PREDICTION oSpeech;- Specific programmers that identify words students use repeatedly ; when a student types the first few letters ,the programmed lists the frequently used words that starts with those letters. o Speed up the typing process.
- 12. Contd…. SPEECH –TO-TEXT • Studentmust be taught how to use the programme. • Students speak into a microphone & the programmed types the words. • Programmed must be “trained” to the student’s word pronunciation& speech style. • Increased speech from voice to text.
- 13. Text-to-speech • Student canhear what they have typed to check if says what they want it to say. • Good for editing.
- 14. Spellchecker Helps students identifymisspelled words. Automatically corrects words if the teacher sit to programme in that way.
- 15. Disadvantages of CAL Inadequate training of teachers &inadequacy of instructional media. The computer fails to appreciate the students emotions the warm emotional climate created by the teacher in the classroom interaction with the student is lacking in CAL. It fails to develop essential feature of language competency. It is a mechanical approach to education The peripheral equipments puts constraints in he way a student can interact with the computer.
- 16. Application of Computerin Nursing computer Education Administration Hospital Research work
- 17. Education Knowledge ofcomputer can be applied to prepare slides in MS power point on the topics to be taught to the student. Knowledge of multimedia helps the nursing teachers & students teach effectively. Education through internet & CAL has simplified education in nursing schools.
- 18. Contd……… A computer aidsin learning and institutions: By providing information & instructions. By asking questions. By doing difficult calculations. By being tireless& repetitive. By simulated process. By selecting the right speed for providing information to individual learner
- 19. Administration Preparing recordof nursing students by lectures and nursing superintendent. Preparing & maintaining record of assessment & results. Preparing duty roster that saves time. Preparing drafts of a plan annually, monthly &weekly.
- 20. Hospital Computer keepsrecord of patient’s health status during hospital stay & OPD. Hospital information management system (HIMS) helps to have access to the patient treatment chart , operation list or anaesthetic record; this is possible with computer knowledge. Computer helps nurses to manage routine document in a fraction of a time , which may otherwise take up a lot of time manually. It increases productivity of nurses. Other function in hospitals, i.e autonomic generation of reminder letters , determination of milestones & so on are performed with the help of appropriate softwares.
- 21. Research Computer are usedto get information on the research works being carried out via the internet. They help support research finding with other research that has been carried out. A knowledge of computer reduces the time taken for documentation which usually takes time when done manually. it increases their productivity & provide best patient centered care.
- 22. BIBLIOGRAPHY Anurag Bhaipatidar “ Communication and Nursing Education” published by Pearson pp -155 Suresh K Sharma “Communication and Education Technology in Nursing” published by Elesvier pp 263- 267 www.google. Com.