The document discusses conditional rendering in Lightning Web Components (LWC). It explains that conditional rendering allows hiding or showing components based on conditions, similar to Aura's <aura:if> element. It provides an example of conditionally rendering an element when a checkbox is checked and another example that conditionally renders an element when a button is clicked. The document also covers loops in LWC using the for:each directive and iterator properties to iterate over lists of items.
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