Covid 19 pandemic

Covid 19 pandemic

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  Dr COVID-19 PANDEMIC: WHAT WESHOULD KNOW? Dr. Azad Alam Siddiqui Assistant Professor Department of Vocational Studies Km Mayawati Govt. Girls PG College, Badalpur, G.B. Nagar (U.P.) One Week Online Faculty Development Programme (FDP) Organized By I.Q.A.C. and Dept. of Vocational Studies Km. Mayawati Govt. Girls Post Graduate College, Badalpur, Gautam Buddha Nagar (U.P.) On The Global Crisis @COVID-19: Rethinking Policies 06-11 May 2020
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  WHAT’S COVID 19? ➢COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) . ➢ Caused by a novel beta coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. ➢ The SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh Corona virus known to infect humans. ➢ First described in a cluster of patients presenting with pneumonia symptoms in Wuhan, China, in December of 2019. ➢ Over the past few months, COVID-19 has developed into a worldwide pandemic, with over 4014500 documented cases globally as of today. ➢ The SARS-CoV-2 virus is almost likely of zoonotic origin, but has been shown to have effective human-to-human transmission
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  SARS-COV2 • A virus,tiny infectious agent. • Only grow in the cell of another organisms • Viruses are classified by type of the nucleic acid in their genome (RNA or DNA) • Its not killed by antibiotics which targets bacteria. • It can affect respiratory system (nose, throat, lungs), heart (new or increased arrhythmias), and possibly lead to pneumonia and acute respiratory disease.
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  WHAT’S CORONA VIRUS?
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   Enveloped, single-stranded,positive sense RNAgenome  Susceptible for frequent recombination process  Novel-CoV had 89% nucleotide identity with Bat SARS-like – CoVZXC21 and 85% with that of Human SARS-CoV(1)  Genomic analyses suggest that SARS-CoV-2 probably evolved from a strain found in Bats.
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  Route of transmissionofCOVID-19
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  HOW IS ACOVID-19 CASE DEFINED?
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  Vaccine:  Vaccines arebiological preparations, produced from living organisms, that enhance immunity against disease and either prevent (prophylactic vaccines) or, in some cases, treat disease (therapeutic vaccines). Type of vaccine Examples Live-attenuated Measles, Mumps, Rubella,Varicella zoster, BCG Inactivated Hepatitis A, Influenza, Pneumococcal polysaccharide Recombinant sub-unit Hepatitis B Toxoid Tetanus, Diphtheria Conjugate polysaccharide-protein Pneumococcal, meningococcal, Haemophlius influenzea type b (Hib)
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  Live,Attenuated Vaccines  Microorganismscan be attenuated or disabled so that they lose their ability to cause significant disease (pathogenicity) but retain their capacity for transient growth within an inoculated host. Inactivated or “Killed” Vaccines  The pathogen is treated with heat or chemicals, killed making it incapable of replication, but allows it to induce an immune response to at least some of the antigens contained within the organism.
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  Subunit Vaccines  SubunitVaccines contains only specific, purified macromolecules derived from the pathogen.  It contains only the antigenic parts of the pathogen which are necessary to elicit a protective immune response. Toxoid Vaccines  Some bacteria produce disease in their host by producing exotoxins.  Toxoid Vaccines are inactivated exotoxins.
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  Possibility of vaccinefor COVID-19 1. immune systems of almost all people are responding to corona virus 2. Vaccines are typically made to mimic the immune reaction of recovered people 3. Vaccines protect against disease, not infection 4. Killed or weakened viruses can be used in a vaccine development 5. Most vaccines protect against viruses that enter the body through the respiratory or gastrointestinal systems 6. Most vaccines are tested thoroughly on animal models Note: The corona virus also mutates quickly like HIV virus.