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Covid 19 update
- 1. Ms. Gagan Sharma(Assist. Prof) Ms. Amanjeet Kaur (C I ) SARS – CoV-2 COVID-19 -
- 2. Coronaviruses area large family of viruses that can causes illnesses ranging widely in severity. Human Corona viruse first characterized in 1960s are responsible for a large proportion of upper respiratory tract infection in children. First Break down of severe illness caused by a Corona virus was in 2003 i.e Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic in China.
- 3. Second outbreakof sever illness began in 2012 in Saudi Arabia with the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) An outbreak of a novel strain of Coronavirus causing severe illness named as SARS-COV- 2 in Wuhan (China) was reported in Dec 2019.
- 5. Data showedthat Chinese scientists sequenced the genome of SARS-COV-2, which results in epidemic of COVID-19 illness by increasing transmission from human to human after a single exposure into human population. But scientist analyzed that SARS- CoV- 2 spike proteins had evolved 2 effectively target features: 1. Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) which is capable for grappling hook that make grip to adhere with host cells.
- 6. 2. CleavageSite: which allows the viruses to crack and open the host cells and enter into it. Other proposed the scenario a non pathogenic version of viruses jumped from an animal host into humans and then evolved into pathogenic state within the human population . Eg. Pangolins, Armadillo like mammals and intermediary host like civets or ferrets, camels, cattle, bats. These animals could possibly have been transmitted the corona viruses to a human.
- 7. Coronaviruses area large family of zoonotic viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to severe respiratory diseases. There are several corona viruses known to be circulating in different animal population that have not yet infected humans. COVID-19 is the most recent to make the jump in human infection.
- 8. 1.Human Coronavirus 229E(HCOV- 229E) –Alpha 2.Human Coronavirus OC43 (HCOV-OC43)-Beta 3.SARS Coronavirus (SARS-COV) -Beta 4.Human Coronavirus NL63 (HCOV-NL63)- Alpha 5.Human Coronavirus HKU (HKU-1) -Beta 6.Human Coronavirus MERS (MERS-COV) -Beta 7.Human Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) -Beta
- 9. Family: coronaviridae Property: diameter enveloped virion that measure approximately 120 nm. RNA: Positive sense, Single Standard mRNA Linear and Helical Capsid Glycoprotein spikes in the envelope give crown like or coronal appearance Size: 400-500 mm (2nd largest viruse)
- 10. ICTV (International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses) announced SARS-CoV-2 on the basis of viruses genome. 2019 Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV: new not resembling something formerly known SARS- COV-2 WHO announced “COVID-19” . WHO officially designated novel Corona viruse outbreak a Pandemic on 11th March
- 11. SNEEZING ANDCOUGH LOT OF DROPLETS spreading in the air or fall on the ground and near by surfaces Another person inhale the droplets or touches the surfaces Touches his face eyes or mouth CAN GET THE INFECTION IF DISTANCE IS LESS THAN 1METER (3 FEET) CHANCES ARE MORE FOR INFECTION
- 14. Acc. WHO 1-14DAYS
- 15. OCCUR INALL AGE GROUPS Co-morbidity such as high BP, HD, Lung disease, cancer or diabetes, renal disease Infection generally mild in children Travel history to an area affected by Coronaviruses Close contact with infected person
- 17. Fever Sorethroat Cough SOB Mild illness reported in 81% Severe illness occur with in 24-48 hours in 14% Critical disease (MOD, Shock, Respiratory failure) in 5% Overall case fatality rate between 2.3-5%
- 18. Fever 88% Fatigue 38% Dry cough 67% Myalgias 14.9% Dyspnea 18.7% ARDS 3.4% Headache Sore throat Rhinorrhea Gastrointestinal symptoms
- 21. Kit 2019-nCoVRT-PCR (Real Time Reverse Transcriptase (RT) PCR) diagnostic Panel developed by CDC 2019- Novel Corona Viruses. (Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal swab) COVID-19 Rapid test detect IgM,and IgG Bronchoscopy Sputum, Stool and urine specimen Serological test Leukopenia, Leukocytosis, Lymphopenia and Thrombocytopenia, increased serum procalcitonin, C-Reactive protein (CRP)
- 24. Stay aware ofthe latest information 1. Frequent hand wash: alcohol based hand rub or soup and water. 2. Maintain Distance :at least 1 meter distance 3. Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth. 4. Practice respiratory hygiene: coving mouth and nose with elbow while sneezing and coughing 5. Seek medical care early: while experience fever, SOB and dry cough. 6. Stay informed and follow advice given by health care provider
- 25. 1. Stay athome if began to feel unwell even with mild symptoms like headache and runny nose until recover. 2. If symptoms develop seek medical advice promptly 3. Informed health care provider about recent travel history and contact with travelers.
- 30. Wear Mask Ifhealthy wear mask only while taking care of suspected person While coughing and sneezing Effective in combination with frequent hand cleaning
- 31. Cover mouthand nose with mask No gap between face and mask Avoid touching the mask while using it Replace the mask with new one as soon as it is damp Don’t reuse single used mask Don’t touch the front of mask while removing Discard immediately in close bin Clean hands
- 33. COVID-19 canbe transmitted in the areas with hot and humid climates Cold weather and snow cannot kill the COVID-19 Taking a hot bath does not prevent the new corona viruses disease Cannot be transmitted through mosquito viruse Hand dryers are not effective in killing 2019- nCoV UV disinfected lamps not effective
- 34. Thermal scannerare not effective in detecting COVID-19 Spraying alcohol and chlorine all over body will not kill viruse that have already enter your body. Pneumonia and influenza vaccines are not effective Regularly rinsing nose with saline is not effective. Garlic is not effective. All age groups are susceptible. Antibiotics are not effective.
- 36. No specificmedicine Symptomatic treatment is given with optimize supportive care. Combination of 3 drug: Jaipur Antiretroviral – Lopinavir, Ritonavir (kaletra) Antimalarial : chloroquine Antiviral: Oseltanuvir, or tamiflu Anti flu drug: Favipiravir Hydroxychloroquine
- 37. Noninvasive positivepressure ventilation (NIPPV) Mechanical ventilator
- 42. +91-11-23978046 TOLLFREE NO : 1075 In Punjab: 104
- 45.