Download as PDF, PPTX
More Related Content
Similar to Creativity and generating business ideas, 8th august 2010 by rajiv tandon
Creativity and generating business ideas, 8th august 2010 by rajiv tandon
- 1. Creativity and GeneratingBusiness Ideas
- 2. Agenda I. Innovation II. Ideation • Responses to Changes • Sources of new Ideas – Users products/ services • (Actionable) Innovation – Improvements – Government initiatives – International trends – Technology, R&D • Ideation – Logical Methods – Intuitive Methods – Hybrid Methods
- 3. Definitions • Idea* – A thought; mental conception; mental image – A form, the look or appearance of things as opposed to its reality – A plan; scheme; intention; aim • Implement* – To carry into effect; to fulfill; accomplish • Innovation* – Act of affecting change in the established order – Introduction of something new Innovation: An idea that is implemented • Disposition – Inclination – Natural Fitness – Frame of mind
- 4. (Actionable) Innovation Innovation = Idea x Implementation • It is not a “Eureka” (chance) thing • Proven process for each of the four links of Innovation Process 1. Ideation: Quality and Quantity of Ideas 2. Key Ideas: Selecting the right projects 3. Pilot: Disciplined introduction of new initiatives 4. Improvement: Assimilation/ Commercialization • Use a variety of methods and tools to make this activity efficient and without drudgery
- 5. Ideation • Sources of Ideas • Targeted Ideation • Enhancement of Ideas • Screening of Ideas for Opportunities
- 6. Implementation • Enhancement of Opportunities • Marketing Issues • Financial Issues • HR Issues • Growth
- 7. Innovation Process Pre-Disposition Improvement Resource Acquisition Crafting Business Plan Opportunity Enhancement Visualization “Key” Ideas Ideation Tandon, 1994
- 8. Sources of NewIdeas • Users of education products and services – Existing – Potential • Improvements of existing educational products and services • Government initiatives • International trends • Technology, R&D • Other Sources – Markets – Channels – Distributors – Supply and demand gap
- 9. Basic Approaches • Basedon Whole Brain Model – Logical Methods – Intuitive Methods – Hybrid Methods • Each one of us prefers a few methods • Add more tools to your tool box
- 10. Whole Brain Model CEREBRAL MODE THINKING PROCESS A D RIGHT MODE LEFT MODE LOGICAL ANALYTICAL HOLISTIC INTUITIVE QUANTITATIVE SYNTHESIZING FACT BASED INTEGRATING PLANNED EMOTIONAL ORGANIZED INTERPERSONAL DETAILED FEELING BASED SEQUENTIAL KINESTHETIC B C LIMBIC THINKING PROCESS Source: The Creative Brain, Brain Books, Ned Herrmann, 1990.
- 11. Logical Approach toProblem Solving Mission Control Situation Analysis Implementation Strategic Issues Priorities Objectives/ Goals Program and Strategies Support Plan
- 12. Attribute Listing • Developed by Robert Crawford • State Issue (problem or objective) • List all characteristics related to the issue • Systematically modify, focus, tackle each attribute • Its’ never just one thing but usually a combination
- 13. Benchmarking • Identify anarea of improvement • Internal/Competitive/Functional Benchmarking • Identify a “world class organization” doing that process particularly well • Look at good processes in multiple organizations • Bring back ideas from those organizations • Implement in your own organization
- 14. Six Sigma • Developedby Motorola 1979 (Mikel Harry) • Business Process redesign to reduce cost and yet increase quality • “Metrics” of relevance • Specific methods to recreate the processes so that defects/errors do not arise in the first place • Tougher and tougher relentless questioning of each process
- 15. Logical Methods • LeftBrained, Analytical, Rational, Convergent • Derivatives of the Scientific Method – Recognize a need – Define the problem – Develop a solution – Develop a method to test viability of solution – Apply methodology – Compare results with expected results – Summarize findings
- 16. Whole Brain Model CEREBRAL MODE THINKING PROCESS A D RIGHT MODE LEFT MODE LOGICAL HOLISTIC ANALYTICAL INTUITIVE QUANTITATIVE SYNTHESIZING FACT BASED INTEGRATING PLANNED EMOTIONAL ORGANIZED INTERPERSONAL DETAILED FEELING BASED SEQUENTIAL KINESTHETIC B C LIMBIC THINKING PROCESS Source: The Creative Brain, Brain Books, Ned Herrmann, 1990.
- 17. Improvement Resource Acquisition Crafting Business Plan Opportunity Enhancement Visualization “Key” Ideas 4-A Ideation
- 18. Analogies/ Metaphors • Aristotle:New words puzzle, ordinary words tell us what we know, metaphors give fresh insight • Valuable way to visualize and solve problems • Analogies: “this problem is like a time bomb” • Metaphor: “ All the world is a stage” – Unrelated, non-traditional relationship
- 19. Brain Storming • Developedby Alex Osborne • Five Key Conditions 1. Rule out criticism 2. Welcome Freewheeling 3. Generate many ideas 4. Seek combinations and improvement of ideas 5. Define the problem properly • Key Skills: – Build your tolerance for “bad” ideas – Cross pollination • Process – Few minute warm up session to loosen participants – Participants receive problem statement before session – Participants encouraged to bring some solutions – Leader restates the principle of deferred judgment – Introduce idea spurring questions, if bogged down
- 20. Some Idea –Spurring Questions Harden -- cream (instead of liquid) shampoo Minify? Fewer? Subtract? Eliminate? Smaller? Lighter? Shorter? Thinner? Shallower? Preform -- prefabricated houses Magnify? More? Add? Larger? Heavier? Stronger? Disposable -- Clench-type bottlecaps, disposable diapers, Substitute? Who else instead? What else instead? paper dresses, and tissues Other Place? Other time? Rearrange? Other layout? Other sequence? Stand vertically? Place Incorporate -- counting register on printing press horizontally? Slanted? Parallel? Crosswise? Converge? Diverge? Intervene? Delineate? Border? Open? Close? Parted -- tractor tread, split-level highway Reverse? Opposites? Turn backwards? Turn upside down? Inside Solidify -- soup and beverage mixes out? Combine? How about a blend? An assortment? Liquefy -- plant food chemicals Separate? Combine purposes? Combine ideas? Fractionate? Vaporize nasal medication vaporizers Assemble? Disassemble? Put to Other Uses? New ways to use as is? Other uses if modified? Pulverize -- powdered eggs, leaf mulcher attachment to lawn Adapt? What else is like this? What other ideas does mover, kitchen sink garbage disposal unit. this suggest? Modify? Change meaning, color, motion, sound, odor, taste, form, Wetter -- hydraulic brakes shape, temperature? Solidify? liquefy? Vaporize? Pulverize? Make Insulate -- food pads, thermal containers disposable? Abrade? Lubricate? Insulate? Wetter? Drier? Effervesce? Coagulate? Elasticize? Electrify? Compress -- medicinal tablets Change Time Element? Faster? Slower? More frequently? Less frequently? Chronologize? Effervesce -- analgesic preparations Perpetuate? Synchronize? Anticipate? Coagulate -- gelatin desserts Renew? Recur? Alternate? Elasticize -- bubble gum, belts Electrify -- electric blanket Heavier -- can opener with weighted stand
- 21. ‘Keep on thelookout for novel and interesting ideas that others have used successfully. Your idea is to be original only in its adaptation to the problem you are working on.’ Thomas Edison
- 22. Different Worlds • Goto a different world – (Farming, Military, Business, Nature..) • Look at a similar problem faced in that world • How are they “solving” the problem? • Generate lots of ideas • Implement Key Ideas in your own world
- 23. Inside Out Variationson: Different Worlds • Where else would this thing work? • Create a product for the lowest rung. • Solutions in search of a problem. • Deep Dive (IDEO): deep research on product
- 24. Outside In Variationson: Different Worlds • Alert Observations: Odd things, exceptions • Job Rotation • Fresh Eyes: New Employees • Walk the Trade Show • Reading Group or Book Club on a concept
- 25. Role Playing • Selecta Role • People: Florence Nightingale, Frank Lloyd Wright, Abraham Lincoln, Ben Franklin, Walt Disney, Thomas Edison • Picture and get in the role of the person • Look at the problem from this perspective
- 26. Role Playing (Examples) Howwould you solve this opportunity or think about this concept if you were one of these people, animals or professions? Hindu Monk Mae West Ben Hur Dentist Salesperson Donald Duck Prostitute Martin L. King, Jr. Thomas Edison Mother Theresa Michael Jordan Salesperson TV evangelist Restaurant Dishwasher Captain of a Ship Landscape Designer Black Beard John Wayne Zebra Thomas Jefferson Ancient Explorer Palm reader DQ Owner Loch Ness Monster Tammy Baker Sleeping Beauty Oprah Winfrey KG Teacher Moses Meteorologist Flying Squirrel Fire Ant Winnie-the-Pooh Radio Disc Jockey Bambi SWAT Leader Michael Jackson Woman in Army Olympic Athlete Dr. Zhivago Teenage Mutant Jacque Cousteau Tom Thumb Dragon Ninja Turtle General Custer Circus Clown Mortician Politician Helen Kellor Hospital Patient Environmentalist Dilbert Bob Marley Mother Theresa Stephen King
- 27. Variations on RolePlaying • Customer Perspective • What would Croesus do? – Unconstrained customer: Croesus, a supremely rich king of Lydia (modern day Turkey) whose wealth came from mining gold in the river where Midas bathed. • What would Donald Trump do? – Vast resources: connections, money and time • What would Mr. Customer do? – Typical customer • What would a poor beggar do? – Maximum amount of the key benefit for a minimum cost • Play the Devil’s advocate – Assign someone to take an extreme negative position
- 28. Paradox Management • Itis the organizing premise of the epoch – Mass Customization – Higher Quality at lower cost – Intuitive Logic – Co-opitition – Riches at the Bottom of the Pyramid • Be prepared for the exact opposite of your plan • Irreconcilable concepts, if they are integrated, lead to breakthrough ideas • From (One or other) to (One and other)
- 29. Variation of ParadoxManagement • Flip it around The opposite of a true statement is a false statement. The opposite of a profound truth may as well be another profound truth – Neils Bohr – Let customer decide the price: Priceline – Mortgage that automatically adjusts the length of time with changing interest rates without having to refinance – Good ideas are the ones left after you throw away the bad ones • How are customers misusing the product? – Using PAM on the lawnmower • Asymmetry Deliberately break natural desire for symmetry – One way toll booth on Golden Gate bridge
- 30. Intuitive Methods • RightBrained, Integrating, Holistic, Divergent • Derivatives of the Creative Process – Problem Description – Incubation – Illumination – Verification
- 31. Hybrid Methods • Hybrid,Accordion, Combination* • Developing the other method (Logical, Intuitive) gives us more permutations/combinations
- 32. Improvement Resource Acquisition Crafting Business Plan Opportunity Enhancement Visualization “Key” Ideas 4-A Ideation IDEATION X IMPLEMENTATION
- 33. Hybrid Problem SolvingProcess IMPLEMENTATION PROBLEM IDEA SOLUTION ACCEPTANCE FACT Look for Search for details/ Seek new ways Generate many Examine Identify opportunities/ objections, relationships/ from diverse alternatives possible challenges acceptance implications perspectives solutions needs, Choose a Choose most promising one Use all senses Choose best one promising for Compare/ Seek resources, evaluation prioritize Identify/ examine Highlight key facts Gain commitment Prioritize Start Parnes - Osborne: Creative Problem Solving Process, 1992
- 34. Principled Problem Solving •Created by Barry Nalebuff & Ian Ayres – Break the practice into component parts in simple declarative sentences – Flip each part one by one – Pick one or several that may be possible • Auction/Dutch Auction: – An item is put up for sale – An auctioneer proposes successively higher prices – The last bidder wins
- 35. Experience Engineering • Createdby Lewis Carbone • Experience clues from customer perspective – Functionality (Logical) – Emotional (Intuitive) • Mechanics (From things) • Humanics (From people) • Process: – Experience Audit – Experience Motif – Implement
- 36. Problem Solving Techniques Level Technique Logical Intuitive 1 Attribute Association Ind. Group 1 Analogies/Metaphors Ind. Group 1 Association Images Ind. Group 1 Brain Storming Group 2 Tour the Mall Ind. Group 2 Force Field Analysis Ind. Group 2 Different Worlds Ind. Group 2 Role Playing Ind. Group 2 Wild Ideas Ind. Group 3 Experience Eng Ind. Group Ind. Group 3 Alignor Ind. Group Ind. Group
- 37. Ideation with NewInformation Functional Use Management Focus Remain in 5 Reaching the Business Consumer Organizational Effectiveness 5. People 5. Restructuring of the Systems Industry Make Money 4 Enhancing Executive 4. Megadecisions 4. Restructuring of the Decision Making Organization 3. Marketing, Distribution, 3 Enhancing Products 3. Growth and Increase in Customer Service and Services Market Share Save Money Operational Control 2. Financial, 2 Leveraging Investments Manufacturing 2. Asset Management , Services 1. Administrative 1. Process Management 1 Reducing Costs
- 38. Ideation Under ChangingContexts 3. Growth Planning 4. Strategic Planning 5. Venturing 6. Turnaround Planning 1. Initiation 2. Transition Planning 7. Portfolio Planning BREAKPOINT Tandon, 1994
- 39. Ideation Recap • Good Projects are a two step process: 1. Start with lots of ideas – 4-A: Anyone can have ideas on Anything, from Anywhere, Anytime – Focus is on the Quantity of ideas and not their quality 2. Pick a few consensus “Key Ideas” • Remove duplicates • Reject the ones with low organizational energy • Assign “Low hanging fruit” • Propel or kill projects on risk alignment • Strategy • Pre-disposition • Key concepts: – Quiet time to reflect – Diversity of personnel, prevent hijacking by a few – Use wisdom of crowds – Different methods of generating ideas