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Curso de manutenção e reparos de bicicletas

  • 1.
    &DUORV $OEHUWR ±&XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 2.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 3.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 4.
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  • 5.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 6.
  • 7.
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  • 8.
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  • 9.
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  • 10.
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  • 11.
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  • 12.
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  • 13.
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  • 14.
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  • 15.
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  • 16.
    2 QRYR SURGXWR± FRP WDPSLQKD YHUPHOKD ± WHP XP SRGHU GH OXEULILFDomR DLQGD PDLRU TXH R yOHR 3Uy %LNH WUDGLFLRQDO FRP VLOLFRQH SRLV R WHIORQ SURPRYH D UHGXomR GRV FRHILFLHQWHV GH DWULWR H GH DQWLDGHUrQFLD JDUDQWH JUDQGH FDSDFLGDGH GH GHVOL]DPHQWR H HOHYDGD UHVLVWrQFLD j DEUDVmR H DR GHVJDVWH 2 37)( FRQVLVWH HP QDQRPROpFXODV GH PtFURQ GH GLPHQVmR TXH SUHHQFKHP DV ILVVXUDV GDV SDUWHV PHWiOLFDV H IXQFLRQDP FRPR ³UROHWHV´ PLFURVFySLFRV TXH GLPLQXHP VXEVWDQFLDOPHQWH R DWULWR H FRQVHTHQWHPHQWH DXPHQWD D YLGD ~WLO GRV FRPSRQHQWHV GD WUDQVPLVVmR H HYLWD R HIHLWR FRQKHFLGR FRPR FKDLQ VXFN SRU H[HPSOR $OpP GR yOHR WHIORQDGR D HPSUHVD ODQoRX XP GHVHQJUD[DQWH H XP [DPSX QHXWUR HVSHFLDO SDUD ELFLFOHWDV 2 GHVHQJUD[DQWH 3Uy %LNH p ELRGHJUDGiYHO H LQGLFDGR SDUD OLPSH]D SHVDGD GH UHODo}HV SHGLYHODV FDVVHWHV H FRUUHQWHV 3RGH VHU XVDGR SXUR RX GLOXtGR HP iJXD 2 [DPSX 3Uy %LNH WDPEpP ELRGHJUDGiYHO p QHXWUR H QmR DJULGH D SLQWXUD 3RGH VHU XVDGR GLOXtGR QD SURSRUomR GH DWp .12: +2: $ 0* 4XtPLFD HPSUHVD IRL IXQGDGD HP SHOR HQJHQKHLUR SDXOLVWDQR -XOLR *HPLJQDQL )LOKR IRWR
  • 17.
  • 18.
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  • 19.
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  • 20.
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  • 22.
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  • 64.
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  • 80.
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  • 91.
    5()250$ (21Ð0,$ 8PD DORL QRYLQKD HP IROKD JDVWDQGR DSHQDV 5 4XDQGR IL] DQRV HP PLQKD DYy PH GHX XPD DORL 77SH GH SUHVHQWH 7RGR GLQKHLUR TXH HX JDQKDYD HUD LQYHVWLGR HP SHoDV SDUD D ELNH (VWDYD OLQGD (VVH DQR QR GLD GR PHX DQLYHUViULR PH URXEDUDP HOD 2 PXQGR FDLX 8P GLD HVWDYD D FRQYHUVDU FRP XPD YL]LQKD TXH PH GLVVH TXH WLQKD XPD DORL HQFRVWDGD TXH QLQJXpP XVDYD PDV HVWDYD XP SRXFR YHOKD (QWmR HOD PH GHX D ELFLFOHWD 'HL[HL HOD HQFRVWDGD DTXL HP FDVD SRLV TXHULD RXWUD PRXQWDLQ ELNH H VDELD TXH LD JDVWDU PXLWR GLQKHLUR QD UHIRUPD GD ELFLFOHWD SRLV HVWDYD HP SpVVLPR HVWDGR 2 TXDGUR HVWDYD UD]RiYHO RV FXERV WRWDOPHQWH WUDYDGRV QmR WLQKD FkPELR GLDQWHLUR QHP VHOLP IDOWDYD D FRURD PHQRU GR SHGLYHOD WLQKD XP JXLGmR UHWR GH PWE H WRGDV DV SHoDV HVWDYDP FRP IHUUXJHP QXP HVWDGR LUUHFXSHUiYHO 'HSRLV GD UHIRUPD D ELNH ILFRX SHUIHLWD 2 PDQHWH GH IUHLR 'LD RPSH FRP IXURV SDUD DOLYLDU SHVR
  • 92.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 93.
    8P PrV GHSRLVMXQWHL R GLQKHLUR H FRPSUHL XPD $OIDPHT GH XP DPLJR PHX /LQGD (UD D ELFLFOHWD GRV PHXV VRQKRV 3DVVHL WUrV GLDV ID]HQGR UHYLVmR SRLV VRX PXLWR SHUIHFFLRQLVWD )LFRX XP VKRZ 0DV HUD PXLWR ERP SUD VHU YHUGDGH 'XDV VHPDQDV GHSRLV HQWUDUDP HP PLQKD FDVD H D URXEDUDP (X TXHULD PRUUHU 1mR WLQKD FRPR DUUXPDU GLQKHLUR SUD FRPSUDU RXWUD VHPHOKDQWH 5HVROYL HQWmR TXH LULD UHIRUPDU D DORL 6y PH DUUHSHQGR GH QmR WHU WLUDGR IRWRV GR HVWDGR LQLFLDO (VWDYD UHDOPHQWH WHUUtYHO 6y DSURYHLWHL R TXDGUR R JDUIR H D FDUFDoD GRV FXERV 6XQVKLQH
  • 94.
    TXH SRU VHUHPGH DOXPtQLR GHX SUD UHFXSHUDU 2 UHVWR IRL WXGR SUR OL[R RPHFHL UHVWDXUDQGR RV FXERV )RL Vy ODYDU FRP ERPEULO TXH ILFDUDP QRYRV H PH HPSROJRX EDVWDQWH RORTXHL HL[R IXUDGR FRP EORFDJHP QRV GRLV $t IXL DWUiV GDV SHoDV WRGDV
  • 95.
    3RU VRUWH VRX DPLJRGR GRQR GR 626 5RGDV DTXL GH 6mR DUORV H FRPR HOH p DXWRUL]DGR DORL WHP EDVWDQWH SHoDV HP HVWRTXH 4XDVH WXGR XVDGR PDV HP ERDV FRQGLo}HV 3DVVHL YiULDV WDUGHV IXoDQGR QD ORMD H VHSDUDQGR R TXH LQWHUHVVDYD RQVHJXL SUDWLFDPHQWH WRGDV DV SHoDV 1mR JDVWHL QHP 5 'HPRUHL FHUFD GH XP PrV SDUD ILQDOL]DU R VHUYLoR 2 FRQMXQWR GH IUHLR p LQWHLUR GD 'LD RPSH 2V PDQHWHV HX DFKHL QRYRV GHQWUR GD HPEDODJHP 2 FRQMXQWR GH FDPELR p LQWHLUR 6XQWRXU RQVHJXL XP FkPELR GLDQWHLUR LQWHLUR GH DOXPtQLR DOpP GH DEUDoDGHLUDV SDUD FDER GH DoR TXH GHUDP XP FKDUPH HVSHFLDO QD ELFLFOHWD 2 SHGLYHOD p 7UDFHU FRP FHQWUR TXDGUDGR 7RGDV DV SHoDV VmR GH DOXPtQLR H[FHWR R FkPELR WUDVHLUR SRU LVVR D ELNH ILFRX EHP OHYH 'HSRLV GH WXGR UHIRUPDGR PLQXFLRVDPHQWH OL[HL R TXDGUR DGDSWHL XPD DEUDoDGHLUD GR VHOLP GH $OIDPHT SRLV R JDQFKLQKR RULJLQDO HVWDYD PXLWR WRUWR H PRQWHL SDUD HYHQWXDLV DMXVWHV DQWHV GD SLQWXUD RPSUHL DURV GH DOXPtQLR QRYRV H UDLRV GH LQR[ 1D GLDQWHLUD IRL PRQWDGR FRP UDLRV PP VHP FUX]DU 2V SQHXV VmR ,5 +3 $SyV XPD VHPDQD URGDQGR QXPD GHVDWHQomR EDWL QXP FDUUR SDUDGR H HQWRUWRX R JDUIR RPSUHL XP HP DoR FURPDGR 'HVPRQWHL H SLQWHL R TXDGUR FRP VSUD XVR JHUDO RORUJLQ YHUPHOKR 8P VSUD GHX FHUWLQKR SDUD GHPmRV )L] XP WUDEDOKR PXLWR FDSULFKDGR )LFRX EHP OLVR H VHP HVFRUULGRV $SyV DOJXQV DMXVWHV ILFRX XP VKRZ 1mR VDLX EDUDWR *DVWHL XQV 5 PDV FRPSUDQGR WXGR 5HIRUPDU XPD ELNH LQWHLUD ILFD EHP PDLV EDUDWR 2 FkPELR 6XQWRXU GH YHORFLGDGHV (P DOXPtQLR R SHGLYHOD 7UDFHU 2 VHOLP IRL IL[DGR FRP XPD DEUDoDGHLUD $OIDPHT FRP TXLFN UHOHDVH
  • 96.
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  • 97.
    /,03(=$ '$ 255(17( 9RFr VDEHPHVPR@ OLPSDU H OXEULILFDU D FRUUHQWH 3RU 0DUFRV $GDPL 0DQWHU D FRUUHQWH R FDVVHWH H DV FRURDV OLPSDV p XP SUpUHTXLVLWR HVVHQFLDO SDUD TXH WRGR R FRQMXQWR GH WUDQVPLVVmR IXQFLRQH EHP H PDLV TXH LVVR GXUH EHP PDLV 8PD WUDQVPLVVmR EHP OLPSD H OXEULILFDGD FKHJD D GXUDU DWp D PDLV /LPSH]D QHVVH FDVR p VLQ{QLPR GH HFRQRPLD 8PD FRUUHQWH OLPSD WDPEpP WUDEDOKD GH IRUPD PDLV VLOHQFLRVD H SUHFLVD 0DV YRFr VDEH PHVPR FRPR TXH VH OLPSD H OXEULILFD R VLVWHPD GH WUDQVPLVVmR FRUUHWDPHQWH $ FRUUHQWH H RV GHPDLV FRPSRQHQWHV GD WUDQVPLVVmR GHYHP ILFDU DEVROXWDPHQWH OLPSRV 92Ç 9$, 35(,6$5 '( 'HVHQJUD[DQWH SRGH VHU TXHURVHQH GLHVHO RX GHVHQJUD[DQWHV FtWULFRV
  • 98.
    3LQFHO HRX HVFRYDGH GHQWHV 6DEmR HP Sy /XEULILFDQWH SDUD FRUUHQWHV GH ERD TXDOLGDGH )LQLVK /LQH 3HGUR V RX VLPLODU LPSRUWDGR
  • 99.
    ÈJXD OLPSD jYRQWDGH 3LQFHO DW{PLFR RSFLRQDO
  • 100.
    $ /$9$*(0 2 SULPHLURSDVVR p ODYDU EHP WRGR R VLVWHPD GH WUDQVPLVVmR TXH LQFOXL DOpP GD FRUUHQWH DV FRURDV R FDVVHWH DV FDWUDFDV
  • 101.
    H RV GRLVFkPELRV $ OLPSH]D GHYH FRPHoDU FRP D DSOLFDomR GR GHVHQJUD[DQWH FRP XP SLQFHO SRU WRGR R VLVWHPD GH WUDQVPLVVmR (VIUHJXH EHP D FRUUHQWH FRP D HVFRYD GH GHQWHV HOR SRU HOR FXLGDGRVDPHQWH /LPSH WDPEpP R FDVVHWH DV
  • 102.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 103.
    FRURDV H DVUROGDQDV GR FkPELR WUDVHLUR (Q[iJH FRP EDVWDQWH iJXD FRUUHQWH H UHSLWD QRYDPHQWH D RSHUDomR 0HWLFXORVDPHQWH (Q[iJH WXGR GH QRYR H DJRUD SUHSDUH XPD VROXomR GH VDEmR HP Sy FRP iJXD HP XP EDOGH 8P SXQKDGR GH VDEmR FRP XQV GRLV OLWURV G iJXD p R EDVWDQWH $SOLTXH HVWD VROXomR FRP R SLQFHO SRU WRGR R VLVWHPD RP D HVFRYD GH GHQWHV HVIUHJXH HOR SRU HOR GD FRUUHQWH DSULFKH QR FDVVHWH H QDV UROGDQDV GR FkPELR WUDVHLUR (VSHUH R VDEmR DJLU SRU XQV PLQXWRV H HQ[iJH WXGR QRYDPHQWH 6HJXUH HP GRLV SRQWRV GD FRUUHQWH GLVWDQWH XQV FP XP GR RXWUR H WRUoDD OHYHPHQWH FRP RV GHGRV $ FRUUHQWH HVWDUi DEVROXWDPHQWH OLPSD TXDQGR YRFr QmR VHQWLU QHQKXP DWULWR GH VXMHLUD HQWUH DV SDUWHV GD FRUUHQWH $ VHQVDomR GHYH VHU D GH PHWDO HVIUHJDQGR FRQWUD PHWDO Vy DVVLP D FRUUHQWH HVWDUi EHP OLPSLQKD H SURQWD SDUD UHFHEHU D OXEULILFDomR ILQDO 'LFD H[LVWHP IHUUDPHQWDV HVSHFLDLV SDUD D OLPSH]D GH FRUUHQWH TXH HYLWDP VXMHLUD 2 PRGHOR ,FH 7RRO] IRWR
  • 104.
    FXVWD SRXFR PDLVGH 5 H p EDVWDQWH SUiWLFR 'HL[H D ELNH VHFDU QDWXUDOPHQWH DR VRO FXLGDGR SDUD QmR GHL[DU PXLWR WHPSR H[SRVWD HVSHFLDOPHQWH VH R TXDGUR IRU GH ILEUD GH FDUERQR
  • 105.
    RX XVH DU FRPSULPLGRGLUHWDPHQWH QD WUDQVPLVVmR SDUD DFHOHUDU D VHFDJHP 'HSRLV GH FRPSOHWDPHQWH VHFD p D KRUD GD OXEULILFDomR 4XH WDPEpP WHP VHXV VHJUHGLQKRV 8P FRUUHQWH p IRUPDGD SHOD SODFD H[WHULRU SODFD LQWHULRU UHELWH RX SLQR
  • 106.
    H SHOD DQLOKDTXH p XP DQHO TXH WUDEDOKD VROWR HQYROYHQGR R SLQR 4XDQGR OXEULILFDPRV D FRUUHQWH TXHUHPRV QD UHDOLGDGH TXH D SHOtFXOD GH yOHR OXEULILTXH DV SDUWHV PHWiOLFDV TXH DWULWDP HQWUH VL $ DQLOKD DOpP GH DWULWDU HP VHX LQWHULRU FRP R SLQR DWULWD HP VXD SDUWH H[WHULRU R ODGR GH IRUD GD DQLOKD
  • 107.
    FRP RV GHQWHVGDV HQJUHQDJHQV FRURDV H FDVVHWH
  • 108.
    2 VHJUHGR HVWiHP OXEULILFDUPRV GD IRUPD PDLV HILFLHQWH SRVVtYHO DV SDUWHV TXH HQWUDP HP FRQWDWR PHWDOPHWDO /8%5,),$d­2 e UHFRPHQGDGR R XVR GH yOHR HVSHFLDO SDUD FRUUHQWHV GH ELFLFOHWDV +i YiULDV PDUFDV LPSRUWDGDV QR PHUFDGR 3HGURV 5RFN 1 5ROO HWF
  • 109.
    HQWUHWDQWR QR %UDVLOD PDUFD PDLV FRPXP p D QRUWHDPHULFDQD )LQLVK /LQH 1R GHVHQKR DR ODGR SODFD LQWHULRU SODFD H[WHULRU SLQR GD FRUUHQWH DQLOKD 2 SUREOHPD HP XVDU yOHR GR WLSR GRPpVWLFR 6LQJHU p TXH HOH QmR DGHUH EHP j FRUUHQWH H HVFRUUH QD SULPHLUD SHGDODGD 6y ILFD D VXMHLUD H TXH VXMHLUD $ YDQWDJHP GRV OXEULILFDQWHV HVSHFLDLV SDUD FRUUHQWHV GH ELFLFOHWD p D OLPSH]D D ERD DGHUrQFLD j FRUUHQWH H D YLVFRVLGDGH FRUUHWD SDUD HVWH XVR HVSHFtILFR 3$662 $ 3$662 '$ /8%5,),$d­2 RORTXH QD FRURD PHQRU RX FRURD GR PHLR QDV PRXQWDLQ ELNHV H HP DOJXPD PDUFKD LQWHUPHGLiULD QR FDVVHWH RP R SLQFHO DW{PLFR SLQWH D ODWHUDO GH XP GRV HORV GD FRUUHQWH SDUD VHUYLU GH PDUFDomR RPHFH D OXEULILFDomR SHOR HOR PDUFDGR ',$ RPHFH D OXEULILFDU SHOD SDUWH LQIHULRU GD FRUUHQWH D TXH HVWi PDLV SUy[LPD DR FKmR ,VWR p LPSRUWDQWH SDUD TXH D SHOtFXOD GH yOHR HVFRUUD SDUD GHQWUR GD FRUUHQWH 9i JLUDQGR R SHGDO H OXEULILFDQGR SDUWH SRU SDUWH GD FRUUHQWH
  • 110.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 111.
    8PD PtQLPD TXDQWLGDGHGH yOHR GHYH VHU DSOLFDGR HOR SRU HOR 1D PHGLGD GR SRVVtYHO GHL[H FDLU DSHQDV GH XPD JRWD $ HPEDODJHP GRV OXEULILFDQWHV LPSRUWDGRV FRPR R )LQLVK /LQH IDFLOLWDP HVVD RSHUDomR ,VVR p LPSRUWDQWH SDUD PDQWHU D FRUUHQWH VHPSUH OLPSD 4XDQWR PDLV yOHR PDLV VXMHLUD VHUi DWUDtGD SDUD JUXGDU QD WUDQVPLVVmR $ DSOLFDomR GR yOHR GHYH VHU IHLWD QR VHQWLGR WUDQVYHUVDO j FRUUHQWH RX VHMD D SHOtFXOD GH yOHR GHYH VH LQVWDODU HQWUH DV SODFDV H[WHUQDV H LQWHUQDV H HVFRUUHU SDUD GHQWUR GD DQLOKD )DoD FRP TXH R yOHR HQWUH SHODV IUHVWDV PDUFDGDV QD IRWR DR ODGR ',$ $SyV OXEULILFDU FDGD VHWRU VHJXUH HP GRLV SRQWRV GD FRUUHQWH H WRUoDD OHYHPHQWH YiULDV YH]HV (VVH PRYLPHQWR YDL SHUPLWLU TXH R yOHR HVFRUUD SDUD GHQWUR GDV DQLOKDV 7HUPLQDGD D OXEULILFDomR GD FRUUHQWH GHLWH D ELNH H OXEULILTXH WDPEpP D SDUWH LQWHUQD GDV UROGDQDV GR FkPELR WUDVHLUR $SOLTXH R yOHR QDV IUHVWDV GR HL[R GDV UROGDQDV TXH HOH YDL HVFRUUHU SDUD GHQWUR H OXEULILFDU DV HVIHUDV /XEULILTXH WDPEpP WRGRV RV SRQWRV TXH WrP PRYLPHQWR QR FkPELR GLDQWHLUR H WUDVHLUR FRPR HL[RV H SLY{V 6H SUHIHULU XVH RXWUR yOHR PDLV EDUDWR $Wp PHVPR R 6LQJHU YDL EHP QHVVH FDVR 0$187(1d­2 3(5,Ï',$ RP D FRUUHQWH EHP OLPSD H OXEULILFDGD YRFr YDL QRWDU XPD SHOtFXOD ~PLGD GH yOHR VREUH D FRUUHQWH 4XDQGR HVVD SHOtFXOD GHU OXJDU D XP EULOKR PHWiOLFR p VLQDO TXH HVWi QD KRUD GH QRYD DSOLFDomR GH yOHR 6HPSUH TXH YROWDU GH XPD SHGDODGD H[DPLQH R HVWDGR GD FRUUHQWH 6H RV HORV VH DSUHVHQWDUHP VHFRV H FRP EULOKR PHWiOLFR p VLQDO TXH HOD SUHFLVD GH XPD QRYD DSOLFDomR GH OXEULILFDQWH /LPSH D FRUUHQWH FRP XP SDQR VHFR H DSOLTXH R OXEULILFDQWH FRPR GHVFULWR QRV SDVVRV D $V UROGDQDV H RV SLY{V GH FkPELR OHYDP PDLV WHPSR SDUD SHUGHU D OXEULILFDomR $ SHULRGLFLGDGH GD UHDSOLFDomR GR yOHR YDL GHSHQGHU PXLWR GDV FRQGLo}HV GR SLVR RQGH YRFr URGRX 8VH R ERP VHQVR H YHULILTXH GH SHUWR D FRQGLomR GD FRUUHQWH (VWUDGDV GH WHUUD FRP ODPD ODYDP D OXEULILFDomR ORJR QRV SULPHLUR PHWURV -i XPD ELNH GH FLFOLVPR TXH URGD HP XPD HVWUDGD GH DVIDOWR VHFD WHUi PDLRU GXUDELOLGDGH GD OXEULILFDomR 4XDQGR YRFr QRWDU TXH R SDQR VHFR QmR p R VXILFLHQWH SDUD UHPRYHU D VXMHLUD H GHL[DU D FRUUHQWH OLPSD p KRUD GH WURFDU R yOHR GD FRUUHQWH RX VHMD ID]HU WRGD D OLPSH]D FRPSOHWD GHVFULWD DFLPD FRP TXHURVHQH VDEmR HP Sy HWF 1RYDPHQWH p R HVWDGR GD FRUUHQWH TXH YDL GHWHUPLQDU R PRPHQWR H[DWR GH VH ID]HU D QRYD OLPSH]D FRPSOHWD 2 SHUtRGR YDL YDULDU 4XHP URGD HP DVIDOWR OLPSR p XPD FRLVD TXHP URGD QD ODPD FRP XPD PRXQWDLQ ELNH p RXWUD 8VH R ERP VHQVR ',$ (P SHGDODGDV ORQJDV NP GH HVWUDGD RX NP GH PRXQWDLQ ELNH
  • 112.
    OHYH VHPSUH FRPYRFr XPD HPEDODJHP FRP yOHR 6H QRWDU TXH D FRUUHQWH FRPHoRX D ID]HU EDUXOKR H R EULOKR PHWiOLFR UHDSDUHFHX p VLQDO TXH p KRUD GH SDUDU H UHSOLFDU R OXEULILFDQWH 8PD HPEDODJHP SHTXHQD GH 1RYDOJLQD PO
  • 113.
    p XPD H[FHOHQWHHPEDODJHP SDUD OHYDU R yOHR HP XPD SHGDODGD $OJXQV DWOHWDV GH PRXQWDLQ ELNH FRVWXPDP LPSURYLVDU XPD VHULQJD KLSRGpUPLFD FRPR DSOLFDGRU GH yOHR TXH SRGH VHU DFLRQDGD FRP D ELNH HP PRYLPHQWR SDUD GLVSXWDU SURYDV ORQJDV FRPR D 9ROWD D 6 HP 07% HUDSLy H RXWUDV /8%5,),$17(6 2 OXEULILFDQWH QDFLRQDO 3Uy %LNH QmR GHL[D QDGD D GHYHU HP UHODomR DRV LPSRUWDGRV FRP XP SUHoR GH DWp LQIHULRU HOH p R SULPHLUR OXEULILFDQWH GR 3DtV D XVDU VLOLFRQH LPSRUWDGR HP VXD IyUPXOD 6HXV DGLWLYRV JDUDQWHP H[FHOHQWH GXUDomR PDLRU TXH D GRV VLPLODUHV LPSRUWDGRV 6HUYH WDQWR SDUD FOLPD VHFR TXDQWR FKXYRVR $ )LQLVK /LQH IDEULFD WUrV GLIHUHQWHV WLSRV GH OXEULILFDQWHV TXH WrP DSOLFDo}HV GLVWLQWDV
  • 114.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 115.
    URVV RXQWU 0DLV XVDGRQR PRXQWDLQ ELNH (VWH yOHR VLQWpWLFR VXSRUWD EHP WHUUHQRV PROKDGRV H ODPD 7HP DGLWLYRV DQWLGHVJDVWH H DQWLIULFomR 'XUD PDLV QD FRUUHQWH SRU VHU PDLV YLVFRVR 7HIORQ 3OXV ¬ EDVH GH WHIORQ HOH p PDLV VHFR TXH R FURVV FRXQWU SRU LVVR p R SUHIHULGR SRU FLFOLVWDV GH VSHHG H PRXQWDLQ ELNHV TXH URGDP PDMRULWDULDPHQWH QR DVIDOWR e PDLV OLPSR TXH R URVV RXQWU .U 7HFK )HLWR j EDVH GH XP SURGXWR GD 'X 3RQW FKDPDGR .UWR[ TXH p XP ILOPH OXEULILFDQWH j EDVH GH SDUDILQD 0DQWpP D FRUUHQWH OLPSD SRU PDLV WHPSR H UHGX] RV UXtGRV PDV GXUD EHP PHQRV QD FRUUHQWH SRLV p PXLWR VHFR +,67Ï5,$ '2 3('$/ 'RV PRGHORV DQWLJRV DRV GH HQFDL[H D HYROXomR GR SHGDO 3RU 0DUFRV $GDPL 2 WHPSR SDVVRX H HYROXLX SDUD RV SHGDLV WDPEpP 'HVGH RV VLPSOHV SHGDLV SODWDIRUPDV DTXHOHV FRPXQV
  • 116.
    DWp PRGHUQRV SHGDLVGH HQFDL[H TXH WHPRV KRMH 6mR YiULRV WLSRV GH SHGDLV SDUD GLYHUVDV ILQDOLGDGHV 9HMD RV SULQFLSDLV WLSRV H VXD DSOLFDomR 3/$7$)250$ 'HVGH TXH ELNH p ELNH HOHV H[LVWHP H VmR PDLV RX PHQRV LVVR Dt ([LVWHP PRGHORV OLVRV RXWURV WrP UDQKXUDV SDUD HYLWDU TXH RV SpV HVFRUUHJXHP 3RGHP VHU UHFREHUWRV FRP ERUUDFKD 2 PDWHULDO SRGH VHU DoR DOXPtQLR H DWpQKDDDF
  • 117.
    SOiVWLFR $ PDLRULDSRVVXL UHIOHWRUHV QD GLDQWHLUD H WUDVHLUD '( *5$032 ( 255(,$6 e FRLVD DQWLJD 1DVFHX SDUD HTXLSDU DV ELNHV GH FRUULGD QR SULQFtSLR GR VpFXOR SDVVDGR RP RV SpV SUHVRV QRV SHGDLV R FLFOLVWD SURGX] PDLV HQHUJLD SRLV HOH WDPEpP SX[D R SHGDO SDUD FLPD GXUDQWH D SHGDODGD 2V SpV ILFDP SUHVRV QR JUDPSR H QDV FRUUHLDV $SUHVHQWD VpULRV ULVFRV SRLV HP FDVR GH TXHGDV VH R Sp QmR GHVHQFDL[DU QR DWR GD TXHGD D ELNH DUUDVWD H SRGH IHULU VHULDPHQWH R FLFOLVWD +RMH H[LVWHP DLQGD ELNHV TXH YrP HTXLSDGDV FRP HVVH WLSR GH SHGDO
  • 118.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 119.
    '( (1$,;( $ HYROXomR GR SHGDO 2 VLVWHPD FOLSOHVV VHP JUDPSR HP LQJOrV
  • 120.
    WHYH VXD RULJHPQR HVTXL e VpULR 2V HVTXLDGRUHV GLVSXQKDP GH XP VLVWHPD GH HQFDL[H GH VHXV SpV VREUH R HVTXL 2V LWDOLDQRV GD LQHOOL IRUDP RV SULPHLURV D XVDUHP D FDEHoD H FRORFDUHP HQFDL[H QR SHGDO GH ELNH 2 SHGDO LQHOOL V 0 IRL R SULPHLUR SHGDO GH HQFDL[H D VHU FRQKHFLGR QR LQtFLR GD GpFDGD GH 2V SHGDLV GH HQFDL[H VmR PXLWR VHJXURV H VH GHVSUHQGHP UDSLGLQKR GRV SpV PHVPR HP FDVR GH TXHGDV UiSLGDV H LQHVSHUDGDV )XQFLRQDP FRP XPD SHoD TXH p SDUDIXVDGD j VDSDWLOKD RV WDTXLQKRV RX SDWLOKDV HP 3RUWXJDO
  • 121.
    TXH VH HQFDL[DPDRV SHGDLV H Dt ILFDP SUHVRV FRP R DX[tOLR GH PRODV WHQVRUDV 6y VDHP TXDQGR R FLFOLVWD IL]HU PRYLPHQWR ODWHUDO SDUD GLUHLWD RX HVTXHUGD
  • 122.
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  • 123.
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  • 160.
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  • 444.
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  • 446.
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  • 447.
    DUORV $OEHUWR ±XUVRV H $SRVWLODV 'LJLWDLV KWWSZZZTXHEDUDWRFRPEULQIRORMDDQXQFLRV (PDLO FDUORVPNWQHW#KRWPDLOFRP )RQH
  • 448.
    UHWLUDGRV RV SHGLYHODVH R PRYLPHQWR FHQWUDO 2 SUy[LPR SDVVR p UHWLUDU RV IUHLRV H RV FDERV D PHVD MXQWR FRPR JXLGmR
  • 449.
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  • 450.
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  • 451.
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  • 452.
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  • 453.
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  • 454.
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  • 455.
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  • 456.
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  • 457.
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  • 458.
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  • 459.
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  • 460.
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  • 461.
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  • 462.
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  • 463.
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  • 469.
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  • 470.
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  • 471.
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  • 472.
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  • 473.
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  • 474.
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  • 475.
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  • 535.
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  • 536.
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  • 537.
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  • 538.
    $ QXPHUDomR pIHLWD FRP SXQo}HV GH OHWUDV H Q~PHURV TXH DR VHUHP PDUWHODGRV FRQWUD D VXSHUItFLH PHWiOLFD PDUFDPQD HP EDL[R UHOHYR 6H VXD ELFLFOHWD WLYHU XP Q~PHUR GHVVH WLSR FROH VREUH HOH XPD HWLTXHWD DXWR DGHVLYD EUDQFD H HVIUHJXH JUDILWH GH OiSLV QD HWLTXHWD 'HVVD IRUPD R Q~PHUR VHUi GHFDOFDGR QD HWLTXHWD 5HPRYD D HWLTXHWD FXLGDGRVDPHQWH FROHD QXP SDSHO H JXDUGH QXPD SDVWD 'DTXL SUD IUHQWH WRGD D GRFXPHQWDomR TXH SXGHU VHU REWLGD EHP FRPR DV IRWRJUDILDV VHUmR JXDUGDGDV QHVVD SDVWD 1R SDVVDGR HUDP FRPXQV FRURDV SHUVRQDOL]DGDV GH FDGD PDUFD QD IRWR XPD 3KLOOLSV 6HOLP LQJOrV GD PDUFD %URRNV 6XSRUWH GH IDURO DFKLPER
  • 539.
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  • 540.
    0DUFDV HP 3HoDV2EVHUYH DWHQWDPHQWH RV FXERV SHGDLV SHGLYHODV FRURDV DODYDQFDV GH IUHLRV JXLGmR kQFRUDV GH IUHLRV DURV HWF 6H SRVVXtUHP PDUFDV RX LQVFULo}HV HP EDL[R UHOHYR GHFDOTXHDV FRP D PHVPD WpFQLFD TXH IRL DGRWDGD FRP R Q~PHUR GH VpULH $OJXPDV LQVFLUo}HV Vy SRGHUmR VHU GHFDOFDGDV DSyV D GHVPRQWDJHP 'HL[H R GHFDOTXH GHODV SDUD GHSRLV PDV QmR VH HVTXHoD GH H[HFXWiOR %UDV}HV 0XLWRV IDEULFDQWHV QR SDVVDGR DOpP GR OHWUHLUR FRP R PDUFD SLQWDGR RX DGHVLYDGR XWLOL]DYDP DLQGD XP EUDVmR UHELWDGR QD SDUWH IURQWDO GD FDL[D GH GLUHomR $OJXQV EUDV}HV HUDP SLQWDGRV VREUH D FKDSD RXWURV HUDP HP UHOHYR 6H IRUHP GR VHJXQGR WLSR WDPEpP SRGHP H GHYHP VHU GHFDOFDGRV RP WRGD D GRFXPHQWDomR HP PmRV SRGHPRV LQLFLDU R SURFHVVR GH LGHQWLILFDomRGDWDomR 2 SULPHLUR SDVVR p SURFXUDU GDGRV GR IDEULFDQWH QD ,QWHUQHW DWUDYpV GH XP VLWH GH EXVFD FRPR R *RRJOH SRU H[HPSOR ZZZJRRJOHFRP
  • 541.
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  • 542.
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  • 543.
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  • 544.
    6LWH QRYDLRUTXLQR FRPEHOtVVLPDV IRWRV GH ELFLFOHWDV DQWLJDV $ VXESiJLQD GH FRURDV ³FKDLQULQJV´
  • 545.
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  • 546.
    8P GRV VLWHVPDLV SRSXODUHV VREUH FLFOLVPR QD ,QWHUQHW 1mR p XP VLWH HVSHFtILFR VREUH ELFLFOHWDV DQWLJDV PDV R ³PDJR´ 6KHOGRQ %URZQ Gi GLFDV LPSRUWDQWtVVLPDV HP UHVWDXUDomR SULQFLSDOPHQWH GRV FXERV GH PDUFKDV 6WXUPH$UFKHU %LFLFOHWDV $QWLJDV ZZZELFLFOHWDVDQWLJDVFRPEU
  • 547.
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  • 548.
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  • 549.
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  • 550.
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  • 551.
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