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Opportunities for improving dairy production in Burundi: Experience from the ILRI ADGG program
The document discusses the opportunities and challenges in improving dairy production in Burundi through the ILRI ADGG program. It highlights key issues such as climate change, limited access to resources, and the need for innovative ICT and genomic technologies to increase productivity among smallholder farmers. The ADGG program aims to provide better genetics and education services to farmers, ensuring sustainable improvements in the dairy sector.
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Opportunities for improving dairy production in Burundi: Experience from the ILRI ADGG program
- 1. Better livesthrough livestock Opportunitiesfor improving dairy production in Burundi Experience from the ILRI ADGG program Workshoponsustainable development of Burundi's dairy sector - PRDAIGL November 2,2022 Julie Ojango, ChinyereEkine-Dzivenu. Livestock Genetics International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI)
- 2. 2 Statistics on Burundi HumanPopulation2022: 12.8 million Populationgrowth rate: 2.7% Number of small-scalefarmers: 1.6 million Cattle population2020 (FAOSTAT):628,000 Dairy cattle population? Main breeds for dairy production: crossbreds Average milk production per animal: 6 litres/day
- 3. 3 Cattle production inAfrica ▪ Population of indigenous animals whose performance and characteristics are not well documented ▪ Introductionof high producing exotic animals irrespective of prevailing environmentalconditions ▪ Indiscriminate crossbreeding
- 4. 4 Challenges to cattleproduction ▪ Small scale of production with high transaction costs. ▪ Climate change! ▪ Limited feeds available ▪ Endemic diseases ▪ Poor Infrastructure ▪ Lack of data and information systems to inform management decisions ▪ Weak institutions
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- 7. Forgetting that tochange this….
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- 9. Or to changethis….
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- 11. 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 1955 1960 19651970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year Kg ECM Swedish Red (SRB) Swedish Holstein (SLB) 2% total increase per year 1-1.5% geneticchangeper year Annual milk yield for SRB & SLB cows 1955-2005 Took Time and Effort
- 12. 12 Consequences of lowproduction levels Methane emission per kilogram of milk is about 4 times higher in the top herds than in herds thatproduce an averageof 2000kg of milk
- 13. 13 How can wechange the current status?
- 14. 14 Challenges facing dairyproducers in Africa • Farmersdo not haveaccess to productiveand adapted livestock seedstockthat best suit their production systems • Access to various services and inputsis inadequate,hencegains in productivity in one generation cannot be sustained in the next one • Farmershave very limited access to informationto enable them extract optimum benefitsfor their dairy enterprises • No systematicand sustainable breedingor selectiontaking place Huge differences in productivity by dairy animals in the different farming systems
- 15. 15 Addressing the challenges facingsmall holder livestock (dairy) systems through innovative application of ICT and genomic technology What is the African Genetic GainProgramabout?
- 16. 16 About ADGG continued…. ADGG‘s vision is to see that African smallholder dairyfarmers are continuouslyaccessingmore productive dairygenetics,breedingand farmer education services and other related input services enablingtheirfarmingenterprises to be profitable and competitive. ADGG is designed to address key challenges facingthe smallholder dairy systems through innovativeuse of genomics and digital information technology ADGG’s work includes developingbreedingvalues,to drivenational breeding schemes, usingperformance data collected in the farmer production environments ADDG works in collaboration with key actors: Farmer organizations,Research institutions,National Livestock seed regulators, National Agricultural Research and Extension Systems
- 17. 17 ADGG approach o Digitalplatforms for on-farm performance tracking o Decision-support and Farmer-to-Farmer performance benchmarking o Smart use of records & genomics tools for selection and AI service delivery Establish nationaldata managementplatforms • Milk Yield • Milk composition • Weight • Reproductive Performance • Heat tolerance • Survival rates • Lactation persistency • Mastitis incidences • Disease tolerance • Methane emission • Adaptability Indices o Target appropriate genotypes to the agro-ecology o Use young bulls with a focus on production & adaptation o Local feed/fodder resource use efficiency Identify Genotypes adapted to local agro-ecology Economically and Environmentally relevant Traits Adapted, and Genetically superior "seed” animals for local production systems Accelerate on-farm genetic gains
- 18. •Farmingsystems characteristics •Characteristics ofdairy animals on farms •Monitor animal performance •Monitor use of technologies (eg Artificial Insemination,vaccination) •Service providers Data capture Country Data platforms Data Extraction API Management System Administration Data Validation DATA PLATFORM Data Feedback systems •Customizeddata summaries •Genomic evaluation •Customizedindexes foranimal selection Analytics •Managing reproduction •Managing calves at different stages •Usinglivestock data fordecisions •Managing animal health E-Learningtools • i-Cow • Interherd+ Other data bases The ADGG Platform The ADGG landing page: https://portal.adgg.ilri.org/ An agile, robust, flexible & scalable system
- 19. Phone-basedtools& Apps Medium andlarge-scale farm datacapture
- 20. 20 Achievements: Herds andanimals registered in Ethiopia and Tanzania 1863 23321 53417 69101 70750 71942 6458 19898 27296 33324 33502 33693 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Number of records Animals Ethiopia Animals Tanzania Herds Ethiopia Herds Tanzania
- 21. 21 Breeds reared indifferent regions
- 22. Visualizationtoolsfor partners e.g.-for NAICs
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- 24. 24 • ILRI directorgeneral, Jimmy Smith (left) and Minister for Livestock and Fisheries Luhaga Mpina (2nd to left) present the award for best bull at a special bull and cow show at the Nane Nane exhibition center in Dodoma, Tanzania, June 2019. Photo ILR Milestones& Achievements • Ethiopia First dairy animal parade held on Tuesday March 30, 2020, Fikiru Regessa, State Minister of Agriculture (extreme left), Selam Meseret ADGG Ethiopia National Coordinator (middle), and Asrat Tera, Director General of National Animal Genetics Institute (NAGII) Ethiopia.
- 25. 25 Genotyping • In 2018,about 5600 animals sampled • GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) Bovine 50K used for genotyping • 40581 SNPs imputed to high density • In 2022 an additional 3000 animals sampled for genotyping per country Index for selecting seed animals • Index developed using results from genomic evaluation to improve milk production without increasing body weight
- 26. 26 Sustainability options Core innovations Breeding Herdhealth Feed &forage Capacity development Enabling environment Integratedtechnologies,knowledge & services R4D Programs promote innovation packages through DFAs Systems that support access to inputs & services (including DFA/extension service) Innovative Value Chain Financing – farm operational capital & input/service providers AI/AH Technician Input suppliers Cooperatives Smallholder farmers own less than 3 milking animals Dairy Farmer Assistant (DFA) A shared manager - trains farmers/manages herds & catalyze technology demand Services, data, information Digitally Enabled Enterprises
- 27. 27 ✓ Sufficientvariations existwithin smallholder livestock populations to allow for significant genetic gains ✓ National livestock identification& recordingfor smallholder systemsis feasible ✓ Genetic improvement is long term and should be a continuousactivity (Not projects!) ✓ Inter-institutional& country collaborationand joint evaluationsadds value ✓ Public investmentsand private partnershipsare needed (Farmersare the criticalpartners) for sustainability Data Information/Evidence Knowledge Services/businesses Take home message… ✓ ICT, genomic tools and reproductivetechnologies present new opportunities to hasten genetic gains in low and middle income countries ✓ ICT technologieshave provided a greatopportunity to crowdsourceanimal performance data from smallholder farmers in Africa ✓ Genomic evaluation of animals in smallholder systems helps accelerateidentificationand use of superior animals ✓ Digital farmer extension and feedback systemsare catalyzingdesired change in smallholder dairy production
- 28. 28 SeveralDigitaltoolsavailable https://hdl.handle.net/10568/110179 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/110180 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/98250 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/108942 Dairy tool: https://m.learn.ink/ilri) ADGGPlatform-help Module: https://portal.adgg.ilri.org/sites/default/files/ADGG- platform-help-module.pdf - Helpingyour cow to calve: https://my.learn.ink/course/219ccf98-a46c-4d6a-8dcc- a15685a65643 - Basic Hygienefor dairy farmers: https://my.learn.ink/course/8773682a-2c0c-4571- a429-ea9bdc56ca11
- 29. 29 Partners Dairy Farmers &Farmer organizations National/regional Institutions/govts.
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