Database language
Download as pptx, pdf12 likes13,839 views
This document discusses database languages used in database management systems (DBMS). It describes three types of database languages: data definition language (DDL) used to define and modify the database schema; data manipulation language (DML) used to insert, update, delete and retrieve data; and data control language (DCL) used to control access privileges. Examples are provided for common statements in each language type like CREATE, ALTER, DROP for DDL and INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, SELECT for DML. Case sensitivity and data types are also briefly covered.
1 of 9
Downloaded 347 times
Ad
Recommended
database language ppt.pptx
database language ppt.pptxAnusha sivakumar This document provides information about different types of database languages. It discusses database definition languages (DDL) which are used to define the database structure, data manipulation languages (DML) which are used to retrieve and modify data, data control languages (DCL) which control security and access, and transaction control languages (TCL) which manage transactions. Examples of commands for each language type are provided, such as CREATE, ALTER, and DROP for DDL and SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE for DML.
DBMS and its Models
DBMS and its ModelsAhmadShah Sultani The document discusses database management systems and data modeling. It begins by defining key terms like data, databases, database management systems, and data models. It then provides a brief history of database development from the 1960s to the 1980s. The rest of the document discusses database concepts in more detail, including components of a DBMS, types of database users, database administration responsibilities, data modeling techniques, and the evolution of different data models.
Database management functions
Database management functionsyhen06 A database management system (DBMS) is software that manages databases and allows for data storage, retrieval, security, and administration. A DBMS defines and manages data structures, stores data and metadata, provides data access, ensures data integrity and security, and supports data recovery. It allows users and applications to interact with the database through query languages and provides utilities to create, maintain, and monitor the database.
Dbms slides
Dbms slidesrahulrathore725 This document discusses the key components of a database system including applications, file systems, data views, query processors, users and administrators, data languages, transaction management, and storage managers. It provides examples of common database applications and describes how data is abstracted at the physical, logical, and view levels. It also explains the roles of DDL, DML, transactions, and storage managers in database design and management.
DBMS & RDBMS (PPT)
DBMS & RDBMS (PPT)Krushang Thakor Database Management system and Relational Database management System Difference.
Role of database Manager ?
Data Base Management System
Data Base Management SystemDr. C.V. Suresh Babu The document introduces databases and database management systems (DBMS). It discusses that a DBMS is software that allows users to create, access, and manage data and databases. A DBMS is made up of four main components: users, a database, database applications, and the DBMS itself. The DBMS controls access to the database and enforces rules like security and data integrity. It also discusses some advantages of using a DBMS like improved data sharing and consistency.
Unit 1 DBMS
Unit 1 DBMSDhivyaSubramaniyam This document provides an overview of CS8492 - Database Management Systems course objectives and content. The course aims to teach fundamental database concepts including data models, relational databases, SQL, transaction processing, and storage techniques. It covers topics such as the relational model, keys, normalization, database architecture, languages, and integrity constraints. The document also provides examples and definitions of relational database concepts.
Introduction to database
Introduction to databasePradnya Saval DBMS stands for Database Management System. A DBMS allows for the storage and management of data in an organized manner. It uses tables to store data with rows and columns, where each row represents a record or tuple of data. Entities, attributes, keys, and relationships help define the structure and integrity of data within the database. The three schema architecture separates the physical storage, logical design, and external user views to provide data independence and abstraction between different levels.
Relational model
Relational modelDabbal Singh Mahara The document discusses the relational database model. It was introduced in 1970 and became popular due to its simplicity and mathematical foundation. The model represents data as relations (tables) with rows (tuples) and columns (attributes). Keys such as primary keys and foreign keys help define relationships between tables and enforce integrity constraints. The relational model provides a standardized way of structuring data through its use of relations, attributes, tuples and keys.
Characteristic of dabase approach
Characteristic of dabase approachLuina Pani The key characteristics of the database approach include: self-describing metadata that defines the database structure; insulation between programs and data through program-data and program-operation independence; data abstraction through conceptual data representation; support for multiple views of the data; and sharing of data through multiuser transaction processing that allows concurrent access while maintaining isolation and atomicity.
Relational database 
Relational database Megha Sharma The document discusses relational databases and relational database management systems (RDBMS). It defines key concepts like relations, entities, attributes, and relationships between tables. It explains how data is stored in rows and columns. It also discusses relational database languages including data definition language (DDL) for specifying database schema, data manipulation language (DML) for accessing and manipulating data, data control language (DCL) for user access control, and transaction control language (TCL) for transaction management.
Database recovery
Database recoveryVritti Malhotra Database recovery is the process of restoring a database to its most recent consistent state before a failure occurred. The purpose is to preserve the ACID properties of transactions and bring the database back to the last consistent state prior to the failure. Database failures can occur due to transaction failures, system failures, or media failures. A good recovery plan is important for making a quick recovery from failures.
DML, DDL, DCL ,DRL/DQL and TCL Statements in SQL with Examples
DML, DDL, DCL ,DRL/DQL and TCL Statements in SQL with ExamplesLGS, GBHS&IC, University Of South-Asia, TARA-Technologies SQL language includes four primary statement types: DML, DDL, DCL, and TCL. DML statements manipulate data within tables using operations like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. DDL statements define and modify database schema using commands like CREATE, ALTER, and DROP. DCL statements control user access privileges with GRANT and REVOKE. TCL statements manage transactions with COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT to maintain data integrity.
Dbms relational model
Dbms relational modelChirag vasava “A DBMS that manages data as collection of tables in which all data relationships are represented by common values in related tables.”
Enhanced Entity-Relationship (EER) Modeling
Enhanced Entity-Relationship (EER) Modelingsontumax Introduction to Databases and Database Users. Basic knowledge of database. It is related to mySql so it's good to start from here.
Week 3 Classification of Database Management Systems & Data Modeling
Week 3 Classification of Database Management Systems & Data Modelingoudesign The document discusses different types of database management systems and data models. It provides information on the following:
- The relational data model is the most commonly used model today and is supported by popular DBMS like Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, and MySQL.
- Other traditional models like hierarchical and network models are not commonly used now due to their complexity.
- The advantages of data models include increased effectiveness, reduced costs, simplicity, minimum redundancy, data integrity, independence, faster performance, reduced errors and risks.
- The types of data models discussed are hierarchical, network, relational, E-R and object oriented models. The characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of each model are described
All data models in dbms
All data models in dbmsNaresh Kumar This document discusses different data models used in database management systems including record-based, relational, network, hierarchical, and entity-relationship models. It provides details on each model such as how data is organized. A record-based model uses fixed-length records and fields. The relational model organizes data into tables with rows and columns. The network model links entities through multiple paths in a graph structure. The hierarchical model arranges data in a tree structure. Finally, the entity-relationship model views the real world as entities and relationships between entities.
SQL commands
SQL commandsGirdharRatne in this presentation the commands let you help to understand the basic of the database system software. how to retrieve data, how to feed data and manipulate it very efficiently by using this commands.
Rdbms
RdbmsMuhammad Adeel Rajput ~!!! Please Remember in my prayers May Almighty Allah or God bless you all with great happiness Ameen. !!!~
Database design
Database designJennifer Polack The document discusses the entity-relationship (ER) model for conceptual database design. It describes the basic constructs of the ER model including entities, attributes, relationships, keys, and various modeling choices. The ER model is useful for capturing the semantics of an application domain and producing a conceptual schema before logical and physical design.
Object Oriented Database Management System
Object Oriented Database Management SystemAjay Jha An Introduction to Architecture of Object Oriented Database Management System and how it differs from RDBMS means Relational Database Management System
Data models
Data modelsUsman Tariq This document provides an overview of data modeling concepts. It discusses the importance of data modeling, the basic building blocks of data models including entities, attributes, and relationships. It also covers different types of data models such as conceptual, logical, and physical models. The document discusses relational and non-relational data models as well as emerging models like object-oriented, XML, and big data models. Business rules and their role in database design are also summarized.
Entity Relationship Diagrams
Entity Relationship Diagramssadique_ghitm Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) are conceptual data models used in software engineering to model information systems. ERDs represent entities as rectangles, attributes as ellipses, and relationships as diamonds connecting entities. Attributes can be single-valued, multi-valued, composite, or derived. Relationships have cardinality like one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many. Participation constraints and Codd's 12 rules of relational databases are also discussed in the document.
Data science unit1
Data science unit1varshakumar21 1. The document provides an overview of key concepts in data science and machine learning including the data science process, types of data, machine learning techniques, and Python tools used for machine learning.
2. It describes the typical 6 step data science process: setting goals, data retrieval, data preparation, exploration, modeling, and presentation.
3. Different types of data are discussed including structured, unstructured, machine-generated, graph-based, and audio/video data.
4. Machine learning techniques can be supervised, unsupervised, or semi-supervised depending on whether labeled data is used.
Integrity Constraints
Integrity ConstraintsMegha yadav Integrity constraints are rules used to maintain data quality and ensure accuracy in a relational database. The main types of integrity constraints are domain constraints, which define valid value sets for attributes; NOT NULL constraints, which enforce non-null values; UNIQUE constraints, which require unique values; and CHECK constraints, which specify value ranges. Referential integrity links data between tables through foreign keys, preventing orphaned records. Integrity constraints are enforced by the database to guard against accidental data damage.
Elmasri Navathe DBMS Unit-1 ppt
Elmasri Navathe DBMS Unit-1 pptAbhinavPandey274499 This document is from a textbook on database systems. It introduces fundamental concepts such as what a database is, the role of database management systems, and typical database functionality including defining schemas, loading data, querying, and concurrency control. It also discusses different types of database users and the advantages of the database approach such as data sharing and integrity enforcement. Examples of entity-relationship diagrams and database relations are provided to illustrate conceptual data modeling.
FUNCTION DEPENDENCY AND TYPES & EXAMPLE
FUNCTION DEPENDENCY AND TYPES & EXAMPLEVraj Patel Functional dependency defines a relationship between attributes in a table where a set of attributes determine another attribute. There are different types of functional dependencies including trivial, non-trivial, multivalued, and transitive. An example given is a student table with attributes Stu_Id, Stu_Name, Stu_Age which has the functional dependency of Stu_Id->Stu_Name since the student ID uniquely identifies the student name.
Dbms architecture
Dbms architectureShubham Dwivedi Dbms architecture
Three level architecture is also called ANSI/SPARC architecture or three schema architecture
This framework is used for describing the structure of specific database systems (small systems may not support all aspects of the architecture)
In this architecture the database schemas can be defined at three levels explained in next slide
Relational Database Design
Relational Database DesignArchit Saxena The document provides an overview of databases and database design. It defines what a database is, what databases do, and the components of database systems and applications. It discusses the database design process, including identifying fields, tables, keys, and relationships between tables. The document also covers database modeling techniques, normalization to eliminate redundant or inefficient data storage, and functional dependencies as constraints on attribute values.
Relational Database Design - Lecture 4 - Introduction to Databases (1007156ANR)
Relational Database Design - Lecture 4 - Introduction to Databases (1007156ANR)Beat Signer This document discusses relational database design and normalization. It outlines two major design approaches: top-down design which develops a conceptual model like an ER diagram and maps it to relational schemas, and bottom-up design which uses normalization to iteratively decompose relations. The document then describes how to map different ER model concepts like entities, attributes, and relationships to relational schemas. It also discusses functional dependencies, normalization forms, and how normalization can be used to remove redundancies and anomalies from relational schemas.
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Relational model
Relational modelDabbal Singh Mahara The document discusses the relational database model. It was introduced in 1970 and became popular due to its simplicity and mathematical foundation. The model represents data as relations (tables) with rows (tuples) and columns (attributes). Keys such as primary keys and foreign keys help define relationships between tables and enforce integrity constraints. The relational model provides a standardized way of structuring data through its use of relations, attributes, tuples and keys.
Characteristic of dabase approach
Characteristic of dabase approachLuina Pani The key characteristics of the database approach include: self-describing metadata that defines the database structure; insulation between programs and data through program-data and program-operation independence; data abstraction through conceptual data representation; support for multiple views of the data; and sharing of data through multiuser transaction processing that allows concurrent access while maintaining isolation and atomicity.
Relational database
Relational database Megha Sharma The document discusses relational databases and relational database management systems (RDBMS). It defines key concepts like relations, entities, attributes, and relationships between tables. It explains how data is stored in rows and columns. It also discusses relational database languages including data definition language (DDL) for specifying database schema, data manipulation language (DML) for accessing and manipulating data, data control language (DCL) for user access control, and transaction control language (TCL) for transaction management.
Database recovery
Database recoveryVritti Malhotra Database recovery is the process of restoring a database to its most recent consistent state before a failure occurred. The purpose is to preserve the ACID properties of transactions and bring the database back to the last consistent state prior to the failure. Database failures can occur due to transaction failures, system failures, or media failures. A good recovery plan is important for making a quick recovery from failures.
DML, DDL, DCL ,DRL/DQL and TCL Statements in SQL with Examples
DML, DDL, DCL ,DRL/DQL and TCL Statements in SQL with ExamplesLGS, GBHS&IC, University Of South-Asia, TARA-Technologies SQL language includes four primary statement types: DML, DDL, DCL, and TCL. DML statements manipulate data within tables using operations like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. DDL statements define and modify database schema using commands like CREATE, ALTER, and DROP. DCL statements control user access privileges with GRANT and REVOKE. TCL statements manage transactions with COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT to maintain data integrity.
Dbms relational model
Dbms relational modelChirag vasava “A DBMS that manages data as collection of tables in which all data relationships are represented by common values in related tables.”
Enhanced Entity-Relationship (EER) Modeling
Enhanced Entity-Relationship (EER) Modelingsontumax Introduction to Databases and Database Users. Basic knowledge of database. It is related to mySql so it's good to start from here.
Week 3 Classification of Database Management Systems & Data Modeling
Week 3 Classification of Database Management Systems & Data Modelingoudesign The document discusses different types of database management systems and data models. It provides information on the following:
- The relational data model is the most commonly used model today and is supported by popular DBMS like Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, and MySQL.
- Other traditional models like hierarchical and network models are not commonly used now due to their complexity.
- The advantages of data models include increased effectiveness, reduced costs, simplicity, minimum redundancy, data integrity, independence, faster performance, reduced errors and risks.
- The types of data models discussed are hierarchical, network, relational, E-R and object oriented models. The characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of each model are described
All data models in dbms
All data models in dbmsNaresh Kumar This document discusses different data models used in database management systems including record-based, relational, network, hierarchical, and entity-relationship models. It provides details on each model such as how data is organized. A record-based model uses fixed-length records and fields. The relational model organizes data into tables with rows and columns. The network model links entities through multiple paths in a graph structure. The hierarchical model arranges data in a tree structure. Finally, the entity-relationship model views the real world as entities and relationships between entities.
SQL commands
SQL commandsGirdharRatne in this presentation the commands let you help to understand the basic of the database system software. how to retrieve data, how to feed data and manipulate it very efficiently by using this commands.
Rdbms
RdbmsMuhammad Adeel Rajput ~!!! Please Remember in my prayers May Almighty Allah or God bless you all with great happiness Ameen. !!!~
Database design
Database designJennifer Polack The document discusses the entity-relationship (ER) model for conceptual database design. It describes the basic constructs of the ER model including entities, attributes, relationships, keys, and various modeling choices. The ER model is useful for capturing the semantics of an application domain and producing a conceptual schema before logical and physical design.
Object Oriented Database Management System
Object Oriented Database Management SystemAjay Jha An Introduction to Architecture of Object Oriented Database Management System and how it differs from RDBMS means Relational Database Management System
Data models
Data modelsUsman Tariq This document provides an overview of data modeling concepts. It discusses the importance of data modeling, the basic building blocks of data models including entities, attributes, and relationships. It also covers different types of data models such as conceptual, logical, and physical models. The document discusses relational and non-relational data models as well as emerging models like object-oriented, XML, and big data models. Business rules and their role in database design are also summarized.
Entity Relationship Diagrams
Entity Relationship Diagramssadique_ghitm Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) are conceptual data models used in software engineering to model information systems. ERDs represent entities as rectangles, attributes as ellipses, and relationships as diamonds connecting entities. Attributes can be single-valued, multi-valued, composite, or derived. Relationships have cardinality like one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many. Participation constraints and Codd's 12 rules of relational databases are also discussed in the document.
Data science unit1
Data science unit1varshakumar21 1. The document provides an overview of key concepts in data science and machine learning including the data science process, types of data, machine learning techniques, and Python tools used for machine learning.
2. It describes the typical 6 step data science process: setting goals, data retrieval, data preparation, exploration, modeling, and presentation.
3. Different types of data are discussed including structured, unstructured, machine-generated, graph-based, and audio/video data.
4. Machine learning techniques can be supervised, unsupervised, or semi-supervised depending on whether labeled data is used.
Integrity Constraints
Integrity ConstraintsMegha yadav Integrity constraints are rules used to maintain data quality and ensure accuracy in a relational database. The main types of integrity constraints are domain constraints, which define valid value sets for attributes; NOT NULL constraints, which enforce non-null values; UNIQUE constraints, which require unique values; and CHECK constraints, which specify value ranges. Referential integrity links data between tables through foreign keys, preventing orphaned records. Integrity constraints are enforced by the database to guard against accidental data damage.
Elmasri Navathe DBMS Unit-1 ppt
Elmasri Navathe DBMS Unit-1 pptAbhinavPandey274499 This document is from a textbook on database systems. It introduces fundamental concepts such as what a database is, the role of database management systems, and typical database functionality including defining schemas, loading data, querying, and concurrency control. It also discusses different types of database users and the advantages of the database approach such as data sharing and integrity enforcement. Examples of entity-relationship diagrams and database relations are provided to illustrate conceptual data modeling.
FUNCTION DEPENDENCY AND TYPES & EXAMPLE
FUNCTION DEPENDENCY AND TYPES & EXAMPLEVraj Patel Functional dependency defines a relationship between attributes in a table where a set of attributes determine another attribute. There are different types of functional dependencies including trivial, non-trivial, multivalued, and transitive. An example given is a student table with attributes Stu_Id, Stu_Name, Stu_Age which has the functional dependency of Stu_Id->Stu_Name since the student ID uniquely identifies the student name.
Dbms architecture
Dbms architectureShubham Dwivedi Dbms architecture
Three level architecture is also called ANSI/SPARC architecture or three schema architecture
This framework is used for describing the structure of specific database systems (small systems may not support all aspects of the architecture)
In this architecture the database schemas can be defined at three levels explained in next slide
DML, DDL, DCL ,DRL/DQL and TCL Statements in SQL with Examples
DML, DDL, DCL ,DRL/DQL and TCL Statements in SQL with ExamplesLGS, GBHS&IC, University Of South-Asia, TARA-Technologies
Viewers also liked (15)
Relational Database Design
Relational Database DesignArchit Saxena The document provides an overview of databases and database design. It defines what a database is, what databases do, and the components of database systems and applications. It discusses the database design process, including identifying fields, tables, keys, and relationships between tables. The document also covers database modeling techniques, normalization to eliminate redundant or inefficient data storage, and functional dependencies as constraints on attribute values.
Relational Database Design - Lecture 4 - Introduction to Databases (1007156ANR)
Relational Database Design - Lecture 4 - Introduction to Databases (1007156ANR)Beat Signer This document discusses relational database design and normalization. It outlines two major design approaches: top-down design which develops a conceptual model like an ER diagram and maps it to relational schemas, and bottom-up design which uses normalization to iteratively decompose relations. The document then describes how to map different ER model concepts like entities, attributes, and relationships to relational schemas. It also discusses functional dependencies, normalization forms, and how normalization can be used to remove redundancies and anomalies from relational schemas.
Indexing and hashing
Indexing and hashingJeet Poria This document summarizes indexing and hashing techniques for database systems. It describes ordered indices like B-trees that store index entries in sorted order, and hash indices that distribute entries uniformly across buckets. B+-tree index files are introduced as an improvement over indexed-sequential files that automatically reorganizes with small local changes, avoiding the need to periodically reorganize the entire file. The structure and properties of B+-tree nodes and trees are defined.
Relational Algebra-Database Systems
Relational Algebra-Database Systemsjakodongo The document discusses relational algebra, which is a formal language used to query and manipulate relations in a relational database. It describes the basic operations in relational algebra like selection, projection, join, union, set difference, etc. and provides examples of how to write queries using each of these operations.
Database management system basic, database, database management, learn databa...
Database management system basic, database, database management, learn databa...University of Science and Technology Chitttagong The slide was made about Basic Database Management system.
If you are a new student for Database Management then you should read this slide. by this slide you can easily gather a quick knowledge about database Management system. so now open this slide and read it.
Relational algebra in dbms
Relational algebra in dbmsshekhar1991 Relational Algebra is a procedural query language consisting of a set of operations that take one or two relations as input and produce a new relation as output. The fundamental operations in Relational Algebra are selection, projection, union, set difference, cartesian product, and join. Selection chooses tuples that meet a selection condition, projection chooses attributes from a relation, union includes all tuples from two relations, set difference includes tuples from one relation not in another, cartesian product creates all combinations of tuples from two relations, and join compounds similar tuples from two relations.
Architecture of-dbms-and-data-independence
Architecture of-dbms-and-data-independenceAnuj Modi The document discusses the architecture of a database management system (DBMS). It describes the three levels of DBMS architecture: the external, conceptual, and internal views. The external view represents how individual users see the data. The conceptual view presents a common view of data for all users. The internal view describes the physical storage and organization of data. This three-level architecture provides data independence, where each level is isolated from changes in the other levels.
PLM Introduction
PLM IntroductionJayakumar Vadivelu PLM, or product lifecycle management, is a business strategy that manages a product from conception through design, manufacture, and disposal. It integrates people, processes, business systems, and product information across the entire lifecycle. PLM provides benefits like reduced time to market, lower costs, increased efficiency, and more secure access to product information for all stakeholders in the product development process. Implementing an effective PLM solution requires organizational change beyond just implementing new software.
Library management sytem
Library management sytemashu6 This document provides an overview of a proposed library management system. It describes the current manual system, limitations of the current system, and proposed automated system with advantages like faster retrieval and storage of information. It includes entity relationship diagram, data flow diagram, system flowchart, menu tree, report formats and Gantt chart for the project.
Database design & Normalization (1NF, 2NF, 3NF)
Database design & Normalization (1NF, 2NF, 3NF)Jargalsaikhan Alyeksandr The document discusses database design and relational database management systems. It covers key concepts like normalization, primary keys, foreign keys, and relationships between tables. Normalization is the process of organizing data to eliminate redundancy and ensure data is stored correctly. There are five normal forms with third normal form being sufficient for most applications. Tables are related through primary and foreign keys and different types of relationships can exist between tables like one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many.
Trigger
TriggerSlideshare Triggers are stored procedures that are automatically executed in response to certain events occurring on a particular table or view in a database, such as insert, update or delete statements. Triggers consist of an event, condition, and action. The event specifies when the trigger should fire, the condition is an optional filter to determine whether the trigger action should execute, and the action contains SQL statements or code that will execute in response to the triggering event if the condition evaluates to true. Triggers allow data integrity checks, auditing, and other actions to be performed automatically in response to data changes.
12. Indexing and Hashing in DBMS
12. Indexing and Hashing in DBMSkoolkampus The document discusses various indexing techniques used to improve data access performance in databases, including ordered indices like B-trees and B+-trees, as well as hashing techniques. It covers the basic concepts, data structures, operations, advantages and disadvantages of each approach. B-trees and B+-trees store index entries in sorted order to support range queries efficiently, while hashing distributes entries uniformly across buckets using a hash function but does not support ranges.
DBMS - Normalization
DBMS - NormalizationJitendra Tomar Normalization is a technique for designing relational database tables to minimize duplication of data and ensure data integrity. It involves organizing data into tables and establishing relationships between tables based on their attributes. There are several normal forms like 1NF, 2NF and 3NF that provide rules for table design to reduce anomalies and inconsistencies. Functional dependencies define relationships between attributes in a table, and normalization aims to remove non-key attributes that are functionally dependent on other attributes.
ERP Implementation Life Cycle
ERP Implementation Life CycleApurv Gourav The document outlines the key phases in an ERP implementation life cycle. The phases include pre-evaluation and screening of ERP packages, evaluation and selection of a package, project planning, gap analysis, reengineering business processes, training the implementation team and end users, testing the system, going live with the new ERP system, and post-implementation support. Successfully completing all phases is necessary for a company to fully realize the benefits of an integrated ERP system.
Business process reengineering
Business process reengineeringNeelkamal Sharma The document discusses business process reengineering (BPR). It defines BPR as the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements. The key is to focus on processes, not tasks or jobs. It outlines the 5 main activities of BPR: 1) Prepare for reengineering 2) Map and analyze the existing ("as-is") process 3) Design the new ("to-be") process 4) Implement the new process and 5) Continuously improve the process. It provides an example of how BPR was used to dramatically improve an insurance application approval process.
Database management system basic, database, database management, learn databa...
Database management system basic, database, database management, learn databa...University of Science and Technology Chitttagong
Ad
Similar to Database language (20)
Web app development_my_sql_08
Web app development_my_sql_08Hassen Poreya This document provides an overview of databases and the SQL language. It defines a database as a container for tables and other SQL structures. It describes the main components of a database management system (DBMS) including defining, constructing, manipulating, and sharing databases. It outlines the three sublanguages that make up SQL: data definition language (DDL) to create and modify database structures, data manipulation language (DML) to work with data, and data control language (DCL) for security. Examples are provided of commands to create tables, alter tables, drop tables, and insert, update, and delete data. Data types and an exercise to create sample tables are also included.
6.Database Languages lab-1.pptx
6.Database Languages lab-1.pptxAshokRachapalli1 Database languages are used to define, manipulate, and control access to data in a database management system. There are four main types of database languages: Data Definition Language (DDL) defines the database structure; Data Manipulation Language (DML) reads, inserts, updates, and deletes data; Data Control Language (DCL) controls user access privileges; and Transaction Control Language (TCL) manages transactions and rolling back or committing changes to the database.
Database Language.docx
Database Language.docxantonymwangi31 Database management systems use database languages to define the structure and manipulate data in a database. There are four main types of database languages: data definition language (DDL) used to define the database schema; data manipulation language (DML) used to insert, update, delete and retrieve data; data control language (DCL) used to control user privileges; and transaction control language (TCL) used to group DML statements into logical transactions and commit or rollback changes.
Database Languages.pptx
Database Languages.pptxMuhammadFarhan858304 Database languages allow developers to define, access, and manipulate data stored in databases. There are four main categories of database languages: data definition languages (DDL) are used to define database structure; data manipulation languages (DML) are used to insert, update, and retrieve data; data control languages (DCL) control user access and privileges; and transaction control languages (TCL) group statements into logical transactions and allow committing or rolling back changes. Common statements include CREATE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, COMMIT, and ROLLBACK.
DBMS languages/ Types of SQL Commands
DBMS languages/ Types of SQL CommandsBHARATH KUMAR DBMS languages/ Types of SQL Commands
Data Definition Language
Data Manipulation Language
Data Control Language
Transaction Control Language
An intoduction to sql and its components
An intoduction to sql and its componentsMonika Jain DAIMSR This document provides an introduction to SQL and its components. It defines SQL as a language for communicating with databases that uses a structure based on tables. The document outlines the learning objectives which are to understand SQL features, classify its components, differentiate between DDL and DML, and apply DML and DDL commands. It then discusses SQL features such as being a domain specific, declarative language used to manipulate and retrieve data from relational databases. The major SQL components covered are DDL for defining data structure, DML for manipulating data, DQL for querying data, DCL for controlling data access, and TCL for transaction management.
dbms gdjdjdjehdhdjjdjdudjdjdjdhhdhdbdhdhdh
dbms gdjdjdjehdhdjjdjdudjdjdjdhhdhdbdhdhdhsaisanthoshreddy143 This document discusses different languages used in database management systems. It describes Data Definition Language (DDL) which is used to define database structure and schema. It also describes Data Manipulation Language (DML) which handles user requests to access and manipulate data through queries like select, insert, update and delete. Additionally, it mentions Data Control Language (DCL) which retrieves stored data and controls access privileges and Transaction Control Language (TCL) which runs transactional changes made by DML statements.
ppt.pdf
ppt.pdfBrahmamKolli Structured Query Language (SQL) is used to define, manipulate, and retrieve data from a relational database. The main SQL commands are: Data Definition Language (DDL) to define schemas; Data Manipulation Language (DML) to add, modify and delete data; Data Control Language (DCL) to grant and revoke user privileges; Transaction Control Language (TCL) to commit and rollback transactions; and Data Query Language (DQL) to fetch data with SELECT statements. Common DDL commands are CREATE, ALTER, and DROP to create, modify, and remove tables. DML includes INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE to add, modify and remove rows.
Ddl vs dml
Ddl vs dmlshahbazalishahbaz This document provides information on a presentation about the differences between DDL and DML. The presentation will be given by Shahbaz Khan Lund, Inayatullah Panhwar, Faveed Ali Siyal, and Sayed Karamat Ali Shah. DDL is used to define and manage database objects like tables, while DML allows users to manipulate data within those objects using commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE. Sayyed Karamat Shah will demonstrate DDL and DML statements practically during the presentation.
SQL_NOTES.pdf
SQL_NOTES.pdfAnshumanDwivedi14 The document provides information about SQL (Structured Query Language). It defines SQL, describes what it is used for, lists some major RDBMS systems that use SQL, and explains that SQL allows users to query databases using English-like statements. It also discusses SQL basics like data definition language, data manipulation language, data control language, transaction control language, and data query language. Examples of SQL commands are provided for each along with explanations.
Database Management System (DBMS).pptx
Database Management System (DBMS).pptxGevitaChinnaiah DBMS stands for database management system. It is a software system that allows users to define, create, maintain and control access to a database. Key functions of a DBMS include data storage, organization, modification, retrieval and user administration. Some examples of popular DBMS are MySQL, Oracle and PostgreSQL. DBMS provides advantages like data consistency, security, concurrency and scalability over traditional file-based data storage.
our company has an opening for a junior database administrator. As a.pdf
our company has an opening for a junior database administrator. As a.pdfarshiartpalace our company has an opening for a junior database administrator. As a senior database
administrator, your manager has developed the following questions to ask potential new hires
and he wants you to provide the answers to the following questions so they can be forwarded to
Human Resources: Explain Data Manipulation Language (DML). What is the difference between
Data Definition Language (DDL) and Data Control Languages (DCL)? Provide an example of an
SQL query that creates and executes four individual tables; Student, Class, InstructorID, and
Room Number with not null and default constraints.
Solution
Data Manupulation Language(DML):
-->It permits the users to manipulate data in database.
-->manupulation involves in inserting data into database tables,retrieving existing data,
deleting data from eisting tables and modifying existing data.
-->It is mostly incorporated in SQL databases.
-->SELECT,UPDATE,INSERT INTO,DELETE commands comes under DML.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DDL: Data definition language
-->It is used to define the database structure or schema.
1)CREATE-It is used to create objects in database
2)ALTER - It is used to alters the structure of the database
3)DROP - It is used to delete objects from the database
4)TRUNCATE -It is used to remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated
for the records are removed
5)RENAME - It is used to rename an object
DCL:data control language
-->It is used to control the data in database
1)GRANT - It gives users access privileges to database.
2)REVOKE - It withdraw access privileges given with the GRANT command
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1)CREATE TABLE Student{
Student_name varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'Mouni\',
Student_Id int NOT NULL DEFAULT 10
}
CREATE TABLE Class{
Class_name varchar(15) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'CSE\'
InstructorId int NOT NULL DEFAULT \'100\'
}
CREATE TABLE InstructorID{
InstructorID int NOT NULL DEFAULT \'100\'
Instructor_name varchar(15) NOT NULL DEFAULT \'Thomson\'
}
CREATE TABLE Room{
Room_number int NOT NULL DEFAULT \'12A\'
Room_naem varchar(10) DEFAULT \'omega\'
}.
Himani uppal-221302130 WP ppt.pptx
Himani uppal-221302130 WP ppt.pptxMohitYadav889220 The document provides an overview of SQL commands, dividing them into three categories: DDL, DML, and DCL. DDL commands like CREATE, ALTER, and DROP are used to define the database schema. DML commands such as INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE are used to manipulate the data. DCL commands including GRANT and REVOKE control access privileges for the database. Examples of syntax are provided for many of the commands.
DDL And DML
DDL And DMLpnp @in This document discusses DML and DDL in SQL. DML is used to manipulate data in databases through statements like SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, and INSERT. It allows users to specify and modify data. DDL is used to define and modify database structures through statements like CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, and RENAME. DDL manages database schemas and DML manages the data. Both have advantages like shared data, integrity, security and efficiency.
BWU_BTA_22_403_Aishika Majumdar and all about cse
BWU_BTA_22_403_Aishika Majumdar and all about cseSandipPradhan23 nothing to say all about future engineering
1 ddl
1 ddlMr Patrick NIYISHAKA This document discusses SQL and its data types, data definition language (DDL), data manipulation language (DML), and data control language (DCL). It defines SQL as a standardized language for querying and updating databases and lists common SQL data types like string, numeric, and date/time. It describes DDL commands for creating, altering, and dropping database tables as well as adding, modifying, and removing columns.
SQL Training Institute in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centre
SQL Training Institute in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide SQL Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
IM02: Database Language
IM02: Database LanguageKelvin Chan This document discusses the different languages used to communicate with relational databases: DDL is used to define the database structure, DML manipulates data within schema objects like inserting and updating records, DCL controls user access privileges, and TCL manages transactions by committing or rolling back changes. It provides examples of commands for each type of language like CREATE and ALTER for DDL, SELECT and INSERT for DML, GRANT and REVOKE for DCL, and COMMIT and ROLLBACK for TCL.
Ad
Recently uploaded (20)
Types of Actions in Odoo 18 - Odoo Slides
Types of Actions in Odoo 18 - Odoo SlidesCeline George In Odoo, actions define the system's response to user interactions, like logging in or clicking buttons. They can be stored in the database or returned as dictionaries in methods. Odoo offers various action types for different purposes.
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) for Website Success
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) for Website SuccessMuneeb Rana Unlock the essentials of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) with this concise, visually driven PowerPoint. Inside you’ll find:
✅ Clear definitions and core concepts of SEO
✅ A breakdown of On‑Page, Off‑Page, and Technical SEO
✅ Actionable best‑practice checklists for keyword research, content optimization, and link building
✅ A quick‑start toolkit featuring Google Analytics, Search Console, Ahrefs, SEMrush, and Moz
✅ Real‑world case study demonstrating a 70 % organic‑traffic lift
✅ Common challenges, algorithm updates, and tips for long‑term success
Whether you’re a digital‑marketing student, small‑business owner, or PR professional, this deck will help you boost visibility, build credibility, and drive sustainable traffic. Download, share, and start optimizing today!
Forestry Model Exit Exam_2025_Wollega University, Gimbi Campus.pdf
Forestry Model Exit Exam_2025_Wollega University, Gimbi Campus.pdfChalaKelbessa This is Forestry Exit Exam Model for 2025 from Department of Forestry at Wollega University, Gimbi Campus.
The exam contains forestry courses such as Dendrology, Forest Seed and Nursery Establishment, Plantation Establishment and Management, Silviculture, Forest Mensuration, Forest Biometry, Agroforestry, Biodiversity Conservation, Forest Business, Forest Fore, Forest Protection, Forest Management, Wood Processing and others that are related to Forestry.
How to Configure Add to Cart in Odoo 18 Website
How to Configure Add to Cart in Odoo 18 WebsiteCeline George In this slide, we’ll discuss how to configure the Add to Cart functionality in the Odoo 18 Website. This feature enhances the shopping experience by offering three flexible options: Stay on the Product Page, Go to the Cart, or Let the User Decide through a dialog box.
প্রত্যুৎপন্নমতিত্ব - Prottutponnomotittwa 2025.pdf
প্রত্যুৎপন্নমতিত্ব - Prottutponnomotittwa 2025.pdfPragya - UEM Kolkata Quiz Club
Prottutponnomotittwa: A Quiz That Echoed the Pulse of Bengal
On the 31st of May, 2025, PRAGYA – The Official Quiz Club of UEM Kolkata – did not merely organize another quiz. It hosted an ode to Bengal — its people, its quirks, its politics, its art, its rebellion, its heritage. Titled Prottutponnomotittwa, the quiz stood as a metaphor for what Bengal truly is: sharp, intuitive, spontaneous, reflective. A cultural cosmos that thrives on instinct, memory, and emotion.
From the very first slide, it became clear — this wasn’t a quiz made to showcase difficulty or elitism. It was crafted with love — love for Bangla, for its past, present, and its ever-persistent contradictions.
The diversity of the answer list tells the real story of the quiz. The curation was not random. Each answer was a string on a veena of cultural resonance.
In the “Cultural Pairings” round, Anusheh Anadil and Arnob were placed not just as musicians, but as voices of a modern, cross-border Bangla. Their works, which blend baul, jazz, and urban folk, show how Bengal exists simultaneously in Dhaka and Shantiniketan.
The inclusion of Ritwik Chakraborty and Srijit Mukherjee (as a songwriter) showed how the quiz masters understood evolution. Bangla cinema isn’t frozen in the Ray-Ghatak past. It lives, argues, breaks molds — just like these men do.
From Kalyani Black Label to Radhunipagol Chal, consumer culture too had its place. One is liquid courage, the other culinary madness — both deeply Bengali.
The heart truly swelled when the answers touched upon Baidyanath Bhattacharya and Chandril. Both satirists, both sharp, both essential. It was not just about naming them — it was about understanding what different types of literature means in a Bengali context.
Titumir — the play about a peasant rebel who built his own bamboo fort and dared to challenge the British.
Krishnananda Agamvagisha — the mystical Tantric who shaped how we understand esoteric Bengali spiritualism.
Subhas Chandra Bose — the eternal enigma, the braveheart whose shadow looms large over Bengal’s political psyche.
Probashe Ghorkonna — a story lived by many Bengalis. The medinipur daughter, who made a wholesome family, not only in bengal, but across the borders. This answer wasn’t just information. It was emotion.
By the end, what lingered was not the scoreboard. It was a feeling.
The feeling of sitting in a room where Chalchitro meets Chabiwala, where Jamai Shosthi shares the stage with Gayatri Spivak, where Bhupen Hazarika sings with Hemanga Biswas, and where Alimuddin Road and Webskitters occupy the same mental map.
You don’t just remember questions from this quiz.
You remember how it made you feel.
You remember smiling at Keet Keet, nodding at Prabuddha Dasgupta, getting goosebumps at the mention of Bose, and tearing up quietly when someone got Radhunipagol Chal right.
This wasn’t a quiz.
This was an emotional ride of Bangaliyana.
This was — and will remain — Prottutponnomotittwa.
Stewart Butler - OECD - How to design and deliver higher technical education ...
Stewart Butler - OECD - How to design and deliver higher technical education ...EduSkills OECD Stewart Butler, Labour Market Economist at the OECD presents at the webinar 'How to design and deliver higher technical education to develop in-demand skills' on 3 June 2025. You can check out the webinar recording via our website - https://oecdedutoday.com/webinars/ .
You can check out the Higher Technical Education in England report via this link 👉 - https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/higher-technical-education-in-england-united-kingdom_7c00dff7-en.html
You can check out the pathways to professions report here 👉 https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/pathways-to-professions_a81152f4-en.html
Swachata Quiz - Prelims - 01.10.24 - Quiz Club IIT Patna
Swachata Quiz - Prelims - 01.10.24 - Quiz Club IIT PatnaQuiz Club, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna The Swachata Quiz was conducted by Quiz Club IIT Patna on 1st October 2024. It had questions froma wide array of topics.
LDMMIA Free Reiki Yoga S7 Weekly Workshops
LDMMIA Free Reiki Yoga S7 Weekly WorkshopsLDM & Mia eStudios ♥☽✷♥
Make sure to catch our weekly updates. Updates are done Thursday to Fridays or its a holiday/event weekend.
Thanks again, Readers, Guest Students, and Loyalz/teams.
This profile is older. I started at the beginning of my HQ journey online. It was recommended by AI. AI was very selective but fits my ecourse style. I am media flexible depending on the course platform. More information below.
AI Overview:
“LDMMIA Reiki Yoga refers to a specific program of free online workshops focused on integrating Reiki energy healing techniques with yoga practices. These workshops are led by Leslie M. Moore, also known as LDMMIA, and are designed for all levels, from beginners to those seeking to review their practice. The sessions explore various themes like "Matrix," "Alice in Wonderland," and "Goddess," focusing on self-discovery, inner healing, and shifting personal realities.”
♥☽✷♥
“So Life Happens-Right? We travel on. Discovering, Exploring, and Learning...”
These Reiki Sessions are timeless and about Energy Healing / Energy Balancing.
A Shorter Summary below.
A 7th FREE WORKSHOP
REiki - Yoga
“Life Happens”
Intro Reflections
Thank you for attending our workshops. If you are new, do welcome. We have been building a base for advanced topics. Also, this info can be fused with any Japanese (JP) Healing, Wellness Plans / Other Reiki /and Yoga practices.
Power Awareness,
Our Defense.
Situations like Destiny Swapping even Evil Eyes are “stealing realities”. It’s causing your hard earned luck to switch out. Either way, it’s cancelling your reality all together. This maybe common recently over the last decade? I noticed it’s a sly easy move to make. Then, we are left wounded, suffering, accepting endless bad luck. It’s time to Power Up. This can be (very) private and quiet. However; building resources/EDU/self care for empowering is your business/your right. It’s a new found power we all can use for healing.
Stressin out-II
“Baby, Calm down, Calm Down.” - Song by Rema, Selena Gomez (Video Premiered Sep 7, 2022)
Within Virtual Work and VR Sims (Secondlife Metaverse) I love catching “Calm Down” On the radio streams. I love Selena first. Second, It’s such a catchy song with an island feel. This blends with both VR and working remotely.
Its also, a good affirmation or mantra to *Calm down* lol.
Something we reviewed in earlier Workshops.
I rarely mention love and relations but theres one caution.
When we date, almost marry an energy drainer/vampire partner; We enter doorways of no return. That person can psychic drain U during/after the relationship. They can also unleash their demons. Their dark energies (chi) can attach itself to you. It’s SYFI but common. Also, involving again, energy awareness. We are suppose to keep our love life sacred. But, Trust accidents do happen. The Energies can linger on. Also, Reiki can heal any breakup damage...
(See Pres for more info. Thx)
LDMMIA Bonus GUEST GRAD Student Check-in
LDMMIA Bonus GUEST GRAD Student Check-inLDM & Mia eStudios Happy Summer Everyone. This is also timeless for future viewing.
You all have been upgraded from ‘Guest’ Students to ‘Graduate’ Students. Do Welcome Back. For new guests, please see our free weekly workshops from Spring ‘25’
Blessings, Love, and Namaste’.
Do Welcome to Summer ‘25’ for LDMMIA.
TY, for surviving our First Season/Term of our Reiki Yoga Workshops. These presentations/workshop are designed for your energy wellness.
Also, professional expansion for Summer ‘25’. All updates will be uploaded here and digital notes within our Merch Shop. (I am Completely, using the suggestions of AI for my Biz style. Its spooky accurate. So far, AI has been very helpful for office and studio admin. I even updated my AI avatars. Similar to my SL Meta avatar.)
Do take Care of yourselves. This is only a Bonus Checkin. The Next Workshop will be Lecture/Session 8. I will complete by Friday.
https://ldm-mia.creator-spring.com/
Order Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths.pptx
Order Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths.pptxArshad Shaikh Lepidoptera is an order of insects comprising butterflies and moths. Characterized by scaly wings and a distinct life cycle, Lepidoptera undergo metamorphosis from egg to larva (caterpillar) to pupa (chrysalis or cocoon) and finally to adult. With over 180,000 described species, they exhibit incredible diversity in form, behavior, and habitat, playing vital roles in ecosystems as pollinators, herbivores, and prey. Their striking colors, patterns, and adaptations make them a fascinating group for study and appreciation.
Active Surveillance For Localized Prostate Cancer A New Paradigm For Clinical...
Active Surveillance For Localized Prostate Cancer A New Paradigm For Clinical...wygalkelceqg Active Surveillance For Localized Prostate Cancer A New Paradigm For Clinical Management 2nd Ed Klotz
Active Surveillance For Localized Prostate Cancer A New Paradigm For Clinical Management 2nd Ed Klotz
Active Surveillance For Localized Prostate Cancer A New Paradigm For Clinical Management 2nd Ed Klotz
TechSoup Microsoft Copilot Nonprofit Use Cases and Live Demo - 2025.05.28.pdf
TechSoup Microsoft Copilot Nonprofit Use Cases and Live Demo - 2025.05.28.pdfTechSoup In this webinar we will dive into the essentials of generative AI, address key AI concerns, and demonstrate how nonprofits can benefit from using Microsoft’s AI assistant, Copilot, to achieve their goals.
This event series to help nonprofits obtain Copilot skills is made possible by generous support from Microsoft.
How to Use Owl Slots in Odoo 17 - Odoo Slides
How to Use Owl Slots in Odoo 17 - Odoo SlidesCeline George In this slide, we will explore Owl Slots, a powerful feature of the Odoo 17 web framework that allows us to create reusable and customizable user interfaces. We will learn how to define slots in parent components, use them in child components, and leverage their capabilities to build dynamic and flexible UIs.
How to Manage Orders in Odoo 18 Lunch - Odoo Slides
How to Manage Orders in Odoo 18 Lunch - Odoo SlidesCeline George The Lunch module in Odoo 18 helps users place their food orders, making meal management seamless and efficient. It allows employees to browse available options, place orders, and track their meals effortlessly.
"Dictyoptera: The Order of Cockroaches and Mantises" Or, more specifically: ...
"Dictyoptera: The Order of Cockroaches and Mantises" Or, more specifically: ...Arshad Shaikh Dictyoptera is an order of insects that includes cockroaches and praying mantises. These insects are characterized by their flat, oval-shaped bodies and unique features such as modified forelegs in mantises for predation. They inhabit diverse environments worldwide.
PHYSIOLOGY & SPORTS INJURY by Diwakar Sir
PHYSIOLOGY & SPORTS INJURY by Diwakar SirDiwakar Kashyap Diwakar Kashyap
M.P.Ed., M.A.Yoga, Ph.D.(Pursuing)
Athletics & Yoga Coach
Department of Physical Education & Sports
Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University)
Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India 249404
Mob. - +919808828367
LDMMIA About me 2025 Edition 3 College Volume
LDMMIA About me 2025 Edition 3 College VolumeLDM & Mia eStudios Updated About Me. Used for former college assignments.
Make sure to catch our weekly updates. Updates are done Thursday to Fridays or its a holiday/event weekend.
Thanks again, Readers, Guest Students, and Loyalz/teams.
This profile is older. I started at the beginning of my HQ journey online. It was recommended by AI. AI was very selective but fits my ecourse style. I am media flexible depending on the course platform. More information below.
AI Overview:
“LDMMIA Reiki Yoga refers to a specific program of free online workshops focused on integrating Reiki energy healing techniques with yoga practices. These workshops are led by Leslie M. Moore, also known as LDMMIA, and are designed for all levels, from beginners to those seeking to review their practice. The sessions explore various themes like "Matrix," "Alice in Wonderland," and "Goddess," focusing on self-discovery, inner healing, and shifting personal realities.”
IDSP(INTEGRATED DISEASE SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMME...
IDSP(INTEGRATED DISEASE SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMME...SweetytamannaMohapat IDSP is a disease surveillance program in India that aims to strengthen/maintain decentralized laboratory-based IT enabled disease surveillance systems for epidemic prone diseases to monitor disease trends, and to detect and respond to outbreaks in the early phases swiftly.....
Swachata Quiz - Prelims - 01.10.24 - Quiz Club IIT Patna
Swachata Quiz - Prelims - 01.10.24 - Quiz Club IIT PatnaQuiz Club, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna
Database language
- 2. #WHAT IS DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM?? A database management system (DBMS) is system software for creating and managing database. The DBMS provides users and programmers with a systematic way to create, retrieve, update and manage data. #There are many part of DBMS: • Introduction to Database Management System • DBMS vs File System • View of data • Data models • Database Languages. • Database users and administrators • Transaction Management • Database System Structure • Application architectures
- 3. # In DBMS has 3 types language: *Data Definition Language(DDL). *Data Manipulation Language(DML). *Data Control language (DCL). #Data Definition Language(DDL): • Database language that is used to create, delete or modify database schema is called DDL. • It is used by Database Administrators(DBA) to specify the conceptual schema. • DDL interpreter converts DDL statements into equivalent low level statements understood by the DBMS. • Normally, create, alter, and drop statements are DDL statements. • DDL statements make changes in the schema
- 4. Example: For alter command Alter table Student ADD COLUMN address varchar(20) ; Example: For drop command drop Student; Example: For create command create table Student ( sid number(4), sname varchar2s(50), DOB varchar2(15) );
- 5. *DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE(DML) • Database language that enables insert, update, delete, and retrieval of data from the database is called Data Manipulation Language. • DML complier converts DML statements into equivalent low level statements that the database understands. • Normally, insert, update, delete, select are DML commands. • DML reflects change in the instance, not the schema
- 6. Example: For insert Insert into Student values(“A-101”, “Ramesh”, 12); Example: for update Update Student Set class = 11 Where sid = “A-101” ; Example: for select Select * From Student Example: For delete Delete from student Where sname = “RAj”
- 7. •Data Control language (DCL): DCL statements control access to data and the database using statements such as GRANT and REVOKE. A privilege can either be granted to a User with the help of GRANT statement. The privileges assigned can be SELECT, ALTER, DELETE, EXECUTE, INSERT, INDEX etc. In addition to granting of privileges, you can also revoke (taken back) it by using REVOKE command.
- 9. *In SQL, cases are insensitive. So, instead of Student one can write StUdEnT as well. * Also, for integer values “12” is incorrect but 12 is correct. *And, for char and varchar “course” is correct and course is incorrect. Note that