DDoS Attack PPT by Nitin Bisht

Distributed Denial of
Service Attacks
NITIN BISHT
140231
CSE lll
1

o Introduction to DDoS
o How it Works
o Aim of DDoS Attack
o Types of DDoS
o DDoS Symptoms
o DDoS Mitigation
o Famous DDoS Attacks
Table of Content
2

 A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is
an attempt to make an online service
unavailable by overwhelming it with traffic from
multiple sources.
 In the United States, the people that take part
in DDoS attacks are charged with legal offenses
at the federal level, both criminally and civilly.
Introduction
3

 The average DDoS attack is about 50 gbps.
 DDoS Duration :- not defined
 Targets :- Gaming industries , banks , news
websites
Introduction
4

 In a DoS attack, a hacker uses a single
Internet connection to either exploit a
software vulnerability or flood a target with
fake requests—usually in an attempt to
exhaust server resources .
 On the other hand, distributed denial of
service (DDoS) attacks are launched from
multiple connected devices that are
distributed across the Internet.
DDoS VS DoS
5

 In a typical DDoS attack, the hacker begins
by exploiting a computer system and
making it the DDoS master.
 The attack master system identifies other
vulnerable systems and gains control over
them by either infecting the systems
with malware or through bypassing the
authentication controls .
How DDoS attack works
6

 The attacker creates a command-and-
control server to command the network of
bots, also called a botnet.
 The person in control of a botnet is
sometimes referred to as the botmaster.
 Their main aim is to prevent legitimate
users from accessing a system or site.
How DDoS attack works
7

Common reason for DDoS attacks are:
1.Expression of anger and criticism.
2.Training ground for other attacks.
3.Distraction from other malicious actions.
4.Anticompetitive business practices.
5.Means to extract money.
6.To disrupt operation of private or government
enterprise.
AIM OF A DDoS ATTACK
10

There are broadly 3 types of DDoS attacks :-
Network or Volume centric attack – 64%
Protocol attacks – 20%
Ap Application layer attack - 16%
Types of DDoS attacks
11

 These attacks use bots and botnets to
flood the network layers with a substantial
amount of seemingly legitimate traffic.
 This consumes an excessive amount of
bandwidth within or outside of the network
and causes network operations to become
extremely slow or to not work at all.
Network or Volume Centric
12

 These kinds of attacks are more difficult to
mitigate than attacks from a single source
 Volumetric attacks come in a variety of forms,
including:
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Floods
• ICMP floods ( Internet Control Message
Protocol)
Network or Volume Centric
13

 Random ports on a server are flooded with UDP
packets, causing the server to repeatedly
check for and respond to non-existent
applications at the ports.
 As a result, the system is unable to
respond to legitimate applications.
UDP Floods
14

 A server is flooded with ICMP echo
requests from multiple spoofed IP addresses.
 As the targeted server processes and
replies to these phony requests, it is
eventually overloaded and unable to process
valid ICMP echo requests.
ICMP Floods
15

 The goal of an application layer attack is to
exhaust resources by consuming too much.
 They target the layer that manages HTTP and
SMTP communication.
 They target web application packets in order to
disrupt the transmission of data between hosts.
 They attack on apache ,windows web servor ,
as they are more vulnerable.
Application – layer attack
16

 These type of attacks are more sophisticated
and are gaining in popularity than other types
of DDoS attacks.
 For example:- an HTTP Flood – the most
common application-layer attack – uses
botnets to force a target to expend an
excessive amount of resources when
responding to a HTTP request
17

 HTTP floods and other application-layer
DDoS attacks mimic human-user behavior
making them much more difficult to detect
than other types of attacks.
 Web based email apps, WordPress, Joomla, and
forum software are good examples of
application specific targets.
18

 Protocol attacks target the connection state
tables in firewalls, web application servers,
and other infrastructure components.
 One of the most common state-exhaustion
attacks was the ping of death, in which a
65,536-byte ping packet is defragmented
and sent to a target server as fast as
possible.
Protocol attack
19

 Once the target reassembles the large
packet, a buffer overload typically occurs.
 In the likely scenario that the target
attempts to respond to the pings, even
more bandwidth is consumed, eventually
causing the targeted system to crash.
Protocol attack
20

• DDoS attacks are the single largest threat to
our Internet and the Internet of Things.
• The more our world becomes connected and
dependent on the Internet, the more
opportunities to get exploited by these types of
attack.
DDoS Attack
22

 There was a 180% percent increase in the total number of DDoS attacks in 2016
compared to 2015.
 The online gaming sector is currently the most susceptible to attack, accounting for
50% of all DDoS attacks.
 Software and technology companies -25%
 Internet and telecoms companies - 5%
of the total attack.
FACTS
23

 3 Most Famous DDoS Attacks
I. Scientologist Church Gets Hit Hard By
Anonymous!
II. Hong Kong’s Democracy Movement Attack
III.The New Year Attack !
IV.DDoS in India
Famous Attack
24

• This attack took place on January 8, 2008 .
• It was attacked by hacker group Anonymous.
• The DDoS attack was meant to be a protest
against the Church of Scientology’s philosophies
and practices.
• The program was able to shut down the
Scientologist church website momentarily.
• The program that was deployed was used to
fight for Wikileaks.
Scientologist Church
25

• It started in June 2014, in Hong Kong to bring
destruction to the Chinese government . This
movement is called Occupy Central.
• Occupy Central used this DDoS attack against
the Chinese government because they wanted a
one man one vote system when electing
officials to represent political office.
• This all led Occupy Central to push their DDoS
attack forward and brought down a major
political website.
Hong Kong’s Democracy Attack
26

• It took place on December 31,2015.
• New World Hacking took responsibly for this
huge DDoS attack.
• They were capable of disrupting BBC’s global
website, along with Donald Trumps website as
well.
• The tool that was used to deploy these attacks
is called BangStresser.
The New Year Attack
27

• It took place on November ,2016.
• It was one of the biggest attack ever done
on an ISP.
• The attack was of a huge magnitude of 200
gigabytes per second.
• This is the reason behind the recent slowing
down of the internet experienced by users
around Mumbai.
• An FIR was filed against the DDoS attack
with the Mumbai police.
The DDoS Attack in India
28

The United States Computer Emergency Readiness
Team(US-CERT) has identified symptoms of a
denial-of-service attack to include:
unusually slow network performance
unavailability of a particular web site
inability to access any web site
dramatic increase in the number of spam emails
received (this type of DoS attack is considered
an e-mail bomb).
SYMPTOMS
29

 DDoS mitigation is a set of techniques or tools
for resisting the impact of DDoS attacks on
networks attached to the Internet by protecting
the target and relay networks.
 DDoS mitigation also requires identifying
incoming traffic to separate human traffic from
human-like bots and hijacked web browsers.
 The process is done by comparing signatures
and examining different attributes of the traffic,
including IP addresses, cookie variations, HTTP
headers, and JavaScript footprints.
DDoS Mitigation
31

 Best practices for DDoS mitigation include
having both anti-DDoS technology and anti-
DDoS emergency response services such
as Incapsula, Akamai, CloudFlare or Radware.
 DDoS mitigation is also available through cloud-
based providers.
 User must install anti-virus.
 User must install firewall.
DDoS Mitigation
33

 Myths:
Enterprises believe they are fully protected
with only cloud based DDoS mitigation.
 Facts:
Cloud based DDoS mitigation only protects
against large, volumetric attacks, and fails
to provide adequate protection against low
and slow application layer attacks
DDoS Myths
34

 Myths:
We will not become a target. Our business is
too small.
 Facts:
DDoS attacks do not discriminate. Any
organization, big or small, is in danger or
experiencing the risks associated with a
DDoS attack.
DDoS Myths
35

 Myths:
My Internet Service Provider (ISP) is protecting
me from DDoS attacks.
 Facts:
ISP’s lack the ability to detect, analyze and
mitigate DDoS attacks and other cyber
threats
DDoS Myths
36

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