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Deploying Microsoft Lync over Wi-Fi #AirheadsConf Italy
The document discusses deploying Microsoft Lync over WiFi networks. It covers challenges with supporting real-time media like voice and video over WiFi, including issues around latency, jitter, packet loss and roaming between access points. The presentation provides guidance on WiFi deployment strategies to optimize the network for real-time media workloads. These include recommendations around access point placement, configuring quality of service, and prioritizing Lync traffic through mechanisms like expedited forwarding.
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Deploying Microsoft Lync over Wi-Fi #AirheadsConf Italy
- 1. Deploying Lync overWiFi John Turner, Bala Krishnamurthy June 11-12
- 2. CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved 2 #AirheadsConf Agenda • Why UC and Wi-Fi? • Challenges with Real Time Media & Wi-Fi • Common Usage Scenarios • Lync over Wi-Fi Multi-Tier Strategy • Wi-Fi Deployment Guidance for Real Time Media • Configuring QoS for Lync • Lync SDN Program • Q&A
- 3. CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved 3 #AirheadsConf Why care about UC and Wi-Fi? • UC is about a communication and collaborative experience anywhere and on any device • Wi-Fi by default, wired when necessary (in many cases Wi-Fi only) • Network managers tasked to plan for (data/voice/video) Wi-Fi convergence • Customers are pushing towards greater real time media over mobile scenarios • Wi-Fi has become a mainstream wireless technology
- 4. 4 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Challenges with Real Time Media & Wi-Fi
- 5. 5 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Real Time Media • Streaming vs. Real Time Media – Streaming applications like YouTube, Netflix, etc can utilize large receive side buffers in order smooth out network delays – Real Time Media is interactive and requires a high performance network that can sustain continuous up/down stream traffic, with low latency, jitter and packet loss • Impact to Human Interaction – Human communication starts to get negatively impacted with latency of more than 250 msec (one way, mouth-to-ear latency) – Bursty jitter or packet loss over a certain threshold cannot be recovered, and leads to glitches in the audio and video stream – Audio glitches are very disruptive and lead to a poor user experience
- 6. 6 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Real Time Media Network Requirements • – Audio 50 Kbps to 220 Kbps per stream (incl. IP header and FEC overhead) – Video 250 Kbps to 4 Mbps per stream • – Desired jitter less than 20 msec • – Desired less than 100 msec (one way) – Acceptable less than 200 msec (one way) – Depends on geography • – Desired 0%, acceptable <2% and not more than 3 consecutive lost packets • – Both UDP and TCP are supported for Lync 2013 Real Time Media – UDP is preferred for Real Time Media as TCP recovery (retransmits) is usually too long to be useful
- 7. 7 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Real Time Media Issues When Running Over Wi-Fi • – Real Time Media has very different requirements when roaming between APs then when stationary – Delayed handovers from “sticky clients” can result in multi-second media breaks for voice/video – Clients often “stick” to an Access Point (AP) even when the signal strength has deteriorated so far as to be unusable – And at the opposite extreme, some clients may “ping-pong” rapidly between multiple APs or SSIDs • – Background scanning mechanisms are off-channel too long and inconsistent which may affect media traffic
- 8. 8 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Real Time Media Issues When Running Over Wi-Fi (cont.) • – Existing rate adaption algorithms not well suited for Real Time Media – May take up too much airtime in retries when used for Real Time Media traffic • – Need a mechanism to prevent oversubscription of high priority traffic – Optimizing available resources via load balancing, steering clients away from congested APs, facilitating good roaming decisions, and avoiding low data rates are preferable to denying new sessions (only used as a last resort) • – Data - SNR better than 25 db and RSSI better than -90 dBm – Real Time Media - SNR better than 40 dB and RSSI better than -65 dBm
- 9. 9 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Wi-Fi Deployment Guidance for Real Time Media
- 10. 10 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Running Lync 2013 over Wi-Fi • Data over Wi-Fi • Devices - Desktops, laptop, slates, mobile smart phones • Modalities - IM, presence, web conferencing, calendaring • Real Time Media over Wi-Fi: Fixed • Additional modalities (includes Lync Data over Wi-Fi) - Voice mail, video conferencing, telephony, audio conferencing • Nomadic but stationary use of Lync services • Real Time Media over Wi-Fi: Mobile • Modalities same as with Lync Real Time Media over Wi-Fi Fixed • Originate, consume and terminate Lync services while on the move
- 11. 11 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Wi-Fi Deployment Guidance Enterprise Infrastructure Recommendations • • • • • • • Ability to classify and prioritize Lync traffic (SIP-TLS) in the presence of lower priority data traffic • Implement QoS throughout wired and wireless infrastructure to prioritize voice and video • Implement QoS/WMM with EF queue for WMM Voice • Enable WMM on APs for QoS. Enable QoS on Lync servers and clients •
- 12. 12 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Wi-Fi Deployment Guidance Enterprise Infrastructure Recommendations • • Deploy APs featuring dual (concurrent) 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz operation with 3x3 configuration and 1 Gbps backhaul • 2.4 GHz band - drop 802.11b support, limit 802.11n support to 20 MHz channels • 5 GHz band - if available, enable “RF band steering” to move dual-band client devices to 5GHz RF, use 40 MHz channel • Support for RF auto radio management of channel and signal strength • • Deploy applicable AP density for required coverage and capacity but keep signal levels better than -65dBm and SNR better than 40dBm (association and roaming probe responses should have SNR better than 25dBm) • Deploy sufficient number of APs for seamless coverage • Design for capacity based on # of clients in coverage area • Plan for overlapping AP coverage (redundancy) as required • In large conference rooms deploy multiple APs
- 13. 13 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Wi-Fi Deployment Guidance • – Open space design is different from walled office designs • – Ubiquitous Wi-Fi coverage is required! – Signal strength in coverage footprint (-65dBm or better) – – Baseline • Spot Testing • Walkthrough testing • Roaming with Lync Client session calls – Periodic surveys to ensure baseline performance remains consistent
- 14. 14 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Wi-Fi Deployment Guidance • • BYOD is a reality so be prepared • • • Manage NIC driver versions • Note: When on battery power drivers tend to reduce Wi-Fi device power • •
- 15. 15 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Configuring QoS for your Lync deployment
- 16. 16 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf DiffServ QoS Model Precede nce Level DiffServ Marking ToS Name Description 7 DSCP 56 (CS7) Network Control Reserved for IP routing protocols 6 DSCP 48 (CS6) Internetwork Control Reserved for IP routing protocols 5 DSCP 40 (CS5) CRITIC/ECP Express Forwarding (EF) 4 DSCP 32 (CS4) Flash Override Class 4 3 DSCP 24 (CS3) Flash Class 3 2 DSCP 16 (CS2) Immediate Class 2 1 DSCP 8 (CS1) Priority Class 1 0 DSCP 0 (Default) Routine Best Effort Drop Precedence Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Low DSCP 10 (AF11) DSCP 18 (AF21) DSCP 26 (AF31) DSCP 34 (AF41) Medium DSCP 12 (AF12) DSCP 20 (AF22) DSCP 28 (AF32) DSCP 36 (AF42) High DSCP 14 (AF13) DSCP 22 (AF23) DSCP 30 (AF33) DSCP 38 (AF43) Assured Forwarding S c h e d u l e r Dro p High Dro p Med Dro p Low Drop Zone Expedited Forwarding DiffServ Marking Description DSCP 46 (EF) low delay, low loss and low jitter
- 17. 17 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Expedited Forwarding (EF) Behavior S c h e d u l e r Drop High Drop Med Drop Low Drop Zone
- 18. 18 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Expedited Forwarding (EF) Behavior S c h e d u l e r Drop High Drop Med Drop Low Drop Zone QoS engineering has to be managed consistently end-to-end, or it can have a dramatic negative impact to all real-time voice and video traffic
- 19. 19 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Todays IP Phone QoS Model Marked by switch as Best Effort (BE) for 802.1p and DSCP Marked by switch as Expedited Forwarding (EF) for 802.1p and DSCP PSTN IP Phone QoS is Secured
- 20. 20 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Todays UC&C QoS Model PSTN Remark QoS for Untrusted traffic to Best Effort One of the biggest issues for Lync is that Network Elements are misconfigured for QoS and/or network policies remark untrusted traffic to Best Effort Result is poor Lync experience for voice and video
- 21. 21 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Automated QoS and TE UC / Application Admin Time in Weeks Ongoing Monitoring & Troubleshooting Identify traffic classes Configure UDP ACLs on Switches Inventory WAN circuit sizing What Codecs ? Remark DSCP for untrusted applications? Lock down UDP port ranges used for voice/video Identify sites Define Erlang traffic models Provision CAC across sites Validate SLAs Ok, ready to start rolling out Enable DSCP …on all endpoints … Network Admin SDN will reduce cost of deploying QoS, Traffic Engineering and Security for UC
- 22. 22 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync QoS Recommended Guidance
- 23. 23 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync QoS Guidance • – Use same media ports across Lync server media roles for same modality type (e.g. audio) – Use non-overlapping media ports across Lync server media roles for different modality types (e.g. audio vs video) – Make client audio/video port ranges subset of servers • E.g. server audio port range = 49,152 – 57,500 • Client audio port range = 50,020 – 50,039 • – Quality of Service Policy on Windows Vista/7/8 and Windows Server 2008 R2/2012 – QoS Packet Scheduler on Windows XP w/ controlled load (video, DSCP 34) and guaranteed service type (audio, DSCP 46) • Set-CsMediaConfiguration -EnableQoS $True – Lync Phone Edition is using DSCP 40 for audio (change with Set-CsUCPhoneConfiguration - VoiceDiffServTag 46) – Lync for Mac 2011 is using CS5 (0x28) for audio and CS3 (0x18) for video – Lync Mobile clients use hardcoded QoS Values
- 24. 24 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync QoS Guidance Config upstream QOS Policy for Lync desktop client • – In Group Policy Editor go to Computer Configuration -> Windows Settings -> Policy-based QoS – Gpudate.exe /force – On multi-adapter and/or Workgroup Mode computer set “Do not use NLA”=”1″ under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetservicesTcpipQoS Client Traffic Type DS CP Sour ce IP Destina tion IP Proto cols Source port range Destination port range Audio 46 Any Any TCP/ UDP 50020:5003 9 Any Video 34 Any Any TCP/ UDP 58000:5801 9 Any App Sharing 24 Any Any TCP/ UDP 42000:4201 9 Any File Transfer 14 Any Any TCP/ UDP 42020:4203 9 Any
- 25. 25 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync SDN Program
- 26. 26 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Today’s UC&C challenges • Network issues cause 60-80% of poor end-user QoE • Poor visibility into real-time traffic – Lync uses encryption by default, making DPI difficult and unreliable – Skype tries to hide itself from networks • Traffic engineering / QoS is complex & easily broken – Requires brute force static policies that must match application server settings – Intermittent problems are tedious to diagnose, especially for Softphones and BYOD
- 27. 27 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Why SDN • Addresses increasing complexity • Realize operational efficiencies • Improves end-user experience
- 28. 28 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf What is Application Driven SDN Northbound Interface Southbound Interface SDN Application • Logic and Network Service Intelligence Controller Network Elements • Physical or virtual forwarding path Applications Programing Networks
- 29. 29 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf “Network Service Application” Driven SDN Model Network Element Network Element Network Element Network Element Network Element Network Element Network Element SDN Controller Topology Inventory Flow Programming Statistics Network Service Application Network Service Logic Policy SDN Controller North-Bound Interfaces Administrator Interface
- 30. 30 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf “End User Application” Driven SDN Model Network Element Network Element Network Element Network Element Network Element Network Element Network Element SDN Controller Topology Inventory Flow Programming Statistics Network Service Application Network Service Logic Policy SDN Controller North-Bound Interfaces Administrator Interface Abstraction End User App (Ex: UC) Network Service North-Bound Interface
- 31. 31 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf UC SDN Architecture
- 32. 32 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf UC SDN Dialog Event
- 33. 33 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf UC SDN Quality Update Event
- 34. 34 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Basic Architecture and Flow (V2.0)
- 35. 35 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Redundant Architecture and Flow (V2.0) ClientLync Client Lync FE + LDL Lync FE + LDL Primary Lync SDN Manager Secondary Lync SDN Manager Fault-tolerance, Pools and Fan-Out: NMS/Network ControllerNMS/Network ControllerNetwork Controller
- 36. 36 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Redundant Architecture and Flow (V2.0) ClientLync Client Lync FE + LDL Lync FE + LDL NMS/Network Controller Primary Lync SDN Manager Secondary Lync SDN Manager Fault-tolerance, Pools and Fan-Out: NMS/Network ControllerNetwork Controller
- 37. 37 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Initial Features Lync SDN API V2.0 • Lync SDN Manager • Basic filtering, aggregation, augmentation, dispersion (stateful) • No LDL changes. Backward compatibility • Support for primary/secondary redundancy
- 38. 38 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Architecture V2.1- Coming Out Soon LFE+ LDL Lync FE + LDL Lync SDN Manager Lync SDN Manager Load-balancing, pools, state & configuration sharing: FE + LDL Lync FE + LDL Shared State Additional message type: IncallQuality Database or shared memory cache NMS/Network Controller NMS/Network ControllerNetwork Controller
- 39. 39 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync SDN API V2.1Features • In-call Quality Updates • Full load-balanced and redundancy pool • State sharing using a database • Simplified configuration and setup of LDL • Internal re-organizing • Move computation from LDL to SDN Manager • Partner requests
- 40. 40 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Where We Are Today • Lync SDN API v2.0 Publically Available • API can be installed on Lync 2010 and Lync 2013 • LDL Must be installed on all FEs – Continuing to advance the API with partner’s requirements
- 41. 41 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync UC SDN Scenarios
- 42. 42 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf UC SDN Scenarios Being Defined • Automated Diagnostics: – Pinpoint root-cause-analysis for degraded media calls • Automating QoS – Dynamically mark authorized voice and video traffic with the appropriate QoS markings. • Dynamic Traffic Engineering of Bandwidth Capacity for each Class of Service: – Dynamically adjust the amount of bandwidth associated with various Classes of Service (CoS) to match bandwidth requirements of the corresponding applications. • Call Admission control: – Prevent voice and video traffic from exceeding the available bandwidth capacity, and notify applications of changes in available bandwidth so they can adjust selected codecs (e.g. based on policies). • Dynamic Traffic Engineering of Media Paths: – Route media along a path that is best able to meet performance requirements (rather than along the “default” least-cost path). • Security DDOS and IPS/IDS orchestration: – Positive identification of authentic media flows to prevent scrubbing • Firewall orchestration: – Automating pinhole firewall provisioning of dynamic media flows • Wi-Fi orchestration: – Automating real-time-media flows over Wi-Fi for correct behaviors of STAs and APs for many scenarios
- 43. 43 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync and Aruba SDN Collaboration
- 44. 44 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Aruba SDN Overview • Aruba Controller as the consumer of Lync SDN messages – PEF engine and roll based access – Voice subsystem to collect WiFi statistics – QOS to mark and prioritize • SDN acts as a trigger • Additional data from SDN adds correlated data • Flow is unidirectional today
- 45. 45 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync SDN – QoS Flow 1. User establishes Lync call to another device – Call setup is through Lync Front End server, call is peer-to-peer 2. Lync server sends session information to Controller via SDN API to web services listener 3. Controller uses data for QoS and AppRF visibility – Voice Video Desktop Sharing DSCP mappings are made in SSID profile 1 3 2
- 46. 46 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync SDN – Collecting call data 1. At the end of each call, participants send Quality of Experience (QoE) data to the QoE server, which is a component of Lync 2. The QoE server reports stats to the controller 3. Controller builds monitoring pages 1 3 2
- 47. 59 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf MS Link Overview
- 48. 60 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync Components Media for callback SIP https (XML) Push notification for Windows Phone Media gateway Media server Front End server Reverse proxy DMZ WiFi Internet Lync push notification services Edge server • AD • DNS • Exchange • Front End server • QOE server • Reverse Proxy • Edge Server
- 49. 61 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Client sign-in Lync 2013 • A record Lyncdiscover.<sipdomain>
- 50. 62 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Lync Signaling Ports TCP Port Lync Internal 5061 Lync External 443 Office 365 443
- 51. 63 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf Understanding Lync Bandwidth Requirements Lync bandwidth usage is variable but predictable http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj688118.aspx Bandwidth Calculator Tool: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=19011 Codec Bandwidth Voice Wideband Audio 91Kbps (MAX) / 39.8Kbps (Avg) Video 1280x720 h.264 2510Kbps (MAX) / 460Kbps (Avg) 5 person video call (MAX) (5 x 2510) + (91 * 2) = 12.43Mbps 5 person video call (Avg) (5 x 460) + (39.8 * 2) = 2.32Mbps This represents high end codec use, additional info at:
- 52. 64 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2014.Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved #AirheadsConf
- 53. 65 Thank You #AirheadsConf CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright2014. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved
Editor's Notes
- #46 User establishes Lync call to another device Call setup is through server, call is peer-to-peer Lync server sends session information to Controller Controller uses data for QoS and AppRF visibility Voice gets DSCP 56 (0x38) Video gets DSCP 40 (0x28) Desktop Sharing gets DSCP 40 (0x28) File transfers get DSCP 24 (0x18) Controller sends app usage data to AirWave
- #47 At the end of each call, the call participants send data on call quality to the Quality of Experience (QoE) server - a component of Lync The QoE server reports stats to the controller Controller builds monitoring pages