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Design principles
- 1. Design Principles Graphic designprinciples are ways in which elements are used together. There are six principles that include an interesting design. • Balance •Movement • Rhythm • Emphasis • Proportion and Scale • Unity
- 2. Balance Parts of thedesign are equally distributed to create a sense of stability. There can be physical as well as visual balance. Types •Symmetrical or Formal Balance •Asymmetrical or Informal Balance •Radial Balance •Vertical Balance •Horizontal Balance
- 3. Balance Symmetrical or FormalBalance The elements within the design are identical in relation to a centerline or axis.
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- 6. Balance Asymmetrical or InformalBalance Parts of the design are not identical but are equal in visual weight.
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- 8. Balance Radial Balance Design Elementsradiate outward from the center.
- 9. 9 Examples of radialbalance
- 10. Balance Vertical Balance The topand bottom parts are equal.
- 11. Balance Horizontal Balance The leftand right parts are equal.
- 12. 12 Movement • Movement isthe use of lines, colour, and repetition to create the illusion of motion. – Curved forms or lines – Repetition of geometric forms – Fuzzy lines or outlines
- 13. Rhythm Repeated use ofline, shape, color, texture or pattern. Types •Regular rhythm •Graduated rhythm •Random rhythm •Gradated rhythm
- 14. Rhythm Regular Rhythm A elementis repeated at the same repetition each time.
- 15. Rhythm Graduated Rhythm The beatsof the element become closer or further apart as they move.
- 16. Rhythm Random Rhythm The beatsof the element are random or are at irregular intervals.
- 17. Rhythm Gradated Rhythm The repeatedelement is identical with the exception of one detail increasing or decreasing gradually with each repetition.
- 18. Emphasis •Points of attentionin a design. •The feature in a design that attracts one’s eye. •The focal point. •Emphasis can be achieved through size, placement, color and use of lines. •The most personal aspect of a design.
- 19. Emphasis by placement Emphasisby isolation
- 20. Proportion and Scale •Comparative relationshipsbetween elements in a design with respect to size. •3:5 ratio is known as the Golden Mean. •Scale •The proportions or size of one part of the image in relationship to the other.
- 22. Unity • Unity isapplying consistent use of lines, color and texture within a design. • To be harmonious.
- 23. Unity can beachieved through the use of similar shapes. Unity can be achieved through the use of a common pattern.
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Editor's Notes
- #2 Visual Design Principles and Elements Project Lead The Way ® Copyright 2006 Introduction to Engineering Design Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis There are many different lists of design principles used by various occupational areas.
- #5 The rectangle has three lines of symmetry: Horizontal (blue), Vertical (red), Diagonal (yellow). The triangle has only one line of symmetry: center or, in this orientation, Vertical. You can draw two other lines of symmetry from any of the vertices to the center of the opposite side.
- #14 Visual Design Principles and Elements Project Lead The Way ® Copyright 2006 Introduction to Engineering Design Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis This principle is sometimes referred to as repetition.
- #15 Visual Design Principles and Elements Project Lead The Way ® Copyright 2006 Introduction to Engineering Design Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis Flagpoles, windows on buildings, stripes on awning, lights that illuminate awning all represent regular rhythm.
- #18 Visual Design Principles and Elements Project Lead The Way ® Copyright 2006 Introduction to Engineering Design Unit 3 – Lesson 3.1 – Visual Analysis The shelves get smaller and smaller.