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Design Process: Introduction and its types
- 1. Basic Design Prepared by :Dr. Yogesh Patil, Assistant Professor, RTMSSU Mumbai PhD, IIIM-IITB (Product Design & Development)
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- 3. Design Process 3 Adesign process is a systematic problem- solving strategy, with criteria and constraints, used to develop many possible solutions to solve or satisfy human needs or wants and to narrow down the possible solutions to one final choice.
- 4. Design Process 4 Anew product progresses through a sequence of stages from introduction to growth, maturity, saturation and decline. This sequence is known as the product life cycle and is associated with changes in the marketing situation, thus impacting the marketing strategy and the marketing mix. Product Life Cycle
- 5. Design Process 5 Someof the most important stages through which product life cycle passes are Introduction stage Growth stage Maturity stage Saturation stage Decline stage
- 6. Design Process 6 Theproduct is developed keeping in view a particular need of a set of consumer and introduced in the market by initiating its commercial production. At this stage product is new in the market, consequently its demand is low and requires vigorous sales efforts. The promotional costs are, therefore, high at this stage and the production costs are also not fully recovered due to low volume of sales. Introduction stage
- 7. Design Process 7 Thereis a rapid expansion in sales as the cumulative impact of the promotional expenditure helps in the market acceptance of the product as well as the reputation of the product gains around. But this rapid expansion can be sustained only by the maintenance of product quality. Growth stage
- 8. Design Process 8 Whenthe product enters the maturity stage the rate of growth of its sales declines, though the volume of sales keeps on increasing. This is so because most of the persons needing the product-had; already adopted it during the growth stage and now when the product enters its maturity stage, it faces a small and declining number of potential buyers. Consequently, the firm has to spend relatively increasing amount of sales promotion. Maturity stage
- 9. Design Process 9 Atthis stage, the sales volume of the product ceases to grow. The only additional demand for the product happens to be its replacement demand. Saturation stage
- 10. Design Process 10 Ultimatelythe product enters a stage of decline where its sale volume starts shifting down. The competitors have by then entered the market with substitutes and imitations and the product distinctiveness starts diminishing. Consequently, the sale of the product also starts declining. Maturity stage
- 11. Design Process 11 Example HUMANLIFE CYCLE
- 12. Design Process 12 Example APPLEIPOD PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
- 13. Design Process 13 FourStep Design Process Five Step Design Process Twelve Step Design Process
- 14. 14 Four StepDesign Process Problem definition Design exploration Design optimization Design communication Four Step Design Process
- 15. 15 Problem definition Defining the problem is an integral part of design thinking process. It requires the clear understanding of the user’s needs and it’s often the hardest part of the process. Follow standard procedure Such as SSG method and KWL Chart. Space Saturate and Group Space saturate and group is a method of bundling ideas, observations and experiences that you have gained in the first phase of design thinking process. It is a collage of findings from entire team gathered in one place. Four Step Design Process
- 16. 16 Design exploration We all want to design the best and most desirable products. Not surprisingly, the way we design them (i.e., the steps we take to conceive, develop, and commercialize a product) has a big influence on how good and how desirable those products become. Design Exploration is a particular way of arriving at an optimal design solution. To be formal, design exploration is the human-driven, often computer-assisted, divergent/convergent process used to evolve and investigate multidisciplinary design space with the intent of design discovery and to inform decision making throughout the design process. Tissue Box Design Exploration Four Step Design Process
- 17. 17 Design optimization Design optimization is the process of finding the best design parameters that satisfy project requirements. Designers typically use design of experiments, statistics, and optimization techniques to evaluate trade-offs and determine the best design. Optimization of flexible wing structures Four Step Design Process
- 18. 18 Design communication Communication design is a mixed discipline between design and information-development which is concerned with how media intervention such as printed, crafted, electronic media or presentations communicate with people. Four Step Design Process
- 19. 19 Five StepDesign Process Five Step Design Process
- 20. 20 Five StepDesign Process Five Step Design Process
- 21. 21 Empathize Togain an empathic understanding of the problem you are trying to solve How? Through some form of user research. Why? Allows you to set aside your own assumptions about the world in order to gain insight into users and their needs. It involves entering the realm of the users and, as far as possible, “becoming” them to begin work on custom-designing a solution. Five Step Design Process
- 22. 22 Define Whatis Define? Put together the information you have created and gathered during the Empathize stage Five Step Design Process
- 23. 23 Ideate Whatis ideate? Ready to start generating ideas. How? Think out of box Result? to identify new solutions to the problem statement you have created Five Step Design Process
- 24. 24 Prototype Whatis prototype? Produce a number of inexpensive, scaled-down versions What to prototype? Entire product or specific features found within the product Why to prototype? To investigate the problem solutions generated in the previous stage Five Step Design Process
- 25. 25 Test Finalstage but in iterative process, the results generated during the testing phase are often used to redefine one or more problems Five Step Design Process
- 26. 26 Twelve StepDesign Process Twelve Step Design Process
- 27. 27 Define aproblem Identify a problem that exists Determine the root cause Gather information Twelve Step Design Process
- 28. 28 Brainstorm Presentideas in group Generate and record ideas Seek quantity not quality Keep the mind alert through rapid paced sessions Twelve Step Design Process
- 29. 29 Research andgenerate ideas Analyze the reasons for the need, want, or problem. Investigate who or what it is that is affected, and consider the need, want, or problem from their perspective. Research any existing solution and identify why they are not adequate or appropriate. Listen to clients to solve problems that they have discovered. Perform market research to determine if a want or need exists and warrants the development of a design solution. Twelve Step Design Process
- 30. 30 Identify criteriaand specify constraints Identify the end user if the client is not. Redefine the problem to the agreement of both client and engineer. Identify what the solution must do, and the degree to which it will be pursued. Identify the limitations within which the engineer must perform his/her duties. Compile the information into a design brief Twelve Step Design Process
- 31. 31 Explore possibilities Initiate further development of brainstorming ideas with constraints and tradeoffs considered. Explore alternative ideas based on further knowledge and technologies. Twelve Step Design Process
- 32. 32 Select anapproach Create a decision-matrix to compare the attributes of the various ideas and analyze the trade-offs associated with each one. Verify alignment between the idea selected and the criteria and constraints Twelve Step Design Process
- 33. 33 Develop adesign proposal Develop detailed and annotated sketches Determine the type(s) of materials from which the solutions will be constructed Make computer models Create technical drawings from the computer model Twelve Step Design Process
- 34. 34 Make amodel or prototype Make study models (scaled models) and/OR Fabricate a functional prototype Twelve Step Design Process
- 35. 35 Test andevaluate the design using specifications Test the prototype under controlled conditions Test the prototype under actual conditions Record the results Evaluate results to determine if problems exist and further work is needed Twelve Step Design Process
- 36. 36 Refine thedesign Reassess the validity of the design criteria and make adjustments to the design brief, if necessary. Work through the design process until the solution satisfies the design criteria. Update the documentation of the final solution. Twelve Step Design Process
- 37. 37 Create ormake solution Determine custom/mass production Consider packaging Twelve Step Design Process
- 38. Twelve Step DesignProcess 38 Communicate Processes and Results Present oral presentations with visual aids (slide show, models, and prototype) Develop written reports with appropriate graphic documentation (charts, graphs, technical drawings, renderings, etc.) Market the product Distribute
- 39. Creativity and Innovationin Design Process 39
- 40. 40 Creativity inDesign Process Creativity is the act of turning new and imaginative ideas into reality. It is characterized by the ability to perceive the world in new ways To find hidden patterns To make connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena Generate solutions. Creativity involves two processes: thinking, then producing. Creativity and Innovation in Design Process
- 41. 41 Innovation inDesign Process Innovation is the implementation of a new or significantly improved product, service or process It creates value for business, government or society. Creativity and Innovation in Design Process
- 42. 42 Creativity andInnovation in Design Process Creativity and Innovation in Design Process
Editor's Notes
- #14 There are an infinite number of problems which designers are trying to solve, so everyone’s design process is different. Nevertheless, I believe there are a few basic steps in the design process
- #19 The basic five-step process usually used in a problem-solving works for design problems as well. Since design problems are usually defined more vaguely and have a multitude of correct answers, the process may require backtracking and iteration. Solving a design problem is a contingent process and the solution is subject to unforeseen complications and changes as it develops. Until the Wright brothers actually built and tested their early gliders, they did not know the problems and difficulties they would face controlling a powered plane.
- #22 You analyze your observations and synthesize them in order to define the core problems you have identified so far. This is where you ensure that what you are addressing sits in sharp relief before you, its properties known in full.
- #23 With the knowledge you have gathered in the first two phases, you can start to “think outside the box”
- #27 Start asking these questions to user or to yourself