Downloaded 52 times
More Related Content
More from Markcacciatore
Dewey revised
- 1.
- 2. Who is JohnDewey? An American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform
- 3. What Did DeweyBelieve? • Dewey had huge ideas starting from the turn of the century until his death in 1952. • He considered two fundamental elements - schools and civil societies - as major topics that needed attention and reconstruction. • He hoped to encourage experimental intelligence and plurality in schools. • This is why a lot of his theory is focused on the impact students will have on society as a result of their education.
- 4. What was JohnDewey Saying? If you had difficultly reading Democracy and Education, you weren’t alone. Here is a quick video summarizing his position:
- 5. Transmission of Education Lifeis a self-renewing process through the action upon the environment. Through the communication of education human-beings acquire the necessary abilities to survive. Education reproduces life and allows man to join society. Community forms in things men have in common through: • ASPIRATIONS • COMMON UNDERSTANDING • BELIEFS • KNOWLEDGE • AIMS However, schools are only one means of transmission.
- 6. To make itsimple… Dewey had some general ideas: • Good Education = Societal Purpose + Purpose for the Individual When students receive a good education, it is good for them AND the well-being of society. The long-term goals are really important but the value of short-term quality in an educational experience should also be appreciated.
- 7. To make itsimple… (continued) Educators are responsible for providing students with experiences that are “immediately valuable.” Student experiences are important!!! While it is the student’s job to acquire the knowledge, teachers have a greater responsibility to make the material relatable instantly. Mann places a HUGE emphasis on student experiences and how those experiences should impact their learning and how that knowledge will impact society.
- 8. To make itsimple… (continued) Schools are ONLY one method of transmission! According to Dewey “Only as we have grasped the necessity of more fundamental and persistent modes of tuition can we make sure of placing the scholastic methods in their true context” Basic resources have to be learned first. Children have to be enabled to share in common life to be part of a social life – “process of living together educates.” "Seek first to understand, then to be understood,“ recommends Stephen Covey (1990) Formal education then becomes necessary to transmit all the resources and achievements of society.
- 9. Skills Learned at Skills Learned at Home School The Four C’s • Social: learn to share • Confidence • Emotional: self-esteem grows • Physical: improve motor skills • Cooperation • Intellectual • Curiosity • Language • Communication • Imagination
- 10. Good So Far? Here’sa video of Dewey explaining his view on education to a fellow teacher
- 11. Dewey’s Pedagogic Creed Thistext is quite long but you should at least skim through (or read the first few sentences of each paragraph) to get an idea of how John Dewey believed education should be:
- 12. Two Extremes inEducation Dewey argued that there were only two approaches to teaching: Traditional vs. Progressive
- 13. Traditional Education “Traditional education would just funnel the knowledge accumulated through history into the student through books and instruction from a teacher without connecting the past to the reality of the student” - John Dewey
- 14. Traditional = Didactic Aswe all know: • Traditional education lacks holistic understanding of the student • Can be too structured • Tends to be focused on discipline. • Students memorize the textbook and other information. • There is little assessment for enduring understanding.
- 15. If all instructionis traditional… There is little room for creativity or originality. All students are the same and are expected to learn the same.
- 16. Progressive = Freedom Is this view too reactionary? According to Dewey, Progressive education Will it take away is: from the power of teachers? -Unstructured Should we allow -Flexible students to question presented -STUDENT DIRECTED material?
- 17. This is NOTwhat Dewey meant…
- 18. Education as aSocial Function • Dewey defines education as “the process of leading or bringing up and is thus a fostering, nurturing, and cultivating process.” • Our environment affects our activities and makes us adapt to our surroundings. • A person has a social environment by associating their activities with others.
- 19. Training vs. Educative Teaching Immature humans are being trained like animals instead of being educated! Human beings in sense have the ability to control (train) their environment Dewey used the example of a burnt child who dreads fire. If a parent controls (train) the condition so that every time a child touched a certain toy he got burned the child would learn to automatically avoid that toy
- 20. In order forstudents to get a real education… • We need to focus on content and process. • In order to do this, teachers must understand the nature of human experience.
- 21. Dewey wrote, "Itis a cardinal precept of the newer school of education that the beginning of instruction shall be made with the experience learners already have; that this experience and the capacities that have been developed during its course provide the starting point for all further learning Educators should focus their curriculum on their present situation as a basis for lessons The teacher should set focus on helping a student develop their purpose
- 22. As societies becomelarger and more complex, the need for formal teaching becomes a necessary "The way out of scholastic systems that made the past an end in itself is to make acquaintance with the past a means of understanding the present" (Dewey) This past knowledge that is to be brought into the minds of students should only be done if it is actually relevant to the student's present situation. Communication through education therefore needs to be more directly associated with the experiences a child has already gained
- 23. Do Student Experiences Count? Of course they do! But how, might you ask? First we need to look at how students have experiences. “Experience arises from the interaction of two principles- Continuity and Interaction”
- 24. But Remember, No Past Experience has a Preordained Value. A rewarding experience for one individual might be damaging for another-- this all depends on how it affects their present future AND how they can use that experience to contribute to society “The belief that all genuine education comes about through experiences does not mean that all experiences are genuinely or equally educative”- John Dewey
- 25. Continuity Interaction Situational influences on Each experience a person has one’s experiences will influence his/her future for better or for worse “One’s present experience is a function of the interaction between one’s past experiences and the present situation.” There should be a subjective quality of student's experiences- We as teachers should understand students so we can “design a sequence of liberating education experiences” that give individuals an opportunity to fulfill their potential as a productive member of society