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Disaster management
The document discusses different types of hazards and disasters including floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, and droughts. It defines hazard, disaster, and disaster management. Disaster management includes response and relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction, mitigation, and preparedness. Various mitigation strategies are provided for different disasters like constructing buildings on elevated areas for floods, building multi-purpose cyclone shelters for cyclones, and engineering structures to withstand shaking for earthquakes.
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Disaster management
- 1. Disaster management submitted by :Sanchi Class: X
- 2. Hazard is adangerous event, natural or human included that could cause injury, loss of life or damage op property, livelihood or environment . For e.g.. Rail, road and air accidents, terrorist attack ect.
- 3. disaster A disaster isweather natural or human included, is an event which results in widespread human loss. it is accompanied by loss of livelihood, property causing suffering and loss in a definite area.
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- 6. Response and relief Immediatemeasures taken during or after the disaster to ensure the effects are minimized.
- 7. Rehabilitation and reconstruction The operationstaken after disaster to help the affected people by giving them money and reconstructing the damages.
- 8. mitigation It Is anyaction taken to minimize the extent of a disaster or potential disaster. It includes improving plantation, relocation of villagers into safer areas, practicing and promoting disaster resistant construction techniques.
- 9. preparedness Activities and measures taken before ahazard event to ensure effective response to the impact of hazards.
- 10. floods Floods are temporary inundationof large regions as a result of an increase in reservoir , rivers, flooding of their banks because of heavy rains , tsunami, wind storms or dam burst.
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- 18. cyclones Cyclones are violentstorms, often of vast extent, characterized by high winds rotating about a calm center of low atmospheric pressure. This is center moves onward. Often with a velocity of 50 km an hour !
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- 23. 2. Protection against wind. 3.Construction on roads which are elevated. 4. Hazard mapping. 5. Land use control.
- 24. earthquakes An earthquake isa sudden release of energy accumulated in deformed rocks causing the ground to tremble or shake. Earthquake is a sudden onset disaster
- 27. A seismograph is an instrument which isused for measuring earthquakes
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- 29. 1.Engineered structures shouldbe designed and built to withstand ground shaking. 2.Before the building is constructed, the balding plan should be checked by the municipality or by any architecture. 3.Public awareness programmers should be made.
- 30. landslides Landslides are massesof rock, earth or derbies which move by force of their own weight down mountain slopes of river banks .they occur without any warning.
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- 34. 1.Drainage correction :maintenance of natural drainage channels. 2.Engineered structures with strong foundations can withstand the ground movement forces. 3.Increasing vegetation cover. 4.Hazard mapping
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- 36. droughts A drought isa climatic anomaly, characterized by deficient supply of moisture resulting either from sub-normal rainfall, erratic rainfall distribution, higher water need or a combination of all the factors.
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- 40. 1.drought monitoring andearly warning. 2.Drought awareness programme. 3.Land use planning. 4.Crop insuring – this is an insurance given to the farmers, who have lost their crops because of lack of water supply.
- 41. 5. Rain waterharvesting
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