DMA, Infiniband

DMA, RDMA
INFINIBAND vs Gigabit Ethernet
Hallym Univ. Park Chunduck

Bus Architecture
• Performance Problem

DMA
• Direct memory access (DMA) is a feature of
computer systems that allows certain hardware
subsystems to access main
system memory (RAM) independently of
the central processing unit(CPU).

Gigabit Ethernet
• 1970년대 초 Xerox 사에서 완성된 연구 결과
• 오늘날 물리 계층과 링크 계층 프로토콜을 널리
채용하는 데 큰 역할을 하였다.
– 1998. standard IEEE need optical fiber(광섬유)
– 2002. fiber standard rectified 승인
– 2009. 1Gb -> 10Gb Ethernet change
• join high performance server system market

INFINIBAND
• I/O 처리에 따른 성능 저하를 해결하기 위해 1999
년 InfiniBand Trade Association(IBTA)라는 단체 출범
• Dell, Intel, Sun, AMD, HP, IBM, 오라클, 시스코 등 업체
가 참여 하였다. 슈퍼컴퓨터나 HPC(High Performance
Computing)에서 서버간 데이터 통신에 사용되고 있다

InfiniBand network topology
• HCA(Host Channel Adapter), It is a bridge connecting the
memory controller and TCA
• TCA(Target Channel Adapter), It will I/O equipment (for example,
SCSI controller card) digital signal to send to HCA

InfiniBand network topology
• Switch
• TCA
• HCA
• Gateway

인피니밴드 vs. 기가비트 이더넷’ 프로토콜 기술
경쟁
• 네트워크 센터 시장에서의 라이벌
• Gigabit Ethernet
– 중급 규모의 데이터 센터들은 Ethernet으로 연결
(확장성)
– Now Gigabit Ethernet can be Big HPC System
• InfiniBand
– 많은 노드를 Single HPC 에 연결하려면
InfiniBand를 사용
– High Performance Datacenter need Infiniband

Ethernet in the TOP500
• mid 2010
– Infiniband Ethernet Total

Ethernet and Infiniband in "Industry" Segment
– Infiniband Ethernet

Number of Ports on TOP500 List and Industry Segment

The Tiers
• The Uptime Institute categorizes the data
centers by four levels: Tier I, II, III and IV.
• These levels correspond to a certain number of
guarantees on the type of hardware deployed
in the data center to ensure redundancy(중복)

The Tiers
• T3(Cold-swap) , T4(Hot-swap)
– Hot swap : exchanage device when it working

DMA, Infiniband

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