Downloaded 20 times
Uploaded byKarthi Keyan
Dna vacccine real
DNA vaccines work by inserting genetic code for antigens into cells, which then produce proteins that induce an immune response. They elicit both antibody and T cell responses and do not require a live or attenuated pathogen. However, safety issues include potential integration into the host genome and autoimmune reactions. While early clinical trials showed promise for diseases like rabies and West Nile virus, DNA vaccines have not yet been approved for widespread use in humans due to concerns over long term effects. Future research aims to develop multi-antigen DNA vaccines and improve delivery methods and immunogenicity.
More Related Content
![Gene rx [autosaved]](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/generxautosaved-190320072736-thumbnail.jpg?width=640&height=640&fit=bounds)
![고영 In class essay(final)[1]](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/inclassessayfinal1-131221074217-phpapp01-thumbnail.jpg?width=640&height=640&fit=bounds)
Similar to Dna vacccine real
Dna vacccine real
- 1.
- 2. CONTENTS Introduction Advantages History Disadvantages DNA vaccines Vs Clinical trials Traditional vaccines How DNA vaccine is made Safety issues Methods of delivery Future of DNA How DNA vaccine works vaccines Conclusion References
- 3. INTRODUCTION DNA vaccine is DNA sequence used as a vaccine. This DNA Sequence code for antigenic protein of pathogen. As this DNA inserted into cells it is translated to form antigenic protein. As this protein is foreign to cells , so immune response raised against this protein. In this way ,DNA vaccine provide immunity against that pathogen.
- 4. HISTORY • In 1990, University of Wisconsin, Jon Wolff found that injection of DNA plasmids produce a protein response in mice. • In 1993, Merck Research Laboratories, Dr. Margaret Liu found that intramuscular injection of DNA from influenzae virus into mice produced complete immune response • In 1996, trials involving T-cell lymphoma, influenzae & herpes simplex virus were started
- 5. DNA vaccines VsTraditional vaccines DNA vaccines Traditional vaccines » Uses only the DNA » Uses weakened or from infectious killed form of infectious organisms. organism. » Avoid the risk of using » Create possible risk of actual infectious the vaccine being fatal. organism. » Provide both Humoral » Provide primarily & Cell mediated Humoral immunity immunity » Usually requires » Refrigeration is not Refrigeration.
- 6. HOW DNA VACCINEIS MADE Viral gene Recombinant DNA Technology Expression plasmid Plasmid with foreign gene
- 7. Transform into bacterial cell Plasmid DNA Bacterial cell
- 8.
- 9.
- 10. METHODS OF DELIVERY Syringedelivery:- Either intramuscularly or Intradermally
- 11. Contd.. Gene gun delivery:- Adsorbed plasmid DNA into gold particles Ballastically accelerated into body with gene gun.
- 12. HOW DNA VACCINEWORKS BY TWO PATHWAYS ENDOGENOUS :- Antigenic Protein is presented by cell in which it is produced EXOGENOUS :- Antigenic Protein is formed in one cell but presented by different cell
- 13. HOW DNA VACCINES WORK + Muscle Cells Plasmid DNA
- 14. ENDOGENOUS PATHWAY Nucleus Plasmid DNA mRNA MHC-I Antigenic Peptides Antigenic Protein
- 15. T- Helper Cell Mu lt ipl y Memory T cells
- 16. EXOGENOUS PATHWAY Antigenic Protein come outside
- 17. s ed oc yto g Pha Antigen Presenting Cell Antigenic Peptides Memory T- Helper Cell Antibodies Cytokines Plasma B-Cell MHC-II Activated B-Cell Memory B-Cell
- 18. WHEN VIRUS ENTERIN THE BODY Memory T-Cell Viral Protein Antibodies
- 19. ADVANTAGES * Elicit both Humoral & cell mediated immunity * Focused on Antigen of interest * Long term immunity * Refrigeration is not required * Stable for storage
- 20. DISADVANTAGES Limited toprotein immunogen only Extended immunostimulation leads to chronic inflammation o Some antigen require processing which sometime does not occur
- 21. CLINICAL TRIALS June 2006,DNAvaccine examined on horse Horse acquired immunity against west nile viruses August 2007,DNA vaccination against multiple Sclerosis was reported as being effective
- 23. Genetic Toxicity Integration ofDNA vaccine into host Genome Insertional mutagenesis Chromosome instability Turn ON Oncogenes Turn OFF Tumor suppressor genes
- 24. Over Expression ofDNA vaccine Acute or chronic inflammatory responses Destruction of normal tisues
- 25. Generation of Autoimmune diseases Anti DNA Antibodies Autoimmune diseases Autoimmune Myositis
- 26. Antibiotic Resistance Plasmidused is resistance to antibiotics for selection Raise the resistance to same antibiotic in the host
- 27. FUTURE PROSPECTS Plasmid withmultiple genes provide immunity against many diseases in one booster DNA vaccines against infectious diseases such as AIDS, Rabies, Malaria can be available
- 28. CONCLUSION * DNA vaccinesare in their early phase. * There are no DNA vaccines in market at present. * But this just the beginning . * DNA vaccines are going to be the vaccines of next generation.
- 29. References > www.medscape.com > www.wikipedia.org > www.sciencedirect.com > www.nature.com > www.biokenyon.com > www.biolife.com Immunology by Kuby 6th Edition Immunology by Tizard 4th Edition
- 30.