Dr Joanna Purdy & Dr Noelle Cotter, (IPH) - A spoonful of sugar…is taxation a solution?

Dr Joanna Purdy & Dr Noelle Cotter, (IPH) - A spoonful of sugar…is taxation a solution?

• 1.
  A spoonful ofsugar…. is taxation a solution? Dr Joanna Purdy and Dr Noëlle Cotter Institute of Public Health in Ireland
• 2.
  ▷Why tax sugarsweetened drinks (SSDs)? ▷Recommendations to reduce sugar intake ▷SSDs tax elsewhere ▷Policy context in the UK and Ireland ▷Consumption of SSDs across the island of Ireland ▷Expected outcomes from a SSDs tax Overview 2
• 3.
  ▷Consumption of freesugars 2-3 times recommended intake ▷SSDs contribute up to 30% of total sugar intake ▷New WHO and SACN recommendations ▷Links to obesity and a range of non-communicable diseases ▷Empty liquid calories Do we need a sugar sweetened drinks tax? Squashes or cordials 1-5 tsp/200ml Carbonated drinks 3-6 tsp/200ml Source: safefood 3
• 4.
  Has a SSDstax been effective elsewhere? Hungary Finland France Mexico 4
• 5.
  Northern Ireland Republic of Ireland NorthernIreland Health (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2016) UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy Republic of Ireland Programme for Government - levy on sugar sweetened drinks Health and Taxation Policy 5
• 6.
  Consumption of SugarSweetened Drinks Across the island of Ireland, males, young people and those from lower socio-economic groups are the most frequent consumers of SSDs 6
• 7.
  Proportion of 11-16year olds in Northern Ireland consuming SSDs at least once a day or most days 37 30 34 22 20 21 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Boys Girls All %11-16yearolds Most days At least once a day Source: Young Person’s Behaviour and Attitudes Survey 20137
• 8.
  Proportion of adultsaged 16+ in Northern Ireland consuming SSDs at least once a day or most days 50 44 36 26 15 13 16 30 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 16-24 25-35 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75+ All %adultsaged16+ Age groups Source: Health Survey Northern Ireland 2014/158
• 9.
  Proportion of adultsaged 16+ in Northern Ireland consuming SSDs at least once a day or most days Source: Health Survey Northern Ireland 2014/15 53 48 39 30 14 30 47 41 32 19 15 28 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55+ All adults 16+ %adultsaged16+ Age groups Male Female 9
• 10.
  Mean daily consumption(g/day) of SSDs among children and adults in Northern Ireland Source: National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008-2012 91 141 258 159 35 169 295 204 112 220 115 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 1.5-3 4-10 11-18 19-64 65+ Grams/day Age group All Males Females 10
• 11.
  Mean daily consumption(g/day) of SSDs among children and adults in Northern Ireland by Multiple Deprivation Measure Source: National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008-2012 132 285 222 158 263 150 128 231 115 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 4-10 11-18 19-64 Grams/day Age group Tertile 1 (most deprived) Tertile 2 Tertile 3 (least deprived) 11
• 12.
  ▷⅓ of 11-16year olds consume SSDs at least once a day, with greater frequency among boys ▷Three in ten adults consume SSDs most days of the week or more often ▷Half of all 16-24 year olds consume SSDs most days of the week or more often, with more frequent consumption among men ▷Boys and men of all ages consume a greater volume of SSDs than girls and women ▷Lower socio economic groups tend to have a higher daily intake of SSDs Consumption of SSDs in Northern Ireland – key findings 12
• 13.
  Proportion of adultsaged 15+ in the Republic of Ireland who consume SSDs 86 68 45 36 58 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ All %adultsaged15+ Age group Source: Healthy Ireland Survey 201513
• 14.
  Proportion of 13year olds in the Republic of Ireland who consumed SSDs in the previous 24 hours 20 17 18 33 25 29 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Boys Girls All %13yearolds Once in last 24 hours More than once in last 24 hours Source: Growing Up in Ireland Survey 201114
• 15.
  Proportion of adultsaged 15+ in the Republic of Ireland consuming SSDs at least once a day or most days* of the week 36 26 12 10 21 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ All %adultsaged15+ Age groups Source: Healthy Ireland Survey 2015 * 4-6 times/week 23% consume SSDs most days or more often 18% consume SSDs most days or more often 15
• 16.
  Proportion of adultsaged 15+ in the Republic of Ireland consuming SSDs at least once a day or most days* Source: Healthy Ireland Survey 2015 * 4-6 times/week 40 29 12 10 23 32 23 11 10 18 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 15-24 25-44 45-64 65+ All %adultsaged15+ Age groups Male Female 16
• 17.
  Proportion of adultsaged 15+ in the Republic of Ireland consuming SSDs at least once a day or most days* by socioeconomic status 16 18 25 23 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Higher managerial Intermediate Routine or manual Not classified %adultsaged15+ Occupation Source: Healthy Ireland Survey 2015 * 4-6 times/week17
• 18.
  ▷Almost half of13 year olds consume SSDs at least once a day ▷Around ⅕ of all adults consume SSDs most days of the week or more often ▷Over ⅓ of 15-24 year olds consume SSDs most days of the week or more often ▷Men consume SSDs more often than women across all age groups ▷Those in routine and manual occupations consume SSDs more frequently than other occupational groups Consumption of SSDs in the Republic of Ireland – key findings 18
• 19.
  Short term Mediumterm Long term Increasing public awareness of sugar harm Sharp decrease in SSDs consumption Shift in consumer behaviour Industry push artificially sweetened beverages and bottled water etc. Private label response will depend on method of implementation Taxation gains for Government Slight increase in SSDs purchases but not back to original Greater consumer awareness about sugar Market shift to alternative beverages Advertising shifts to alternative beverages No significant impacts on industry or jobs anticipated Decreased consumption of SSDs (cultural change) Public acceptance may lead to other health related levies Dip in population prevalence rate of overweight and obese Reduction in costs to the health service for overweight/obesity Marginal reduction in health inequalities Ever decreasing revenue stream for Government (Source: N Cotter) Expected outcomes from a SSDs tax 19
• 20.
  With thanks to: DrHelen McAvoy, Director of Policy, Institute of Public Health in Ireland Department of Health, Northern Ireland for data analysis of the Young Person’s Behaviour and Attitudes Survey (2013) and Health Survey Northern Ireland (2014/15) Food Standards Agency Northern Ireland for access to the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (Northern Ireland) 2008-2012 Department of Children and Youth Affairs, the Irish Social Science Data Archive (www.ucd.ie/issda) and Growing Up in Ireland National Longitudinal Study of Children (2011) Department of Health and Irish Social Science Data Archive for access to Healthy Ireland survey data (2015) Acknowledgements 20
• 21.
  Bates et al(2014) national Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling programme 2008-2012. London: Public Health England Colchero et al (2015) Beverage purchases from stores in Mexico under the excise tax on sugar sweetened beverages: observational study. British Medical Journal. 352: h6704 safefood (2013) The facts about sugary drinks. Cork: safefood Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (2015) Carbohydrates and Health. London: The Stationery Office World Health Organization (2014) Using pricing policies to promote healthier diets. Denmark: WHO World Health Organization (2015) Guideline: Sugars intake for adults and children. Geneva: WHO World Health Organization (2016) Good practice brief – Public health product tax in Hungary. Denmark: WHO References 21
• 22.
  Thank you Any questions? Email:[email protected] [email protected] Web: www.publichealth.ie www.twitter.com/publichealthie 22