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DRM Webinar I: Governing and managing disaster risk in the agriculture sector
The document discusses the importance of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in the agriculture sector, particularly in developing countries like Cambodia, which faces significant challenges from natural hazards. It outlines strategies for integrating DRR and climate change adaptation into agricultural planning and emphasizes the need for institutional capacity building, coordination, and investment in resilience. The document highlights lessons learned from participatory planning processes and the necessity for a multi-sectoral approach to effectively address disaster risks.
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DRM Webinar I: Governing and managing disaster risk in the agriculture sector
- 1. KORE - KnowledgeSharing Platform on Resilience [email protected]
- 2. INFORMED INFORMATION FOR NUTRITIONFOOD SECURITY AND RESILIENCE FOR DECISION MAKING
- 3.
- 4. Governing and managingdisaster risk in the agriculture sector Tuesday, 16 May 2016: 10.30 – 12.00 CEST Moderator: Dominique Burgeon Strategic Programme Leader, FAO’s Programme on Resilience, Director of Emergency and Rehabilitation Division
- 5. Source: EM-DAT CRED Whydisaster risk reduction? Economic damage of disasters triggered by natural hazards worldwide, 1980 - 2014
- 6. Why disaster riskreduction in agriculture? In developing countries, the agriculture sector absorbs about 23 percent of the total damage and losses caused by natural hazards Losses Damages Damage and losses
- 7. The Sendai Framework forDisaster Risk Reduction Agriculture and food security specific • protect livelihoods and productive assets including livestock, working animals, tools and seeds • inclusive policies and social safety-net mechanisms comprising food security With particular relevance for sectors • Embedding DRR within a wider resilience context • Emphasis for sectoral engagement in the planning and delivery of DRR • Call for strengthening the use of science and technology in policy-making • The focus on “Build Back Better” • People-centred
- 8. Moving from Conceptto Action Improve the governance and management of disaster risk and increase the resilience in agriculture • Institutional capacity for DRM for resilience, food security and nutrition • Mainstreaming of DRM in the agriculture sector planning • Linkages between DRM, resilience and climate change adaptation
- 9. Governing and managingdisaster risk in the agriculture sector Tuesday, 16 May 2016: 10.30 – 12.00 CEST Speaker I: Proyuth Ly Expert on disaster risk management planning in agriculture sectors, FAO Cambodia
- 10. DRR and CCAPolicy Frameworks, and Mainstreaming DRR and CCA in Agriculture Sector in Cambodia
- 11. General context ofdisasters in Cambodia • Cambodia is prone to natural disasters • Key hazards: floods and droughts, pest and disease outbreak • Typhoon in 2009, floods in 2011 and 2013 caused over $1 billion damages and losses Source: UNDP, 2013 Unknow n Source: MRC, 2012
- 12. General context ofdisasters in Cambodia 2015/2016 El Niño Impacts: • Worst drought in 50 years for Southeast Asia • 2.5 million people across Cambodia’s 18 provinces severely impacted • Results of the Joint Assessment by WFP, FAO and UNICEF, with 2400 HH in May 2016: o 37 % of households reported water shortages o 18 % of agricultural households experienced crop failures o 22 % decline in household paddy and cassava production o High animal morbidity and mortality rate especially poultry o 62 % of households reported income losses • Follow up survey again in December 2016 to assess the extent to which normality has returned (results yet to be finalized)
- 13. Institutional settings forDRR and CCA National Council for Sustainable Development (NCSD) National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)
- 14. DRR and CCAPolicy Framework • Law on Disaster Management • National Action Plan for DRR (NAP-DRR) 2014-2018 • Cambodia Climate Change Strategic Plan (CCCSP) 2014-2023 • Sectoral DRR and CCA Action Plans: Agriculture, Education, Transport, Public Health, Gender, Water Resources etc.
- 15. DRR/CCA in agricultureplanning at national and sub-national level Covering all sub-sectors with DRR integrated into the action plan DIPECHO I (2013-2014), DIPECHO II (2014-2015): Cropping sector Provincial Action Plans
- 16. Integrating DRR intoClimate Change Priorities Action Plan for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (CCPAP) • DIPECHO I: Plan of Action for DRR in Agriculture 2014-2018, covering crop sector • DIPECHO II: expanded the action plan to other sub-sectors (livestock, fisheries and forestry) • Consultations with MAFF : not to develop a stand-alone DRR document, but rather updating the existing CCPAP 2014-2018, by integrating DRR aspects • Updating exercises led by MAFF through the Technical Working Group on Climate Change for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, with technical and planning support from FAO • The updating exercises were government led processes and highly participatory
- 17. Integrating DRR intoClimate Change Priorities Action Plan for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (CCPAP) • Each sub-sector (crops, livestock, forestry and fisheries) established a technical team to work with FAO on drafting key DRR related key actions/activities to be integrated into existing CCPAP. • Several consultation workshops, technical reviews and validation
- 18. Integrating DRR intoClimate Change Priorities Action Plan for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (CCPAP) • Strengthen capacities for risk prevention and reduction, effective emergency preparedness and response at all levels • Enhance coordination mechanism e.g. ensuring active membership of AG officers in NCDM, PDMCs, DDMCs and CDMCs with the task to enhance coordination and complementary between DM-committees’ and agricultural planning at all levels • Enhance early warning systems • Promote risk transfer mechanism • Integrate DRR and CCA measures into recovery and rehabilitation initiatives in the agriculture sector
- 19. Challenges in updatingexercises • Updating existing document (little room for integration, need to follow existing format) • Coordination with different sub-sectors • Cannot explicitly highlight water related management issues as it is under another ministry
- 20. Provincial Plan ofAction for DRR/CCA in Agriculture Guided by the National Action Plan for DRR 2014-2018 and Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 (SFDRR)
- 21. Action plan implementation •Challenging due to government’s limited budget • No figures on Government investment in DRR/M • UNDP is conducting studies on the public investment in DRR/M across sectors • Sub-national agriculture department reported using the priority actions for their progamme budgeting (FAO resilience programme evaluation) • FAO’s GEF funded project is developing curriculum for CSA based FFS, combining the strengths of the proven FFS approach with a robust process for DRR & CCA • Government programme (through ADB/IFAD grant and loan totaling over $55 million) shows interest in adapting the training curriculum in 270 communes of 7 provinces.
- 22. Lessons learned • Ateam/group inclusive approach • Requires strong coordination and commitment from a leading institution like GDA and good cooperation from line-departments of MAFF • Participatory and government-led process => full ownership by the government • National planning document: conceptual and thematic umbrella • Sub-national level planning => hazard specific context fine-tuned and prioritized • DRR/CCA integrated as crosscutting issues not as as additional standalone topic • MAFF has been much ahead than other ministries in mainstreaming DRR into their development planning • Planning documents: timely developped in alignment with global development agendas (Sendai, SDGs, and Paris Climate Agreement).
- 23. Thank you foryour kind attention!
- 24. Governing and managingdisaster risk in the agriculture sector Tuesday, 16 May 2016: 10.30 – 12.00 CEST Speaker II: Sophie Baranes Coordinator of the Capacity for Disaster Reduction Initiative
- 26. Content 1. Challenges formainstreaming risk reduction in sector plans 2. CADRI a country driven mechanism to develop inclusive national DRR strategies
- 27. Challenges mainstreaming riskreducting in sector • Reducing disaster risks calls for a holistic approach working across all sectors and at all levels (a “whole of government” and “whole of society” approach). • Progress and challenges in mainstreaming DRR in agriculture o Lack of synergies with other sector risk reduction strategies o Lack of practical tools for mainstreaming risk reduction into sector interventions o Lack of enabling environment (legislation, budget, risk information) • National DRR Strategies can be used to elevate DRR as a policy priority by including specific measures that promote the integration of DRR into sectoral development planning, budgeting and institutional arrangements. • National DRR strategies can be used to align government / private sector / CSO / international partners efforts across sectors
- 28. CADRI: a countrydriven mechanism to develop inclusive national DRR strategies • OBJECTIVE 1 Promote a multi sectoral approach to capacity development in DRR By bringing together agencies with diverse sectoral expertise and outreach to their respective sector ministries • OBJECTIVE 2 Promote coherence in capacity development programming at country level By supporting the design of a national framework for capacity development in DRR and the articulation of coherent UN System and other stakeholders programming to address capacity gaps
- 29. CADRI added value:multi-sectoral expertise to facilitate a multi-sectoral approach
- 30. The CADRI Partnershiptoday From 3 founding members in 2007 to 13 partners in 2017
- 31. CADRI services toUNCTs/countries Scoping • Define TORs of CADRI engagement Diagnosis • Assess capacities, gaps, needs • Propose recommendations Prioritization/ Planning • Prioritize recommendations • Develop costed action plan Training • Customized modules to address capacity gaps Programming • Agency-specific programmes to address gaps • Joint programme • UNDAF development Country to Country • Facilitate country-to-country/ peer-to-peer experience exchange Access to expertise • Facilitate access to expertise and resources in and beyond the UN (referral)
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- 33. 29 Capacity AssessmentProcesses Results 19National Plans/ Programs + Support to institutional, legal or policy reform Albania Armenia Benin Burkina Faso Burundi CDI Chad Gambia Georgia Ghana Guinea Jordan Kosovo Lesotho Macedonia Madagascar Mali Mauritania Moldova Namibia Niger Nigeria Philippines Sao Tome & Principe Serbia Swaziland Turkey Zimbabwe + UN coherence & positioning + Training of Government & UN
- 34. DRR in agriculture– what are we looking at? Understanding of risk • Risk and vulnerability assessments for agriculture • Climate Services provider of climate info, services and tools • Monitoring of disaster losses and damages Governance • Legislation policy, strategies, plans (fisheries, forestry, livestock etc) • Coordination mechanism for DRR in agriculture – institutional arrangements between ministries • Budget allocation for DRR Resilience • Natural Resource Management • Sustainable land use / Sustainable water management • Risk reducing technologies and practices – seeds etc • Risk proofing rural infrastructure • Risk transfer mechanisms – forecast based financing Preparedness for response and recovery • Disaster preparedness and response for agriculture &food security • Trans-boundary plant/animal pests & disease • Post-disaster needs assessment for agriculture
- 35. Where are thegaps? • Understanding of risk o Lack of risk information that are sector specific o Limited data on loss and damages o Need more early warning products that are sector specific o Open source data / single platform centralizing hazard and vulnerability data • Sector specific strategies are focused on preparedness (ensuring that development gains and productivity are protected) - need also to ensure that investment in the sector do not increase existing and future levels of risk • Lack of enabling environment o Legislation that make risk assessment a requirement o Coordination mechanism to promote information sharing between sectors at all levels including private sector and civil society o Integration between climate and DRR community o National strategy that promote synergies between sectors DRR plans • Lack of practical user firendly tools for mainstreaming risk reduction o DRR Expenditure review or budegt tracking tool o Sector loss and damage accounting o Cost Benefit Analysis tool • Linking DRR strategies with national SDG strategies
- 36. Governing and managingdisaster risk in the agriculture sector Comments ? Questions? Please write them in the chat box
- 37. THANK YOU ! Giveus your feedback Click on the link in the chat box KORE - Knowledge Sharing Platform on Resilience [email protected]
- 38. Join us forour next DRM webinar: Assessing risks and impacts from extreme events/natural hazards on the agriculture sector 30 May 2017, 15:00-16:30 CEST (UTC+2) KORE - Knowledge Sharing Platform on Resilience [email protected]
Editor's Notes
- #6 Over the past decade, economic damages resulting from natural hazards have amounted to 1.5 trillion USD caused by geophysical hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, as well as hydro-meteorological hazards, including storms, floods, droughts and wild fires. Climate-related disasters, in particular, are increasing worldwide and expected to intensify with climate change. They disproportionately affect food insecure, poor people – over 75 percent of whom derive their livelihoods from agriculture.
- #7 Every year, natural disasters decimate livelihoods and result in millions of food insecure people around the world. Small scale farmers, herders, fisher folks and forest dependent communities are particularly vulnerable. In developing countries, agriculture absorbs about 23 percent of the economic impacts of natural hazards. When only droughts are considered, this figure increases significantly to 84 percent. Agriculture sectors (crop, livestock, forestry and fisheries) are particularly vulnerable to natural hazards. At the same time, agricultural sectors offer innovative solutions to tackle the root causes of risks and thereby protecting their livelihoods in the face of disasters, climate change and crises.
- #8 Agricultural livelihoods can be protected from hazards if adequate disaster risk reduction and management efforts are strengthened within and across sectors, anchored in the context-specific needs of local livelihoods systems. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction refers to the need to protect livelihoods and productive assets including livestock, working animals, tools and seeds and calls for more coherent development policies comprising food security, and the role of social safety-net mechanisms in the realm of food security and nutrition. Further notable innovations of the Sendai Framework with high relevance for the role of sectors are: Embedding DRR within a wider resilience context including the shift to a wider multi hazard risk management approach, which includes transboundary, technological and biological hazards and disasters; The clear articulation of the role of disaster risk governance and emphasis for sectoral engagement in the planning and delivery of DRR; including budget allocation and sector-specific indicators to enhance accountability The strong call for strengthening the use of science and technology in policy-making; The focus on “Build Back Better” during recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction. People-centred
- #9 The Sendai Framework was a key milestone. The importance of disaster risk reduction in sustainable development and the role of sectors have also been recognized in other global agendas, namely the Sustainable Development Goals, the Paris Agreement, the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, the Agenda for Humanity, the New Urban Agenda. Disaster risk reduction is everyone’s business. FAO has the firm conviction that we need to increase our efforts to move from concept development towards tangible delivery of services at all levels, addressing acute, underlying risks as well as the creation of new disaster risks. In order to achieve this, it is crucial and urgent to improve the governance and management of disaster risk and increase the resilience IN AGRICULTURE. In this context, today, we will be addressing The Institutional capacity development for DRM for resilience, food security and nutrition; The mainstreaming of Disaster risk management in the agriculture sector planning; and Linking planning and capacity development for DRM, resilience and climate change adaptation