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- 1. Understanding Basic Concepts inDRRM Disaster Risk Reduction Network Philippines ( DRRNetphils)
- 2. The Philippines –a disaster risk epicenter The Philippines – a disaster risk epicenter
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- 5. • Located inthe Pacific Ring of Fire – earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards NDCC
- 6. PHILIPPINE SEISMICITY Magnitude 4 orgreater 1907 - present
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- 8. HAZARDS IN THEEastern VISAYAS • Typhoons • Floods / Storm Surges • Landslides • Tsunami • Drought • Earthquakes • Epidemics • Agricultural (Infestations )
- 9. • Archipelagic natureof the Philippine coastal areas - increases susceptibility to storm surges, tsunamis and sea level changes. • Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire – earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards • Lies along the western part of the Pacific Ocean – monsoons, thunderstorm, ITCZ, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña • Floods are common due to rains brought by typhoons and the monsoon.
- 10. • Lies alongthe western part of the Pacific Ocean – monsoons, thunderstorm, ITCZ, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña
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- 12. Vulnerability in Southeast Asia •A January 2009 mapping study done by Dr. Arief Anshory Yusuf and Dr. Herminia Francisco of the Singapore-based Economy and Environment Program for Southeast Asia shows the vulnerability of Southeast Asia alone shows alarming trends.
- 17. Millions of Filipinosare at risk. Millions of Filipinos are at risk.
- 18. • The Philippinesranks number one in the whole world in terms of number of reported disaster events within 2009. • In 2009 the Philippines ranked second in terms of population affected by natural disasters and third in the world in terms of number of people killed. (Source: CRED EM Data, Human Impact of Disasters, 2009).
- 19. Source: Center forDisaster Response, 2010
- 20. Source: Center forDisaster Response, 2010
- 21. Source: Center forDisaster Response, 2010
- 22. Source: Center forDisaster Response, 2010
- 23. Source: Center forDisaster Response, 2010
- 24. Disaster Risk Management •a range of activities that contribute to increasing capacities and reducing immediate and long-term vulnerabilities to prevent or at least minimize damaging impact in a community
- 25. Disaster Risk ManagementActivities a) Before the disaster • Prevention • Mitigation • Preparedness b) During the disaster – emergency reliefs and responses c) After the disaster • Recovery: rehabilitation and reconstruction • “Building back better
- 26. Disaster Risk Reduction •It is a proactive approach to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks to minimize loss of life, livelihood and property. • DRR incorporates aspects of good governance, sustainable development, risk (natural; human; and climate risks) assessments, knowledge and education, risk management, vulnerability reduction, disaster preparedness and response – guided by principles of human rights and security, gender equity and equality, cultural sensitivity and empowering participation. • It has been said that every $1 spent on risk reduction saves between $5 and $10 in economic losses from disasters ( Eric Schwartz (UN Deputy Secretary General)).
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- 28. Disaster Medium-Term Response Transitional Housing ProvisionalSocial Services Road Clearing Income Generation Water System Rehabilitation Long-Term Response Road reconstruction Social infrastructure reconstruction Resumption of Production Mitigation, Prevention, and Preparedness Formation & training of local disaster committees Early Warning Systems Engineering Mitigation Evacuation Routes Risk Mapping Short-Term Response Search & Rescue Emergency Food and Water Temporary Shelter Bridges Emergency Phase Rehabilitation Reconstruction Pre-Disaster Phase The Natural Disaster Cycle Traditional Disaster Cycle
- 29. Conceptual Framework forDisaster Risk Reduction, UNISDR Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction & Management Framework
- 30. NOON DAPAT NGAYON Disastersare unforeseen events which cannot be prevented. Disasters can be prevented. We can prepare to avoid and reduce damage and loss. Stress is on emergency response and recovery Stress is on disaster risk reduction & management activities before the disaster – on prevention, mitigation & preparedness People affected by disasters are helpless victims and passive recipients of external aid. •People affected by disasters are active actors in reducing their vulnerabilities, in emergency response and rebuilding their lives and livelihood. •People’s existing capacities are used and strengthened to reduce disaster risk and vulnerabilities Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010
- 31. NOON DAPAT NGAYON Disastermanagement is the sole responsibility of the NDCC, local DCCs and specialists such as the scientist, economist, social worker, government and NGOs •Recognition of the importance of community participation. Disaster risk management is everybody’s responsibility. •Stress on building capacity at the national, local & community levels for an integrated, multi-stakeholder and responsive disaster management system. Focus on physical and material aid and technical solutions Covers material, economic, social , environmental motivational aspects to reduce vulnerability Focus on individual households •Focus on individuals, family and community risk reduction. •Linked to community development. Donors (outsiders) decide on what the families and community need. The community participates in decision making to prioritize needs and risk reduction solutions. The aim of disaster management is to reduce immediate suffering and meet emergency needs. The aim of DRRM is to reduce people’s vulnerabilities and increase capacities to better prepare and cope with disasters. Source: Center for Disaster Response, 2010
- 32. Republic Act No.10121 “The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010” (Approved on May 27, 2010; Effective on June 24, 2010) * DRRM Act Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) – approved on September 27, 2010
- 33. Republic Act No.10121 “An Act Strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, Providing for the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Framework and Institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes”
- 34. Basis of RA10121 The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) Priorities for Action: Governanc e Risk Assessment Vulnerabilit y Reduction Knowledge Manageme nt Disaster Preparedne ss
- 35. Basis of RA10121 Risk reduction tools are ready for adaptation use. The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide. Risk reduction tools are ready for adaptation use. The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide.
- 36. Risk reduction toolsare ready for adaptation use. The Hyogo Framework for action is a critical guide. The World Conference on Disaster Reduction held from 18 to 22 January 2005 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, and adopted the present Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (here after referred to as the “Framework for Action”). The Conference provided a unique opportunity to promote a strategic and systematic approach to reducing vulnerabilities and risks to hazards. It underscored the need for, and identified ways of, building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters.3
- 38. Salient Features ofRA 10121 Coherence with the international framework
- 39. Salient Features ofRA 10121 Strengthened institutional mechanism for DRRM
- 40. Salient Features ofRA 10121 • Integrated, coordinated, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and community-based approach to disaster risk reduction
- 41. Salient Features ofRA 10121 • Coherence with the international framework • Adherence to universal norms, principles, and standards of humanitarian assistance • Good governance through transparency and accountability • Strengthened institutional mechanism for DRRM • Integrated, coordinated, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and community-based approach to disaster risk reduction
- 42. Salient Features ofRA 10121 • Empowerment of local government units (LGUs) and civil society organizations (CSOs) as key partners in disaster risk reduction • Integration of the DRRM into the educational system • Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (DRRMF) at the national and local levels • Providing for provisions on the declaration of a state of calamity, remedial measures, prohibited acts and penalties therefor.
- 43. Key Players underRA 10121 National Governme nt Local Governme nt Communit y Civil Society
- 44. Governance • Restructuring ofDisaster Management Institutions PD 1566 RA 10121 National DCC OCD (Secretariat) Regional DCC Provincial DCC City/Municipal DCC Barangay DCC Overseeing Implementing National DRRMC OCD Regional DRRMC Provincial DRRMC City/ Municipal DRRMC Barangay Devt.Counc il Regional OCD Provincial DRRMO Barangay DRRM Committe e City/ Municipal DRRMO
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- 46. Governance RDRRMC (Sec. 10) Composition (Rule4, Sec. 2) OCD CDOs Chair DILG Disaster Preparedness DSWD Response DOST Prevention & Mitigation NEDA Rehab & Recovery Vice-Chairs MEMBERS • Executives of regional offices and field stations of NDRRMC government agency members • Other entities that may be invited by the RDRRMC Secretariat Existing regional offices of OCD
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- 48. Governance • LDRRMO (Sec.12) DRRM Officer Administrative & Training Operations & Warning Research & Planning
- 49. Governance What governs DRRMimplementation?
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- 51. CSO Participation • Consultationswith key stakeholders is required with respect to identification, assessment and prioritization of hazards and risks (Sec. 9(c)), development of a manual of operations for volunteers (Sec. 9(o)), and formulation of the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of the Act (Sec. 25) • Multi-stakeholder participation in the development, updating and sharing of a Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Information System and Geographic Information System-based national risk map as policy, planning and decision-making tools (Sec. (6)(d)). • A system of accreditation, mobilization and protection of disaster volunteers, National Service Reserve Corps, CSOs and the private sector (Sec. 13) • Mobilization and utilization of their facilities and resources in DRR activities and during emergencies
- 52. CSO Participation • Consultationswith key stakeholders is required with respect to identification, assessment and prioritization of hazards and risks (Sec. 9(c)), development of a manual of operations for volunteers (Sec. 9(o)), and formulation of the implementing rules and regulations (IRR) of the Act (Sec. 25) • Multi-stakeholder participation in the development, updating and sharing of a Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Information System and Geographic Information System-based national risk map as policy, planning and decision-making tools (Sec. (6)(d)). • A system of accreditation, mobilization and protection of disaster volunteers, National Service Reserve Corps, CSOs and the private sector (Sec. 13) • Mobilization and utilization of their facilities and resources in DRR activities and during emergencies
- 53. Sustainability • Funding NDRRM Fund– appropriated under the GAA; QRF = 30% Uses of the NDRRM Fund: a) Disaster risk reduction or mitigation, prevention and preparedness activities such as but not limited to training of personnel, procurement of equipment, and capital expenditures; b) Relief, recovery, reconstruction and other work or services in connection with natural or human-induced calamities which may occur during the budget year or those that occurred in the past two (2) years from the budget year.
- 54. Sustainability • Funding LDRRMF -not less than five percent (5%) of the estimated revenue from regular sources ; QRF = 30% Uses of the LDRRMF: a) pre-disaster preparedness programs including training, purchasing life-saving rescue equipment, supplies and medicines; b) post-disaster activities; and, c) payment of premiums on calamity insurance
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Editor's Notes
- #2 The Philippines lies in an area highly prone to natural hazards, owing to its location and geographic landscape. Archipelagic with a long coastline Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire: earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards Along the Western Pacific Basin: monsoons, thunderstorms, inter-tropical convergence zones, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña.
- #3 The Philippines lies in an area highly prone to natural hazards, owing to its location and geographic landscape. Archipelagic with a long coastline Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire: earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards Along the Western Pacific Basin: monsoons, thunderstorms, inter-tropical convergence zones, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña.
- #4 The Philippines lies in an area highly prone to natural hazards, owing to its location and geographic landscape. Archipelagic with a long coastline Located in the Pacific Ring of Fire: earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic hazards Along the Western Pacific Basin: monsoons, thunderstorms, inter-tropical convergence zones, typhoons, El Niño, La Niña.