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DRUGS USED IN ALTERNATIVE SYSTEM OF MEDICINE.pptx
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- 2. • Alternative medicineare interventions that differ from the traditional or conventional biomedical treatment of disease. • Its an intervention that is used instead of conventional medicine. INTRODUCTION BEFORE INDEPENDENT: GOI - traditional system of medicine (ayurveda, siddha & unani) non drug therapies (yoga & naturopathy) Definition Page 2 of 71
- 3. After independent • After1947 GOI recognized merits of CAM. • WHO - health for all (ASU) • 1995 under ministry of health & family welfare • Separate dept of Indian System of Medicine &Homeopathy Page 3 of 71
- 4. •According to NationalCenter for Complementary & Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) •Biologically based methods. •Energy medicine systems. •Manipulative & body based practices. •Mind body medicine systems. •Whole body medical systems CLASSIFICATIONS Page 4 of 71
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- 6. l. BIOLOGICALLY BASEDMETHODS • HERBAL MEDICINE • DIET & NUTRITION SUPPLEMENTS. • Biologically based practices use substances found in nature such as herbs, foods, vitamins, and other natural substances Page 6 of 71
- 7. 2.ENERGY MEDICINE SYSTEMS •ELECTRO MAGNETIC FIELDS • QIGONG • THERAPEUTIC TOUCH • Biofield therapies are intended to influence energy fields that purportedly surround and penetrate the body. • Bioelectromagnetic-based therapies use verifiable electromagnetic fields, such as pulsed fields, alternating- current or direct-current fields in an unconventional manner. Page 7 of 71
- 8. 3.MANIPULATIVE &BODY BASEDPRACTICES • ACU-PUNCTURE • CHIROPRACTIC • AROMATHERAPY • MASSAGE THERAPY • MIND BODY MEDICAL SYSTEM • Manipulative and body-based practices feature manipulation or movement of body parts, such as is done in chiropractic and osteopathic manipulation Page 8 of 71
- 9. MIND BODY MEDICALSYSTEM • BIO-FEEDBACK • HYPNOSIS • TAI-CHI • YOGA • Mind-body medicine takes a holistic approach to health that explores the interconnection between the mind, body, and spirit. It works under the premise that the mind can affect "bodily functions and symptoms Page 9 of 71
- 10. WHOLE BODY MEDICALSYSTEM. • HOMEOPATHY • TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE • Nutritional therapy • Massage • Meditation • Herbal treatment • Physical exercise • Acupuncture Page 10 of 71
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- 12. Ayurveda Traditional Hindu systemof medicine. Practiced in India since 1st centaury AD BODY MATRIX humors Page 12 of 71
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- 14. Waste products ofthe body: feces, urine & sweat. • The growth & decay of this body matrix comprises hum ours, tissues, &wastes. • Ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation & metabolism of food interplay in health & disease. • Its affected by psychological mechanism as well as bio-fire (agni) Page 14 of 71
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- 16. • All objectsincluding human body composed of earth. water, fire, air & vacuum. • There is a balanced condensation of these elements in different proportions to meet the needs of body matrix. • Growth & development of body matrix depends on its nutrition (food). • The food composed of 5 elements which nourish the body after the action of biofire. Ayurveda – panchaphutas Page 16 of 71
- 17. Ayurveda - health& sickness • Health & sickness- depends on presence or absence of balanced state of total body matrix. • Both intrinsic & extrinsic factors can cause disturbance in natural equilibrium leads to disease. Cause of loss of equilibrium • Irregular diet, • Undesirable habits, • Seasonal abnormalities, & improper exercise, incompatible action of body & mind Page 17 of 71
- 18. Ayurveda -diagnosis • Generalphysical examination • Pulse examination • Urine examination. • Examine skin, ear, tongue, eyes including • tactile & auditory functions. • Examination of feces. Page 18 of 71
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- 20. Ayurveda - treatment •Regulating the diet & activity. • Correcting life routine & behavior . • Administration if drugs. • Restoring to preventive panchakarma. • Rasayana therapy. • Purification treatment. • Palliative treatment • Psychotherapy • Avoidance of disease causative factor Page 20 of 71
- 21. Ayurveda - treatment •1.Palliative treatment •Shamana Therapy: • Elimination of vitiated (humors) doshas • (digestive, creation of hunger or thirst, exercise and sun rays, fresh air, appetizer) Page 21 of 71
- 22. Purification treatment • 2.ShodhanaTherapy: • Aim: • Removal of causative factors of somatic psychosomatic disease. • It is by – vanchakarma • Emesis, • Purgation, • Blood letting, • Enema Page 22 of 71
- 23. Prescription of diet& activities 3.pathyavvavastha: • Its indications & contraindications in diet, activity, habits & emotional status. • Emphasis on dos & don'ts of diet to stimulate agni & optimize digestion & assimilation of food to strength of tissues Page 23 of 71
- 24. Avoidance of diseasecausing & aggravating factors 4.Nidan parivar jan: • This is to avoid the known disease causing factors in diet & life style of the patient. • It stress to refrain from precipitating & aggravating disease factors. Page 24 of 71
- 25. Psycho therapy .... 5.Satvavaiaya • Concernwith mental disturbances. • Refraining the mind from diseases. • Cultivation of courage, memory & concentration. Page 25 of 71
- 26. USE OF IMMUNOMODULATORS 6. Rasayanatherapy: • Deals with strength & vitality • Integrity of body matrix, • Immunity against diseases. • Promotion of memory, intelligence. • Preservation of youths Page 26 of 71
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- 28. SIDDHA MEDICINE • Oldestmedicine in India. • Meaning - achievement. • 18 siddhars were formulated therapy from nature. • CONCEPT: • Believe 5 basic elements, humors, its disturbance leads to disease condition. • Human body is the replica of the universe Page 28 of 71
- 29. MATERIA MEDICA • SIDDHASYSTEM has developed a rich & unique treasure of drug knowledge by use of metals &minerals. • 25 varieties of water soluble inorganic compounds called UPPU. (alkali &salts.) • 64 varieties of mineral drugs insoluble in water but vapors when put in fire. • 32 of these are natural & 32 are artificial. Page 29 of 71
- 30. Materia medica • Systemhas classified into metals & alloys which melt when heated & solidifies when Cooled • They are • Silver • Copper • Iron • Gold • Lead • These are incinerated in special process & used in medicine. Page 30 of 71
- 31. ALCHEMY • Chemistry hadfound well developed in to science auxiliary to medicine & alchemy. • Process of alchemical operation • Calcinations • Sublimations • Distillation • Fusion • Separation • Conjunction • Combination • Fermentation • Exaltation • Citation Page 31 of 71
- 32. Siddha • Disease treated: •All types of disease other than emergencies. • All types of skin problem – • psoriasis, • STD,URI, • Disease of liver; & GI tract, general disability, • Postpartum anemia, diarrhea & general fever, allergic disorder, arthritis. Page 32 of 71
- 33. Diagnosis in siddha medicine •Identification of the cause, • Examination of pulse, • Urine, • Tongue, • Colour of the body & digestive system. Page 33 of 71
- 34. Care of women'shealth • Siddha strongly advocate breast feeding. • It believes in food itself in medicine. • Nursing & lactating mothers are advised iron, protein & fiber rich diet to prevent nutritional disorders. • Once in 15 days mothers are advised to take deworming . • It also treat menopausal syndromes especially problem with hormonal imbalance. Page 34 of 71
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- 36. Naturopathy • Concepts ofdisease causation: • Accumulation of morbid matter. • Lowered vitality. • Abnormal composition of blood & lymph. Page 36 of 71
- 37. Principles of naturopathy •All disease, their cause, & their treatment are one. • The basic cause of disease is not bacteria, (accumulation of morbid matter....) • Acute diseases are our friends not the enemies. • Chronic disease are the out come of wrong treatment & suppression of acute disease. • Nature is the greatest healer. • In naturopathy patient is treated not the disease. Page 37 of 71
- 38. Naturopathy principles • Diagnosisis easily possible. No need for long waiting. • Chronic ailments are also treated successfully. • After emerging suppressed disease are also can be treated. • Nature cure treats physical, mental, social & spiritual simultaneously. • Nature cure treats body as a whole instead of giving treatment to each organ separately. • It does not use medicines “food in medicine. Page 38 of 71
- 39. Diagnostic methods in naturopathy •Facial diagnosis • Iris diagnosis. • Modem clinical diagnosis Page 39 of 71
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- 42. Homeopathy • Its basedon main law : • Similia, similibus, cureatus - similar are similar. • Disease cause: • Disturbance in vital force leads disease. m Living against nature. • Improper diet. • Day to-day life stress. Page 42 of 71
- 43. Homeopathy principles • Similarsymptoms cure a disease expressing with similar symptoms. • Any particular symptom in its substance form in the human body produces a set of symptoms in the human body. • To get rid off the same sets of symptoms of a diseased individual when given in a refined/ defined form. • It does not only relief symptoms but to total eradication of disease Page 43 of 71
- 44. Preparation of homeopathy medicine •Any herb is stored in extra natural alcohol for a period of time (3wks). • The portion is drained out - “mother tincture". • A drop of mother tincture in 99 drops of alcohol & shaken 10 times which becomes 1SL potency of homeopathy medicine. • 1st potency is mixed with 99 drops of alcohol Sc shaken it. • This is secondary potency of homeopathy medicine. Page 44 of 71
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- 46. Classification of remedies •Currently 3000 remedies documented for human illness. • XXRemedies are 5 types: • Specific remedies • Constitutional remedies • Singular remedies • Poly chrest rest remedies • Combination remedies Page 46 of 71
- 47. Homeopathy • Main aim: •Revitalize the injured vital force • No side effects of the medicine in human organism. • Treatment without surgeries: • Sinusitis, tonsillitis, • Hemorrhoids, renal calculi, fissure & fistula in ano, disc prolapse Page 47 of 71
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- 49. YOGA • Yoga isa science of holistic living "yuj" means to unite or integrate total initiations of physical ,mental, intellectual and spiritual aspects of human personality . • It aims at the harmonious development of body mind and soul. Page 49 of 71
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- 51. UNANI • According tothe principles and philosophy of Unani Medicine, disease is a natural process, • Its symptoms are the reactions of the body to the disease, and the chief function of the physician is to aid the natural forces of the body. • Unani Medicine is basically based on Humoral theory. Page 51 of 71
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- 53. DIET THERAPIES 1,GERS0N THERAPY •The Gerson Therapy is a powerful, natural treatment that activates the body's own healing mechanism through consuming organic vegetarian foods and juices, detoxification and natural supplements Page 53 of 71
- 54. 2.KELLY REGIMEN • TheKelley regimen is a metabolic therapy that became one of the most well-known alternative cancer treatments in the 1970s. • It was developed in the early 1960s by an orthodontist, William Kelley • The Kelley regimen includes drinking juices, receiving coffee enemas, and taking nutritional supplements such as pancreatic enzymes. Page 54 of 71
- 55. 3.KET0GENIC DIET • Theketogenic diet is a high fat, adequate protein, low carbohydrate diet, primarily used to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children Page 55 of 71
- 56. 4. MACROBIOTIC DIET •Is a dietary regimen that involves eating grains as a staple food supplemented with other foodstuffs such as vegetables and beans, and avoiding the use of highly processed or refined food Page 56 of 71
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- 58. HERBAL THERAPIES • Chineseherbs are used specially as antiviral and energy immune boosters, to support the stressed organs during chemotherapy and pain caused by radiation therapy. Page 58 of 71
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- 60. ACUPUNCTURE • The termpuncture describes a family of procedures involving the stimulation of anatomical points on the body using a variety of techniques. • The acupuncture technique that has been most often studied scientifically involves penetrating the skin with thin, solid, metallic needles that are manipulated by the hands or by electrical stimulation. Page 60 of 71
- 61. BIO-BEHAVIOURAL THERAPIES l. BIO-FEEDBACK •Biofeedback is a non-invasive form of treatment. • The therapist attaches sensors or electrodes to the body and these sensors provide a variety of readings. Page 61 of 71
- 62. 2.IMAGERY • To makethe • Mind, thought from distance of stress, pain, tension & diversion 3. MUSIC THERAPY • To Divert The Clients Mind From Pain. Page 62 of 71
- 63. 3 .YOGA Page 63of 71
- 64. 4.RELAXATION THERAPY • Relaxationfrom tension, stress, mental discomfort Page 64 of 71
- 65. l. AROMA THERAPIES •The modes of application of aromatherapy include: • Aerial diffusion: for environmental fragrancing or aerial disinfection • Direct inhalation: for respiratory disinfection, decongestion, expectoration as well as psychological effects • Topical applications: for general massage, baths, compresses, therapeutic skin care Page 65 of 71
- 66. 2. ART THERAPY •Art therapy is a form of expressive therapy that uses art materials, such as paints, chalk and markers. 3.HYDRO THERAPY • It's the generic term for water therapies using jets, underwater massage and mineral baths (e.g. balneotherapy, lodine-Grine therapy, Kneipp treatments, Scotch hose, Swiss shower, thalassotherapy) and others. • It also can mean a whirlpool bath, hot Roman pool, hot tub, Jacuzzi, cold plunge and mineral bath Page 66 of 71
- 67. 4.REFLEXOLOGY •In reflexology areasof the foot are believed to correspond to the organs or structures of the body Page 67 of 71
- 68. Role of nursein complementary and alternative therapy • The integrative medicine approach is consistent with the holistic approach nurses are taught to practice. • Nurses have the potential for becoming essential participants in this type of health care philosophy. Page 68 of 71
- 69. • Nurses shouldbe knowledgeable of CAM therapies to make appropriate recommendation. • Nurses should also provide advice to client regarding when to seek conventional therapies or CAM therapies. Role of nurse in complementary and alternative therapy Page 69 of 71
- 70. •Nurses need tobe aware of their state nurse practice act with regard to CAM therapies and practice only with in the scope of these laws. •Nurses have knowledge regarding current researches being done in this area to provide accurate information not only to patient but to other health care professionals. Role of nurse in complementary and alternative therapy Page 70 of 71
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