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Similar to drugsdosages on pediatri communities.pptx
drugsdosages on pediatri communities.pptx
- 1. Cebu Velez General Hospital Departmentof Pediatrics Drugs and Dosages
- 2. Abbreviations • Dosage – RD(Recommended Dose) – GD (Given Dose) – AD (Actual Dose) • Routes of Administration – PO (per orem; oral) – IV (intravenous) – IM (intramuscular) – Sc or Sq (subcutaneous) – IO (intraosseous)
- 3. Abbreviations • Frequency – OD(once a day) – BID (twice a day) – TID (thrice a day) – QID (four times a day) ** better to indicate: every ____ hours – PRN (as needed) – Stat (immediately)
- 4. Conversion • 1 teaspoon- 5 mL • 1 tablespoon - 3 tsp ; 15 mL • 1 ounce - 30 mL • 1 cup - 180 mL • 1 glass - 200 mL
- 5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 89 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 Name of Affiliated Institution and Contact details 2 Physicians Name and PRC Lic No 3, 4, 5 Patient’s Name, Age/Sex, Weight 6 Patient’s Address 7 Date 8 Generic Name 9 Brand Name 10 Preparation 11 Quantity 12 Volume to give 13 Route of Administration 14 Frequency of dosing 15 Duration of treatment 16 Actual Dose 17 Signature of Prescribing physician 18 Special Licenses for Special drugs
- 7. Beta-Lactams • Oral – Amoxicillin:40 – 60 mkD in 3DD • Parenteral – Ampicillin (septic): • 50 – 100 mkD in 2DD (infant) • 100 – 200 mkD in 4DD (children) – Ampicillin (meningitic): • 100 – 200 mkD in 2DD (infant) • 200-400 mkD in 4DD (children)
- 8. Beta-Lactams + BLIC •Oral – Co-amoxiclav: 40 – 60 mkD in 2DD – Sultamicillin: 25 mkd q 12 hours • Parenteral – Ampicillin-sulbactam: 100 – 200 mkD in 4DD
- 9. Cephalosporin • 1st Gen – PO: •Cefalexin 25 – 100 mkD in 4DD – IV: • Cefazolin 50 – 100 mkD in 3-4DD
- 10. Cephalosporin • 2nd Gen – PO: •Cefaclor 20 – 40 mkD in 3DD • Cefuroxime 20 – 30 mkD in 2DD – IV: • Cefuroxime 100 – 150 mkD in 3DD
- 11. Cephalosporin • 3rd Gen – PO: •Cefixime 8 mkD in 2DD – IV: • Ceftriaxone 50 – 75 mkD OD • 4th Gen – IV: • Cefepime 100 mkD in 2DD
- 12. Macrolides • PO – Clarithromycin:15 mkD in 2DD – Azithromycin: 10mkD OD (3 days only) Aminoglycosides • IV – Amikacin: 10 – 15 mkD OD
- 13. Anti-Amoebic • Oral – Metronidazole:35 – 50 mkD in 3DD Quinolones • Oral and IV – Ciprofloxacin: 20 mkD in 2DD
- 14. Analgesic/Antipyretic • PO – Paracetamol10 – 15 mkd q 6 hours – Ibuprofen 5 - 10 mkd q 6 hours • IV – Paracetamol 10 – 15 mkd q 6 hours **Rectal prep of PCM 250 mg/supp, 125 mg/supp
- 15. Antihistamine • PO – Cetirizine0.25 mkd q 24 hours – Diphenhydramine 3 – 5 mkD in 3DD • Parenteral – Diphenhydramine 1 - 2 mkd q 8 hours
- 16. Other Respiratory Drugs •PO – Salbutamol 0.12 - 0.15 mkd q 6-8 hours – Ambroxol 1.2 – 1.5 mkD in 2 DD Anti-seizure Drugs • IV – Diazepam 0.2 – 0.4 mkd – Phenobarbital 20 mkd (Loading Dose) then 3 – 5 mkd q 8 -12 hours (maintenance Dose)
- 17. Other Drugs • Zinc –<6 months: 10 mg elemental Zinc – >6 months: 20 mg elemental Zinc • Drops 27.5 mg/mL (10 mg elemental zinc/mL) • Syrup 55 mg/5 mL (20 mg elemental zinc/5 mL) • Iron – Therapeutic dose: 3 – 5 mkD OD – Prophylactic dose: 1 – 2 mkD OD
- 18.
- 19. Given Dose • POmedications: • IV medications: RD x weight in kilograms x 1 GD = preparation frequency GD = RD x weight in kilograms frequency
- 20. Actual Dose • POmedications: • IV medications: AD = GD x preparation x frequency weight in kilograms AD = GD x frequency weight in kilograms
- 21.
- 22. Problem # 1 TV,a 7 year old male child, weighing 22 kg was brought to the CVGH OPD for cough and fever and was diagnosed with Pediatric community acquired pneumonia – low risk. Prescribe Amoxicillin and Paracetamol.
- 23. Problem # 1 ANSWER: Amoxicillin250 mg/ 5mL , give 7.5 mL TID PO x 7 days (range: 5.8 mL – 8.8 mL) Paracetamol 250 mg/5 mL, give 5 mL PO PRN q 6 hours (range: 4.4 mL – 6.6 mL)
- 24. Problem #2 • SK,a 3 day old 38-week AOG female neonate, weighing 3 kg, was diagnosed with Neontal sepsis-early onset. Write the orders for Ampicillin and Amikacin IV.
- 25. Problem # 2 ANSWER: Ampicillin(Ampicin) 150 mg IV q 12 hours (AD 100 mkD) Amikacin (Amikacide) 45 mg IV q 24 Hours (AD 15 mkD)