E- Vehicle technology.pptx

Department of Mechanical Engineering
Presented By:
M.Tharun kumar
S.M.B.Yoga Prasath

E-VEHICLE
AGENDA:
 Introduction
 History of e-vehicle
 Reasons for devoloping e-vehicle
 What is E-vehicle?
 How does it work?
 Major components & Functions
 Types of E-vehicle
 Merits (Advantages)
 Conclusion

INTRODUCTION
An EV is a shortened acronym for an electric vehicle.
EVs are vehicles that are either partially or fully
powered on electric power.
Electric vehicles have low running costs as they have less
moving parts for maintaining and also very
environmentally friendly as they use little or no fossil
fuels (petrol or diesel).

HISTORY OF E-VEHICLE
First successful E-vehicle is
Introduced in 1890 by William
Morrison in America.
In 20th century’s highcost, low top
Speed & short range of Battery
Electric vehicles compared to
IC (Internal Combution) engines
Led to worldwide declines.

Electric vehicles have continued to be used for loading
and public transport.
At the beginning of 21th century the interst in electric
vehicle was high.
In 2010th year Electric vehicles sales in September 2016
world famous in 1 million unit reached.
2019 end 4.8 million electric car came to use.
Global ratio between annual sales of battery electric cars
and plug-in hybrids in 2012-56:44 to 74:26 in 2019 and
fell to 69:31 in 2020.
Augest 2020 as of you fully eletric car Tesla model 3 has
best selling electric passenger car of all time in the world.

REASONS OF DEVELOPING
E-VEHICLES NOW
Pollution control
Earth fuel capacity is low
Fuel price was high

WHAT IS ELECTRIC VEHICLES?
Electric car powered by electric motors.
Unlike petrol ,diesel vehicles, electric vehicles do not
produce gases during operation.
Does not affect the Environment.
Electrical energy for charge the vehicle must be produced
from Renewable sources.
Example:¤Wind
¤Solar
¤Hydro electric (or) Bio gas power plant

HOW DOES IT WORK?
The controller collects energy from the battery when the
accelerator is pressed.
The controller sends the correct amount of power to the
motor.
Electricity is converted into mechanical energy.
The wheels spin and the vehicle moves.

MAJOR COMPONENTES &
FUNCTIONS
Battery
Inverter
Re-Generative Breaking system
Electric motor
Power control unit
Charge port
Transmission

1.BATTERY
Battery is a most important part of E-vehicle.
The name of the battery used in Electric vehicle is
Lithium-ion battery.
Because, It’s a type of Rechargeble battery.
They have a higher energy density than
typical Lead-acid rechargeble
battery.

The vehicle runs depending on the size of the battery.
The battery capacity is called Kilo Watt hour (KWh).
E.g: Electric vehicle of Hundai kona battery capacity is
39KWh.
It takes 39 units of current to charge a 39KWh battery.
*1unit of current= 1KWh
Battery stores a DC
charge.

2.INVERTER
An inverter is a device that converts DC power to the AC
power used in an electric vehicle motor.
INVERTER

3.RE-GENERATIVE BRAKING
SYSTEM
Regenerative braking system is a way of taking the
wasted energy from the process of slowing down a
vehicle and using it to recharge the vehicle batteries.
On a normal (Petrol or Diesel )vehicle braking simply
wastes energy.
But with Regenerative braking some of the energy is able
to be removed.
Working: When the driver presses the brake pedal of a
hybrid or electric vehicle the electric motor reverse
slowing down the vehicle wheels.

4.ELECTRIC MOTOR
One of the important part of E-vehicle.
There are two types electric motor
i)AC Motor
ii)DC Motor
The most widely used motor in e-vehicle is the AC motor.
When it’s comes to efficiency and performance electric
vehicles that use AC motors have the advantage of a
better grip, especially on rough roads.

They have more acceleration and can be used for longer
and tougher tripes.
The only disadvantage of using an AC motor is that it can
be most expansive compared to DC motor.
AC motor

5.POWER CONTROL UNIT
It performs main task.
It’s controls activity of electric vehicle.
Monitering the output of motor.
Monitering the charging batteries.
Important information to driver.

TYPES OF E-VEHICLES
There are four types of Electric vehicles.
i)Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV)
ii)Hybrid Electric Vehicle(HEV)
iii)Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle(PHEV)
iv)Battery Electric Vehicle(BEV)

FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLE(FCEV)
Fuel cell is energy conversion device.
Chemical energy is converted to Electrical energy.
Fuel cell 1st invented by William Robert Grove in 1838.
Water and Electricity are available as output while
Hydrogen & Oxygen are given as input to the fuel cell.
H2 & O2 Fuel Cell
H2O &
Electricity

 The fuel cell vehicle is powered by an electric motor.
 Fuel cell this fuel cell generates electricity to charge the
battery in the vehicle and to run the electric motor.
 Hydrogen gas is used to generate electricity.
 Advantages:-
i)Emission free
ii)Hydrogen is available
in infinite quantity
iii)High range
(up to 600 km)
iv)Fast refuelling(3-5 min)
v)No Engine sound

HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE(HEV)
A Hybrid is a combines different types (Petro or Diesel)
and Electric motor vehicles to produce a new type of
vehicle, that is Hybrid vehicle.
The hybrid will have a petrol or diesel engine and an
electric motor.
This hybrid vehicle can be
diveded into two types.
i)Parallel hybrid
ii)Series hybrid

i) PARALLEL HYBRID
Parallel hybrid technology is widely used.
It will have an IC enigine (Petrol or Diesel) and an
electric motor .
There will be a battery to run the electric motor.
The IC engine and motor
have a power spit transmission
to run the vehicle.

Its job is to send power from the motor to the wheel
when the motor is only running.
Its job is to send power from the engine to the wheel
when only the IC engine is running.
The parallel hybrid will have a generator .It is connected
to the engine.
Power is generated in the generator when the engine is
running.This electric power is stored in the battery.
The power spit transmission has an automatic gearbox
from which it sends power to the wheel.
This parallel hybrid can be operated in four modes.
Low speed,Medium speed,High speed,Breaking mode

ii)SERIES HYBRID
In the series hybrid, only the electric motor drives the
vehicle.
The engine in it only works by running the generator.
When the battery is low ,
the engine automattically
turns on and charges the
battery with the generator.
the engine automattically
off when the charged.
Series hydrid

PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE
(PHEV)
In these types of vehicles
the battery can be charged
externally.
That meas the battery can
be charged at home or on
a substation.
This types of vehicle has
the same specifications
and features as the
working in hybrid electric
vehicle.

BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLE (BEV)
The Battery Electric Vehicle runs entirely on electric
power.
There are parts in Battery , Motor , Contorller ,
Transmission to it.
When the accelerate pedal is pressed the signal goes to
the controller. Goes from control to motor.
Then the motor will rotate faster. The
transmission connected to the motor
will send to the differential as it is.
Differential sends to wheel.

MERITS
No Emission
Noiseness
Low weight
Operation cost is low
Reduce the depend on fuels
Better for environment
Better mileage

CONCLUSION
The progress that the electric vehicle industry has seen in
recent years is not only extremely welcomed, but highly
necessory in light of the increasing global green house
gas levels . As is demonstrated in our timeline, we hope
that overs the course of the next decade technological
advancements and policy changes will help case the
transition from traditional fuel-powered vehicles.

E- Vehicle technology.pptx

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