E waste management

E waste management

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  E-WASTE MANAGEMENT HEMANTH G H RSHARADWAN
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  E-WASTE MANAGEMENT • ElectronicWaste (e-Waste) comprises of waste, electronic/electrical goods which are not fit for their originally intended use but they can be thought of recycling. Guiyu is likely one of the oldest and largest informal e-waste recycling sites in the world
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  DISPOSAL OF GENERATEDE-WASTE
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  COMPONENTS CONSTITUENTS Printed circuitboards Lead & cadmium Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) Lead oxide & Cadmium Switches & flat screen monitors Mercury Computer batteries Cadmium Capacitors and transformers Poly Chlorinated Bi-phenyls (PCB)  Plastic IN PCBs Brominated Flame Retardant casings cable Cable insulation/coating Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC)
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  EFFECTS OF E-WASTE •ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH 1. Pollution of Ground water. 1. DNA damage. 2. Acidification of soil. 2. Lung Cancer. 3. Air & water Pollution. 3. Damage to heart, liver and spleen. 4. E waste accounts for 40% 4. Chronic damage to brain. of the lead among 75% of heavy metals. 5. Affects aquatic lives. 5. Asthmatic Bronchitis.
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  E-WASTE GENERATION STATISTICS •E waste generation in India and future estimation is shown in the graph below. • The E-waste generated by the major cities. Generation of E-waste is increasing at the rate of 40 Million tons per year across the globe. • E-waste is not hazardous waste. However, the hazardous constituents present in the E-waste render it hazardous when such wastes are dismantled and processed.
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  • The abovegraphs show the E-waste generation of major countries across the globe.
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  LEGISLATURE REGARDING E-WASTE •The hazardous waste (management and handling ) rules, 1998 as amended in 2008 for Toxic content – Registration mandatory for recyclers • Foreign Trade policy restricts import of second-hand computers and does not permit import of e-waste. • ‘Guidelines’ by Central Pollution Control Board ( 2008). • India’s Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) placed legal liability for reducing and recycling electronic waste with producers for the first time under the E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2011. • MoEF has notified the E-waste management rule 2016. [ But poor application in developing and underdeveloped countries.]
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  • WASTE MINIMIZATIONIN INDUSTRIES INVOLVES : Inventory management System: Proper control over the materials used in the manufacturing process is an important way to reduce waste generation. Developing review procedures and purchase procedures for all material purchased. Another inventory management procedure for waste reduction is to ensure that only the needed quantity of a material is ordered. This requires the establishment of a strict inventory tracking system.
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  • PRODUCTION-PROCESS MODIFICATION: Changes can be made in the production process, which will reduce waste generation. This reduction can be accomplished by changing the materials used to make the product or by the more efficient use of input materials in the production process or both. Potential waste minimization techniques can be broken down into three categories: • Improved operating and maintenance procedures, • Material change and • Process-equipment modification. Ex : Use of aldehydes(-CHO) in place of phosgene (COCl2) for polymerization.
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  • VOLUME REDUCTION: Volume reduction includes those techniques that remove the hazardous portion of a waste from a non-hazardous portion. These techniques are usually to reduce the volume, and thus the cost of disposing of a waste material. The techniques that can be used to reduce waste-stream volume can be divided into 2 general categories: • E-Waste segregation • E-Waste concentration.
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  E-WASTE MANAGEMENT ININDIA CONCENTRATION WASTE SEGREGATION
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  • RECOVERYAND REUSE: • This technique could eliminate waste disposal costs, reduce raw material costs and provide income from a salable waste. Waste can be recovered on-site, or at an off-site recovery facility, or through inter industry exchange. 1. Reverse osmosis 2. Electrolysis 3. Filtration …… these are some of the process involved in recycling.
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  MANAGEMENT OF WASTE
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  RECYCLING AND REUSINGOF E-WASTE. CREATIVE ART
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  E-WASTE MANAGEMENT INCHINA • Serious adverse impacts on the environment and human health from e-waste recycling have occurred in the past and continue to occur in China today, due to a lack of national management strategies. • Nearly 60% of the generated e-wastes were sold to private individual collectors and passed into informal recycling processes. More than 90% of Chinese citizens are reluctant to pay for the recycling of their e-waste.
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  CONCLUSION • Awareness shouldbe created among the people. • Legislations must be well organized and ought to be pointed towards the minimal of E-waste. • City corporations have to frame a unit to collect e waste separately without mixing with wet and dry waste. • NGOs should adopt a participatory approach in management of E-wastes. • The precautions must be taken in ordering the materials.
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  REFERENCES • Electronic wastemanagement- issues in Environmental Science and Technology vol-27. • Centre for ecological sciences (Indian Institute of Science) • Freeman M. H. 1989. Standard Handbook of Hazardous Waste Treatment and Disposal. • Third World Network. 1991. Toxic Terror: Dumping of Hazardous Wastes in the Third World, Third World Network, Malaysia. • Overview of electronic waste (e-waste) management practices and legislations, and their poor applications in the developing countries-by I C Nnorom and O Osibanjo. • recyclinginternational.com • wikipedia.com Hindustan Times slideshare.net And So on…………
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  THANK YOU