EAL



  Profile and Assessment
What is useful and meaningful information?
Which one?



Born in UK           EU migrant




 Refugees            Diplomats    3
Which one?



advanced
 learner
                     new arrival




3 languages          L1 literate   4
Which one?



L5                L7




L4                L8   5
“ I feel I don’t speak any language well. At
   home I speak Bengali but I can’t say
   everything I want to say in it, while at
   school I speak English and there are lots of
   things I don’t understand. I have been
   asking people to teach me to read and
   write properly since Year 7 and they just
   say you are doing fine, but I am not. I
   don’t have any language!”
Best Practice (Good Thinking!)
     What is the big idea?
EAL learners need
grammar lessons
                    “Teach them
to improve”         English first so
                    they can do my
                    class”


   “Can you take
   them out and     “Simplify it, so
   do the work “    they can do it”
Cummins’ Iceberg Model
                          (Cummins)




             BICS

              Basic
          Interpersonal
         Communicative
               Skill
             CALP

         Cognitive and
          Academic
           Language
          Proficiency
Cummin’s Dual Iceberg Model
                                                            (Cummins)




Surface Features                                Surface Features
      of L1                                           of L2


                   Features          Features
                   of L1             of L2




                        Common Underlying
                           Proficiency
Developing and transferring innovative practice that supports
                        EAL learners


    a. Subject knowledge (e.g. knowing the mathematics)




    b. Pedagogic Content Knowledge (e.g. knowing how to teach (and how
       children learn) the mathematics)




    c. Pedagogic Transfer Knowledge (e.g. knowing how to help teachers
       use a and b effectively)



                               00887-2007DWO-EN-20
Literature Geography                   History
    Literature

Describing        The top/bottom of the hill… the hillside..
Evaluating
Expressing        The scenery….down by the river
feelings
                  beautiful, rugged,rolling hills, isolated, bleak, grandeur

Geography
                     The peak…the slope…the valley…the
 Naming              riverbank…rainfall…erosion
 Locating
 Describing          steep, contours,features
 Cause and           caused by…occurs when…
 effect

History
 Naming            Hilltop…slope…valley…riverbank….
 Locating          hillfort..fortification…rampart…village…dwellings
 Describing
                   defence…safety…shelter
 Deducing
 Hypothesising     was probably…could have been …most likely
High challenge
    Learning/engagement                       frustration /
            zone                              anxiety zone


High support                                           Low support
      comfort zone                           boredom zone



                         Low challenge
    Four Zones of Teaching and Learning (adapted from Mariani 1997)
Zone of proximal development

                   ZPD   Beyond reach at
                         present


 Child’s current
  achievement
Contact Details
                  This is a placeholder text.
The text is meant only to demonstrate how
                               your own text
                will look when you replace
                       the placeholder text.


                    your.name@company.com
High expectations

Quality first learning and teaching

Language rich environment




                                  17
Developing        Literacy objectives included into subject teaching
literacy
and learning
together




           Pupils learn                 Literacy                   Pupils improve
           in subjects                                             literacy skills by
           through:
                                        and
                                        learning                   applying them in
           talk, text and                                          subjects
           writing




                  Better subject learning – better literacy
Bloom’s taxonomy
  Original Terms                            New Terms

• Evaluation                                  •Creating

• Synthesis                                   •Evaluating

• Analysis                                    •Analysing

• Application                                 •Applying

• Comprehension                               •Understanding

• Knowledge                                   •Remembering
         (Based on Pohl, 2000, Learning to Think, Thinking to Learn, p. 8)

                                       Original and New terms based on Pohl by Kurwongbah State School,
                                       Australia.By Kurwongbah State School, Australia
Active engagement
• Purpose
• Challenge
• Collaboration
• Metacognition
• Converting ideas or information from one
  form to another
• Activating prior knowledge/thinking
• Scaffolding
A teaching and learning sequence


  Exploratory            Report back to         Write recount
      talk                   class                   text




                               Speaking as an        Analytical or
        Active reading             expert           discursive text
                                  (formal)
Speaking & Listening
How do we develop effective talk?
The framework of cross-
     curricular objectives: talk
                                                 Three strands
Key aspect
                                                 of learning
of the framework
                            Learning             through talk
                            through
                              talk


           Using talk    Active listening    Talking
            to clarify          to            and
          and present     understand        thinking
              ideas                         together




                                                                 23
A continuum of talk

                      Playground talk            Reading the news




Informal                                                            Formal




   Speaking to boss
                                Presenting
                             feedback to peers   Giving a lecture
How can we encourage pupils to talk
                    productively?
•   Rules for group talk
•   Assigning roles
•   Concrete preparation
•   Cognitive conflict (asking the right question)
•   Collaboration
•   Metacognition
(Adapted from ‘Improving learning through cognitive intervention’ GTCE
www.gtce.org.uk/research/romtopics/rom_teachingandlearning/case_jun01/ )
Coffee Break
10:00 – 10:30am
Reading
How can I help them to read better?
The framework of cross-
    curricular objectives: text
                                         Three strands
Key aspect                               of learning
of the framework                         from text
                        Learning
                          from
                           text


         Developing     Reading    Understanding
          research        for        how texts
            and         meaning        work
         study skills




                                                         28
29
Active reading
Pupils will need to…   Teachers will need to…
• predict                ensure that there is no
• try out ideas          right answer
• talk                   sometimes modify (not
• organise               simplify) the text
• infer                  ensure that all pupils can
• deduce                 contribute
• engage.                make the strategies
                         explicit.
Writing
How can I get them to write better?
The framework of cross-
curricular objectives: writing
                                             Three strands
                                             of learning
Key aspect                                   through writing
of the framework           Learning
                           through
                            writing


          Using writing   Structuring   Developing
           as a tool         and         clear and
               for        organising    appropriate
            thought         writing     expression




                                                               32
What are we learning about?
Access to the curriculum:
       making contexts supportive for children learning EAL


    Building on previous                Scaffolding language              Planned opportunities for
         experience                         and learning                    speaking and listening



Activating prior           Ensuring contexts are
  knowledge                  culturally familiar



   Creating              Using                        Using                Talk as          Talk as
    shared             bilingual                   assessment              process       presentation
 experiences           strategies                  for learning



                                                                     Graphic
  Modelling         Collaborative           Frames and            organisers and      Print
                    activities              prompts                other visuals      environment
Contact Details
                  This is a placeholder text.
The text is meant only to demonstrate how
                               your own text
                will look when you replace
                       the placeholder text.


                    your.name@company.com

Eal4 mf lteachersinstitute

  • 2.
    EAL Profileand Assessment What is useful and meaningful information?
  • 3.
    Which one? Born inUK EU migrant Refugees Diplomats 3
  • 4.
    Which one? advanced learner new arrival 3 languages L1 literate 4
  • 5.
    Which one? L5 L7 L4 L8 5
  • 6.
    “ I feelI don’t speak any language well. At home I speak Bengali but I can’t say everything I want to say in it, while at school I speak English and there are lots of things I don’t understand. I have been asking people to teach me to read and write properly since Year 7 and they just say you are doing fine, but I am not. I don’t have any language!”
  • 7.
    Best Practice (GoodThinking!) What is the big idea?
  • 8.
    EAL learners need grammarlessons “Teach them to improve” English first so they can do my class” “Can you take them out and “Simplify it, so do the work “ they can do it”
  • 9.
    Cummins’ Iceberg Model (Cummins) BICS Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skill CALP Cognitive and Academic Language Proficiency
  • 10.
    Cummin’s Dual IcebergModel (Cummins) Surface Features Surface Features of L1 of L2 Features Features of L1 of L2 Common Underlying Proficiency
  • 12.
    Developing and transferringinnovative practice that supports EAL learners a. Subject knowledge (e.g. knowing the mathematics) b. Pedagogic Content Knowledge (e.g. knowing how to teach (and how children learn) the mathematics) c. Pedagogic Transfer Knowledge (e.g. knowing how to help teachers use a and b effectively) 00887-2007DWO-EN-20
  • 13.
    Literature Geography History Literature Describing The top/bottom of the hill… the hillside.. Evaluating Expressing The scenery….down by the river feelings beautiful, rugged,rolling hills, isolated, bleak, grandeur Geography The peak…the slope…the valley…the Naming riverbank…rainfall…erosion Locating Describing steep, contours,features Cause and caused by…occurs when… effect History Naming Hilltop…slope…valley…riverbank…. Locating hillfort..fortification…rampart…village…dwellings Describing defence…safety…shelter Deducing Hypothesising was probably…could have been …most likely
  • 14.
    High challenge Learning/engagement frustration / zone anxiety zone High support Low support comfort zone boredom zone Low challenge Four Zones of Teaching and Learning (adapted from Mariani 1997)
  • 15.
    Zone of proximaldevelopment ZPD Beyond reach at present Child’s current achievement
  • 16.
    Contact Details This is a placeholder text. The text is meant only to demonstrate how your own text will look when you replace the placeholder text. [email protected]
  • 17.
    High expectations Quality firstlearning and teaching Language rich environment 17
  • 18.
    Developing Literacy objectives included into subject teaching literacy and learning together Pupils learn Literacy Pupils improve in subjects literacy skills by through: and learning applying them in talk, text and subjects writing Better subject learning – better literacy
  • 19.
    Bloom’s taxonomy Original Terms New Terms • Evaluation •Creating • Synthesis •Evaluating • Analysis •Analysing • Application •Applying • Comprehension •Understanding • Knowledge •Remembering (Based on Pohl, 2000, Learning to Think, Thinking to Learn, p. 8) Original and New terms based on Pohl by Kurwongbah State School, Australia.By Kurwongbah State School, Australia
  • 20.
    Active engagement • Purpose •Challenge • Collaboration • Metacognition • Converting ideas or information from one form to another • Activating prior knowledge/thinking • Scaffolding
  • 21.
    A teaching andlearning sequence Exploratory Report back to Write recount talk class text Speaking as an Analytical or Active reading expert discursive text (formal)
  • 22.
    Speaking & Listening Howdo we develop effective talk?
  • 23.
    The framework ofcross- curricular objectives: talk Three strands Key aspect of learning of the framework Learning through talk through talk Using talk Active listening Talking to clarify to and and present understand thinking ideas together 23
  • 24.
    A continuum oftalk Playground talk Reading the news Informal Formal Speaking to boss Presenting feedback to peers Giving a lecture
  • 25.
    How can weencourage pupils to talk productively? • Rules for group talk • Assigning roles • Concrete preparation • Cognitive conflict (asking the right question) • Collaboration • Metacognition (Adapted from ‘Improving learning through cognitive intervention’ GTCE www.gtce.org.uk/research/romtopics/rom_teachingandlearning/case_jun01/ )
  • 26.
  • 27.
    Reading How can Ihelp them to read better?
  • 28.
    The framework ofcross- curricular objectives: text Three strands Key aspect of learning of the framework from text Learning from text Developing Reading Understanding research for how texts and meaning work study skills 28
  • 29.
  • 30.
    Active reading Pupils willneed to… Teachers will need to… • predict ensure that there is no • try out ideas right answer • talk sometimes modify (not • organise simplify) the text • infer ensure that all pupils can • deduce contribute • engage. make the strategies explicit.
  • 31.
    Writing How can Iget them to write better?
  • 32.
    The framework ofcross- curricular objectives: writing Three strands of learning Key aspect through writing of the framework Learning through writing Using writing Structuring Developing as a tool and clear and for organising appropriate thought writing expression 32
  • 33.
    What are welearning about?
  • 34.
    Access to thecurriculum: making contexts supportive for children learning EAL Building on previous Scaffolding language Planned opportunities for experience and learning speaking and listening Activating prior Ensuring contexts are knowledge culturally familiar Creating Using Using Talk as Talk as shared bilingual assessment process presentation experiences strategies for learning Graphic Modelling Collaborative Frames and organisers and Print activities prompts other visuals environment
  • 35.
    Contact Details This is a placeholder text. The text is meant only to demonstrate how your own text will look when you replace the placeholder text. [email protected]