Effective Strategies for Directing and Controlling Operations
- 1. DIRECTING and CONTROLLING as MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
- 2. Directing: An Overview The manager must stimulate action by giving direction to his subordinates through orders and also supervise their work to ensure that the plans and policies achieve the desired actions and results.
- 3. Directing: An Overview Directing refers to the process of instructing, guiding, counselling, motivating and leading people in the organisation to achieve its objectives. Direction is the interpersonal aspect of managing by which subordinates are led to understand and contribute effectively and efficiently to the attainment of enterprise objectives
- 4. Characteristics of Directing Directing initiates action: Directing is a key managerial function. While other functions prepare a setting for action, directing initiates action in the organisation. Directing takes place at every level of management Directing is a continuous process: Directing is a continuous activity. It takes place throughout the life of the organisation irrespective of people occupying managerial positions. Directing flows from top to bottom: Directing is first initiated at top level and flows to the bottom through organizational hierarchy.
- 5. Importance of Directing Directing helps to initiate action by people in the organisation towards attainment of desired objectives. Directing integrates employees efforts in the organisation in such a way that every individual effort contributes to the organizational performance. Directing guides employees to fully realize their potential and capabilities by motivating and providing effective leadership. Directing facilitates introduction of needed changes in the organisation. Effective directing helps to bring stability and balance in the organisation as it fosters cooperation and commitment
- 6. Principles of Directing Maximum individual contribution: This principle emphasizes that directing techniques must help every individual in the organisation to contribute to his maximum potential for achievement of organizational objectives. Harmony of objectives: Good directing should provide harmony by convincing that employee rewards and work efficiency are complimentary to each other. Unity of Command: This principle insists that a person in the organisation should receive instructions from one superior only. Appropriateness of direction technique: Appropriate motivational and leadership technique should be used while directing the people based on subordinate needs, capabilities, attitudes and other situational variables.
- 7. Principles of Directing Managerial communication: Effective managerial communication across all the levels in the organisation makes direction effective. Use of informal organisation: A manager should realize that informal groups or organizations exist within every formal organisation. He should spot and make use of such organizations for effective directing. Leadership: While directing the subordinates, managers should exercise good leadership as it can influence the subordinates positively without causing dissatisfaction among them Follow through: Mere giving of an order is not sufficient. Managers should follow it up by reviewing continuously whether orders are being implemented accordingly or any problems are being encountered. If necessary, suitable modifications should be made in the directions.
- 8. Elements of Directing A. Supervision B. Motivation C. Leadership D. Communication
- 9. Elements of Directing • Supervision: Every manager in the organisation supervises his/her subordinates. The purpose of supervision is to ensure that subordinates perform their tasks according to prescribed procedures and as efficiently as possible • Motivation: Motivation means incitement or inducement to act or move. In the context of an organisation, it means the process of making subordinates to act in a desired manner to achieve certain organizational goals. Different people are motivated by different type of rewards, which can be financial incentives or non-financial incentives.
- 10. Elements of Directing Leadership: Leadership is the process of influencing the behaviour of people by making them strive voluntarily towards achievement of organizational goals. Leadership indicates the ability of an individual to maintain good interpersonal relations with followers and motivate them to contribute for achieving organizational objectives. Leadership is the most important factor for the success of an enterprise.
- 11. Elements of Directing Communication: Directing abilities of a manager mainly depend upon his communication skills. That is why organisation always emphasize on improving communication skills of managers as well as employees.
- 12. CONTROLLING Controlling is the process of checking whether or not proper progress is being made towards the objectives and goals and acting if necessary, to correct any deviation
- 13. Purposes of Controlling Controlling has two basic purposes a) If facilitates coordination b) It helps in planning
- 14. Importance of Controlling o Basis of future action o Facilitates decision making o Facilitates discipline and order o Facilitates Coordination o Facilitates motivation o Effective plan Implementation
- 15. Controlling Process Establishment of standards Measurement of Performance Comparison of Actual and Standard Performance Taking remedial action
- 16. Relation between Planning and Controlling Control is always based on Planning Planning without Controlling is meaningless and control without Planning is blind Planning and controlling are both forward looking and backward looking
- 17. THANK YOU