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Elements of Art: Foundations
This document defines and provides examples of key artistic elements including line, shape, form, color, value, texture, and space. Line is defined as a mark spanning a distance between two points that can take any form. Shape pertains to areas defined by edges in two-dimensional space that can be geometric or organic. Form implies three-dimensions or the illusion of depth created through value and contrast. Color derives from primary colors and has properties of hue, value and intensity. Value refers to the relative darkness or lightness of a color. Texture can be real or implied through two-dimensional artwork. Space in art can be positive or negative, atmospheric, or divided into foreground, middle-ground and background.
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Elements of Art: Foundations
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- 2. Line is definedas a mark that spans a distance between two points (or the path of a moving point), taking any form along the way. Lines may be real (left) or implied (right) Matisse Edward Hopper
- 3. Shape pertains tothe use of areas in two dimensional space that can be defined by edges, setting one flat specific space apart from another. Shapes can be geometric (e.g.: square, circle, hexagon, etc.) or organic (such as the shape of a puddle, blob, leaf, boomerang, etc.) Matisse Kandinsky
- 4. form implies depth,length, and width and is perceived as 3-dimensional (left) or the illusion of 3D qualities with value and contrast (right). Michelangelo MC Escher
- 5. Color pertains tothe use of hue in artwork and design. All of the colors are derived from the three primary colors (red, blue, and yellow) and black and white. Color has three properties: hue, value, and intensity Further combinations of primary and secondary colors create tertiary (and more) hues. Mondrain
- 6. Value refers tothe relative level or darkness or lightness of a color in terms of contrast (left,) Raphael
- 7. Texture refers tothe tactile (touchable) qualities of an object. Real texture can be felt and implied texture is 2D. Rauschenberg Bernini
- 8. Space is thearea in which art is organized. It could be positive and negative; atmospheric; or foreground middle-ground, and back-ground. Da VinciMC Escher