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Encephalitis.pptx inflamation of cerebral cells
Encephalitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the brain that alters neurological functioning. It has various causes including bacteria, viruses, and arboviruses transmitted by ticks and mosquitoes. Risk factors include older age, young children under 1 year old, and those with weak immune systems. Herpes simplex encephalitis is caused by two types of HSV viruses. Symptoms include fever, headache, confusion, behavioral changes, and neurological deficits. Diagnosis involves examination of cerebrospinal fluid, blood tests, and brain imaging like CT and MRI. Treatment focuses on antiviral drugs, management of swelling and fever, and rehabilitation. Nursing care monitors neurological status and focuses on comfort measures and preventing secondary issues.
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Encephalitis.pptx inflamation of cerebral cells
- 1.
- 2. Definition Encephalitis is acondition that affect the brain tissues , it is a Acute inflammatory condition of the cerebral tissue that alters the normal neurological functioning
- 3. Causes 1. Bacteria 2. Viruses Arthopodborne HSV 3. Primary (virus directly affects the brain and spinal cord) 4. Secondary (due to other infections)
- 4. • Childhood viruses mumps/measles •Arboviruses (ticks/mosquitoes) • Japanees Encephalitis
- 5. Risk Factors Older adults Childrenunder the age of 1 year People with weak immune system
- 6. Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Causedby two HSV’s a. HSV-1 b. HSV-2
- 7. Pathophysiology Due to Etiology Resultsin local necrotizing hemorrhage Cause generalized hemorrhage Cause Edema Progressive deterioration of the nerve cell
- 8. Clinical Features Fever Head ache Confusion Hallucinations/AlteredLOC/Hemiparesis Behavioral changes
- 9. Assessment and Diagnosis 1.Careful HC/PE 2. CSF studies 3. Blood Examination (Sugar/urea/electrolytes) 4. CT and MRI 5. EEG
- 10. Medical Management 1. Drugtherapy Antiinflamatory (acetaminophen/ibuprofen/naproxen sodium) 2. Antiviral drugs acyclovir gancyclovir
- 11. 3. Mannitol 4. Corticosteroids 5.Antibiotics 6. Vitamin and minerals 7. Anticonvulsive 8. IV fluid therapy
- 12. Non pharmacological treatment oxygenadministration mechanical ventilation
- 13. Nursing Management Assessment a. HC/PE b.Assess neurologic status c. Check for meningeal signs d. Assess for hearing loss
- 14. e. Enhance cerebraltissue perfusion Assess LOC/ vitals/signs of ICP/neuro functions Maintain calm and quite environment Prepare for lumbar puncture
- 15. Maintain fluid balance g.Reduce fever h. Reduce pain i. Rehabilitative functions J. Comfort measures
- 16. Preventive management • Practicegood hygiene • Vaccination • Prevention of mosquito bites • Use insecticides