ensuring safety to the railways through gps

 INTRODUCTION
 STATISTICS ON RAIL ACCIDENTS
 WHAT IS GPS?
 APPLICATION OF GPS
 WHY GPS HERE?
 COMPONENTS AND FUNCTIONS
 PRINCIPLES OF WORKING
 ON BOARD UNIT DESIGN
 IMPLEMENTATION OF NEEDS
 CONCLUSION

 Indian railways is the biggest railway
network in the world
 On the other hand it faces a large number
of accidents due to negligence , technical
fault etc…..
 Even though we have got many
techniques of preventing these accidents
no method can be more effective as that
of gps

In 2000 there were 1054 accidents.
Figure is a bar graph representing the
number of rail accidents per year from
2000 to 2009.

• 47.7% of rail accidents in 2009 were non-main-track train derailments.
• 17.9% of rail accidents in 2009 were crossing accidents.
• 6.6% of rail accidents in 2009 were main-track train derailments.
9.2% of rail accidents in 2009 were non-main-track train collisions.
• 0.6% of rail accidents in 2009 were main-track train collisions.
• 18.2% of rail accidents in 2009 were due to other causes.

• GPS –global positioning
System
• A network radio
navigation system
formed from a
constellation minimum 24
satellites rotating in 6
orbits and their ground
stations

 Mapping and GIS data capture
 Navigation
 Vehicle tracking
 Mining & construction

 To avoid rail accidents
 It is highly efficient
 This system is highly reliable and information
are highly secured
 System promise radical improvements to
many systems that impact all people
 Main function of the GPS is to get the
interconnectivity of the various points in the
track

 Whenever a train will move over the track there will be vibrations that will
be created on the tracks these vibrations produced on the track are depend
upon the speed of the train, load or the weight of the train.
 A software traces this vibrations using microphone and convert these
vibrations in such a form that they can be compared with the already
existing data of the database.
 If there will be any problem on the track ,bridge etc .such as the removal of
fish plates the vibrations produced from the train will change(they will either
get damped or get excited which is noticeable change from the ideal case)
 If the obtained data and the stored data are the same then normal signal is
send to the receivers from the satellite
 If the vibrations from the track is more or less then emergency signal will
send to the receivers

Microphone sensors
 Need critical selection as huge amount of the vibrations or the
noises are created that are possible to get recognized from a long
distances
 Trace the vibrations and send to the DBMS
 Proposed sensor –CARBON SENSORS used in telephone
 FIBER OPTIC WIRES
 Transmitts the traced vibration data to DBMS quickly

SOFTWARE &DBMS
 Programs that can be perform some tasks that are
assigned to them
 DBMS is the database management system which can
store a huge amount of the data in them
 s/w converts vibrations from the sensors into some
graphical forms and transfers to DBMS which contains
reloaded data that are analysed in normal conditions

 Continuously measure different parameters ,
tag the data with time and position
information ,reports irregular conditions
 Consists of communication satellite
antennae, satellite positioning antennae, the
onboard receiver system and communication
interface devices , etc

 Need of the towers for the transfer of the data to the
various destinations
 A high tech visual display system to show the actual
position of the train along with other systems like visual
and audio warning systems
 Receiver and the transmitter tuned to proper
frequencies and in accordance to the network
 The train driver’s cabin must be such that the driver will
come to know about the track , weather ,bridges,
constructional status in advance
 Good communication system .this can be achieved by
use of the GPS itself

 Up link frequency- 5.925 to 6.425 GHZ
 Downlink frequency-3.700 to 4.200GHZ
 May change as per the advancement that
are made in the system requirements

 Consider two trains of same or different weights ,
speeds approaching towards each other in the same
track with GPS n/w installed in it
 The micro phone sensors trace the vibrations 35 Km
prior to its arrival
 As the two trains are approaches on the same track the
vibrations gets excited
 This produce emergency signal with alarm and this is
transmitted to the control room and to loco

 Railway safety
 Automation in the work
 Reduction in stress levels because of good equipment
and machinery
 Time delays: as every time the position of the train will
be known so there will not be any time delays
 Train traffic control : due to the continuous monitoring of
the trains their will be a good train traffic control

 The implementation time is large and the
cost is high to some non technocrats
 A survey says the total loss of the
government rates to few two hundred crores
 So just by investing a small sum of this loss,
the accidents and losses can be overcome
once for all

 The benefits and advantages of the proposed method
out number the problems and disadvantages
 By considering this method for the most important
transport system in India the most valuable human life
and the national property can be protected
 Thus the integration of GPS , sensors along with the
software systems can be effectively used to provide
safety as well as huge income to the Indian railway

ensuring safety to the railways through gps

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