Environmental impact assessement patrind hydropower project

GROUP MEMBERS
 Tanveer Abbas 2012-MS-EHY-03
 Muhammad Ahmed 2012-MS-WRE-02
 Reehan Mazher 2012-MS-WRE-18
 Muhammad Waseem Boota 2012-MS-EHY-04
 Muhammad Faisal 2012-MS-EHY-07
 H.M Imran Sohail 2012-MS-EHY-05
 Muhammad Usman 2012-MS-WRE-20

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
Patrind Hydropower Project

CONTENTS
 Executive Summary
 Project Description
 Legal Framework For Environmental Assessment
and Resettlement
 Baseline Conditions
 Assessment Of Environmental Impacts
 Land Acquisition And Resettlement Plan
 Mitigation Measures
 Resettlement Budget And Financing
 Environmental And Social Management Plan
 Conclusions And Recommendations

THE PROJECT
 Patrind a small village on the left bank of
Kunhar river, 12 ½ km downstream from
Garhi Habibullah bridge.
 Project components consist of a weir near
Patrind village.
 Head pond behind the weir at conservation
level of 765 m above mean sea level.
 Two coffer dams and a diversion tunnel built
to keep the Kunhar river bed in dry condition
during construction of the weir.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK
 EIA Report of Project has been prepared in
accordance with the national requirements
for environment assessment and
resettlement.
 The provisions followed are
a) Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997
b) National Environmental Quality Standards(NEQS)
c) AJK Environnemental Protection Act 2000
d) Land Acquisition Act 1894
e) Draft National Resettlement Policy 2002
f) NWFP Forest Ordinance 2002

ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE:
PHYSIOGRAPHY
 Catchment area of Kunhar river
mountainous and steep slopes.
 Only level areas in the catchment,
consisting of small terraces, support human
settlements.
 Patrind village about 484 acres in extent,
downstream of the weir at about 780 m
elevation.

CLIMATE
 The data of meteorological stations at
Balakot and Muzaffarabad has been used.
 The climate is pleasant with mild summers
and cold winters.
 The average annual rainfall at Balakot is
1538.5 mm and at Muzaffarabad is 1351.9
mm.

WATER RESOURCES
 Kunhar and Jhelum are major rivers in the
project area.
 Daily flows of Kunhar river at weir site vary
from 10,000 cusecs to 850 cusecs.
 With annual average of 3,671 cusecs.
 Beyond weir site, reach of Kunhar river
joined by six nullahs, two of them contribute
high inflows of water through year.

WATER QUALITY
 Suspended load of Kunhar river contains
sand, silt and clay.
 Overall sediment load at weir site has been
estimated 4.94 million tons on the mean
annual basis.

FLORA AND FAUNA
 The project region has flora in abundance.
 A variety of flora weeds, grasses, plants, flowers
and trees is found.
 The region has pine forests supporting broad
leaved species.
 Forest wealth of the region is shrinking due to
illegal deforestation.

CONTINUE….
 Valley slopes of project area are
characterised by animal biodiversity.
 Growth of human population has put
pressure on the natural resources of the
region.
 The population of fauna will increase due to
the creation of head pond at Patrind.
 Fauna population will increase due to the
improvement in the vegetal cover around
the head pond.

SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
 8 villages near weir site and 5 around
powerhouse site have a population of 7,397.
 Household size ranges from 5 to 9 persons
per house.
 There is Panchayat/ Jirga system for conflict
resolution mechanism at village level.
 Farming and livestock rearing are the major
occupations of the local population.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
 Construction and operation phases of
Project will have some impact on
environment.
 Construction related impacts will be limited
to a 4 years construction period.
 Operation phase impacts which will last over
the life of project.
 Magnitude and probability of occurrence of
impacts have been quantified and described
next.

WATER RESOURCES
 During high flows (May – August), variations
in flow downstream of the weir will not be
significant.
 In the low flow period the flow variations will
become significant,
 Then Kunhar river reach below the weir
would receive compensation flow of 2
cumecs from the head pond.

LAND RESOURCES
 The land affected in terms of permanent
acquisition is 63.8 Ha.
 Temporary land acquisition is 31.6 Ha.
 Permanent acquisition consists of reservoir ,
structures on the weir , powerhouse and
access roads.
 The temporary land acquisition involves
temporary diversion channel on Jhelum
river side.

RIVER ECOLOGY
 During project operation, compensation flow
will be discharged downstream of the weir.
 As a result flora and fauna would not be
adversely affected.

SOCIO – ECONOMICS
 During construction opportunities will be
available to the locals for employment.
 Project construction and operation will lead
to increase in tourist traffic.

MITIGATION MEASURES:
EROSION CONTROL
 Vegetation/ forestation most effective and
economical way.
 Both sides of the affected areas should be
planted with grass cover, tiny bushes and
trees.

RIVER ECOLOGY
 Minimum flow of 2 cumecs allowed from
head pond during project operation to take
care of fauna.
 This is done during low flow conditions.

TREE CUTTING
 It is recommended that smallest number of
trees should be cut for project
implementation.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL
 Excavated material will not be dumped in
the rivers.
 Lubricants, waste oil and other chemical
wastes will be collected and disposed off
safely.
 Sprinkling of water to settle dust shall be
practiced.
 Contractor shall provide Personnel
Protective Equipment (PPE) to his
personnel.

WILDLIFE
 Workers and staff associated with the
project educated to protect wildlife.
 Any stray animals found to be handed over
to the Wild Life Departments of KPK and
AJK.

LAND ACQUISITION
 The land acquired on temporary basis
leased for 4 years to be
 Decided in consultation with land owners.

RESETTLEMENT
 The project will directly affect 14 houses
displacing 146 persons.
 Persons/ communities affected interviewed
to gather opinion for resettlement and
relocation.
 Owners of land and houses affected
preferred the option to receive cash
compensation,
 As a result no resettlement sites have been
identified or investigated.

RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND
FINANCING
 Resettlement and environmental cost
estimated as Rs. 194.27 million (US$ 2.3
million).
 Cost of land subject to submergence by
Head pond is Rs. 110.04 million.

CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
 Project is environmentally and socially
viable.
 Provided that the proposed activities are
carried out as mentioned in report.
 mitigation measures are completely and
effectively implemented.
 Company should follow the RP for
addressing the involuntary resettlement
issues,
 Pertaining to land acquisition and
compensation for houses.

PROJECT LOCATION
 The proposed weir site is accessed by Boi
Road on right side of Kunhar river.
 It is at distance of 12.3 km from Garhi
Habibullah bridge.
 Center line of Kunhar river project site
marks boundary between Pakistan and AJK.
 The left bank of Kunhar lies in AJK.
 The proposed powerhouse site is located on
the right bank and downstream of Jhelum
river.

Sr.N
o
Project Components Details
1 River
River Name
Catchment Area
Kunhar River
2, 429.00 Km2
2 Weir
Type of Weir
Height
Concrete Gravity Dam
42.00 m from river bed elevation
3 Spillway
Design Discharge
No. of Radial Gates
2,626.6 m3/sec
4 Nos. each 12 X 10.33 m
4 Powerhouse
Size
Discharge
Capacity
Turbine Units
38.2m x 66.0m x 41.7 High
153 m3/sec
150 MW
3 Nos.
5 Penstock
Type
Size and Nos.
Inner Circular Section, Steel Lined
Diameter : 5.5 m, 1 No.
Diameter : 3.0 m, 3 Nos.

LEGAL FRAMEWORK
FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND
RESETTLEMENT

INTRODUCTION
 Pakistan has had laws that contain provisions for
environmental protection.
 These laws partly inherited from pre-
independence days dealt with
 Air and water quality
 Canal irrigation
 Land tenure and use
 Forest conservation
 Wildlife protection etc.
 Laws of environmental degradation remained
uncontrolled.

PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
COUNCIL (PEPC)
 PEPC coordinates and supervises
enforcement of PEPA-97.
 Approves national environmental policies,
and ensures their implementation.
 PEPC is required to meet at least twice a
year.

PAKISTAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY (PAK. EPA)
 Under Section 6(2) of the Act, Pak. EPA has
the authority to:
 To undertake inquiries or investigations into
environmental issues.
 To request any person to furnish any
information or data relevant to the functions
of Pak.
 To recommend to the Federal Government
incentives, prizes, awards, subsidies etc
 For achieving environmental objectives and
goals.

EIA REQUIREMENTS
 EPA in August 2000 issued Procedures for
Approval of EIA, includes Schedules A, B and C
Schedule A
 Defines projects which require an EIA.
 Deals with list of projects which have affects on
large number of people.
 The impact of such projects may be irreversible
and could lead to significant changes,
 In land use, social, physical and biological
environment.

Schedule B
 Defines projects which require an IEE.
 Deals with projects where the range of
environmental issues comparatively narrow,
 And can be understood and managed
through less extensive analysis.
Schedule C
 Combines everything not in Schedule A and
B.

NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
STANDARDS (NEQS)
 NEQS for gaseous emissions and
industrial/municipal effluents.
 Environmental Protection Agency effect
from August 10, 2000.
 Relevant NEQS consulted in the preparation
of EIA Report for Patrind Hydroelectric
Power Project.

FOREST ACT 1927/NWFP FOREST
ORDINANCE 2002
 The Forest Act, 1927 establish the right of
the government to designate areas for
forest.
 Acquire areas for prohibiting or restricting
the public use of the resources or activities.
 NWFP Forest Ordinance 2002 has the
objectives of protection of forests.

SARHAD NATIONAL CONSERVATION
STRATEGY 1996/ 2004
 North Western Frontier Province N.W.F.P
initiated the Sarhad Provincial Conservation
Strategy in 1992;
 It was reviewed in 2004.
 This document has the goal to secure
 The economic, social and ecological well
being of the people of KPK.
 Through conservation and sustainable
development of the province’s natural
resources.

EXTERNAL SUPPORT AGENCIES
 Funds in the form of loans or grants for
development Projects in Pakistan,
 Generally available from external support
agencies like the
 World Bank
 Asian Development Bank.

THE WORLD BANK
 World Bank, as one of the major financers, play
an important role. Policies include
 Operation Policy (OP) 4.01 Environmental
Assessment.
 Bank Procedures (BP) 4.01 Environmental
Assessment December 1999.
 OP/BP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement.
 Provides practical guidance and specific
information for designing sustainable projects.

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)
 ADB 2009 sets out the policies and
principles for three key safeguard areas:
 Environmental safeguards.
 Involuntary resettlement safeguards.
 Indigenous People safeguards.
 Aims to ensure the environmental
soundness and sustainability.
 Aims to avoid involuntary resettlement
wherever possible.
 To enhance the livelihoods of all displaced
persons.

INTRODUCTION
 Project area covers region of Manshera and
Abbottabad districts in KPK and Muzaffarabad
district in AJK.
 Area has a mountainous topography dissected
by rivers, hill streams and springs.
 Kunhar and Jhelum are two major rivers in the
project region.
 Baseline data has been collected by field
surveys.
 Purpose of field surveys was to investigate the
planning area and the project layout.

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
 Catchment area of the Kunhar river is
mountainous and steep slopes.
 Up-north in Naran the elevation is 2,362 m
above mean sea level.
 Elevation of 735 m at Patrind weir site.
 Erosion on these mountains is substantial
due to steep slopes.
 Much of the northern mountains confine the
river flow within narrow valleys.

INFRASTRUCTURE
No infrastructure requiring relocation like
 Roads,
 Village Tracks,
 Electrical Transmission Lines,
 Telephone Lines Etc.
exist in the head pond area.

CULTURAL PROPERTY
There are no
 Graveyards
 Mosques
 Shrines
 Sites of archaeological Importance
in the area to be submerged by the head
pond.

SEISMICITY
 According to Seismotectonic Map of
Pakistan (1979) project belongs to one of
major earthquake zones.
 Recent earthquake 8th October 2005
caused damage to lives and property with
land in vicinity of the project region.
 This indicated importance of the seismicity
in planning layout and design of project.

CLIMATE
 The climate of the project area is pleasant,
characterised by mild summers and cold
winters.
 The climatological data for weir site at
Patrind is not available.
 The data of nearest meteorological stations
at Balakot and Muzaffarabad is used,
 Which has been recorded at these stations
maintained by Surface Water Hydrology
Project (SWHP) WAPDA.

WATER QUALITY
 Kunhar river derives its flow from rainfall
and snowmelt.
 Both of which do not contain any impurities.
 River water picks up
 Sediment load
 Dissolved solids
 Toxic substances
 Organic matter

BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT:
FLORA
 Climate is very conductive for the growth of
mesophytes.
 Flora is in abundance in the area.
 Variety of herbs, weeds, flowers, plants and
trees is growing in the area.
 In the project area both conifers and broad
leave trees occur in the project area.

FORESTRY
 Forest in project region occur only in the
upper valley and thus remain un-affected by
the project.
 The subtropical pine forests have an
altitudinal range from 800 – 1700 m.
 Annual rainfall varying from 635 – 1270
mm.
 These areas mainly covered by chir pine
trees.

WILDLIFE
 Valley slopes high above the project area
are characterised by plant and animal
biodiversity.
 Altitude, topography and climate providing
numerous habitats for several species of
flora and fauna.
 The fauna of the project area consists of
mammals, reptiles, amphibians, insects, and
birds.

MUHAMMAD WASEEM BOOTA
2012-MS-EHY-04

ENDANGERED SPECIES
 Zoological Survey Department (undated)
 Leopard Cat
 Leopard Panther
 Markhor
 Have been declared as the endangered
species.
 Leopard Cat and Panther both are found
upto 3,500 m elevation in the pine forests of
Project.
 Markhor is another animal which has been
declared endangered.

FISHERY
 Kunhar is a cold water river and has low
primary fish productivity.
 As the river is not productive it is not fished
on commercial scale.
 Apart from fishing, fish does not form part of
any of the local communities diets.

AGRICULTURE
 Agriculture in Muzaffarabad and Abbottabad
districts is the dominant economic activity.
 Majority of farmers have their own simple
irrigation systems using water of streams
and springs.
 Wheat, maize and rice are the major crops.
 Crop yields are variable and estimates of
crop yields are wheat 470 Kg/Acre, maize
452 Kg/Acre, rice 320 Kg/Acre.

CULTURE
 Mosques and graveyards exist in each
village of the project area.
 There are no sites of archaeological and
historical importance in the project area.

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
 There are neither minority ethnic groups in
project area,
 nor are there any other groups which can be
considered indigenous people.

COMMUNITY CONSULTATIONS
 Community consultation process was
started at an early stage in the project cycle.
 This ensures that feedback from
communities and other stakeholders,
 Directly or indirectly affected by the project
can adjust and improve the project’s design,
planning, and implementation,
 And help structure of project to be both
environmentally and socially acceptable.

CONTINUE…
 During the field survey an extensive community
consultation exercise undertaken,
 To incorporate the concerns and views of local
communities in socioeconomic and
environmental assessment survey.
 Consultants held meetings with primary
stakeholders to assess potential issues that
could be raised due to project activities.
 The survey team visited five villages in total
that may be affected from the activities of the
proposed project.

ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACTS

ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES UNDER
PROJECT IMPACT
 Impacts regarding population displacement and
land acquisition exist though to a moderate
degree.
 The access roads built for the project and the
head pond may cause,
 Inroads into the watershed by farmers, hunters,
timber exploiters,
 Accelerating losses in forests and wildlife
 There are no historical, cultural monuments
shrines, mosques requiring salvaging.

CONTINUE…
 Sediment load in terms of watershed
erosion/ silt runoff may affect the life of the
head pond.
 The weir design provides a limited control of
sediment load by sluicing during flood flows.
 Sand trap has also been provided.
 Creation of head pond, tube well irrigation
around head pond would be of value to the
rural population.

CHECKLIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND
IMPACTS OF PATRIND HYDROPOWER PROJECT

PROJECT LOCATION IMPACTS
 Resettlement / Land Acquisition
 Watershed erosion silt runoff
 Effect on groundwater hydrology
 Other inundation losses or adverse effects

Actions Affecting
Environmental
Resources and
Values
Damages to
Environment
Recommended
Feasible
Protection
Measures
No
Signifi
cant
Effect
Significant Effect
Small Moderate Major
Resettlement /
Land Acquisition
Serious social
inequities
Carefully planned
resettlement and
land acquisition
programme
Watershed erosion
silt runoff
Shortened reservoir
life
Watershed
management
programme
Effect on
groundwater
hydrology
Rise of water table
around reservoir
Expansion of
tubewell
irrigation
Other losses or
adverse effects
Submergence of land
and economic trees
Careful planning
and design

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO
DESIGN
1. Road erosion
2. Reservoir site preparation
3. Water rights conflicts
4. Fish screens

Actions Affecting
Environmental
Resources and
Values
Damages to
Environment
Recommended
Feasible
Protection
Measures
No
Signifi
cant
Effect
Significant Effect
Road erosion Impairment of water
quality and
land values
Careful planning
and design
Reservoir site
preparation
Affects reservoir
water quality
including nutrients for
fishery
Prepare site to
suit optimal
reservoir uses
Water rights
conflicts
None
Fish screens None

MUHAMMAD FAISAL 2012-MS-EHY-07

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED
WITH CONSTRUCTION STAGE
1. Soil erosion/silt runoff
2. water-oriented diseases
3. dust/odors/fumes/noises/vibrations
4. blasting and hauling
5. Construction monitoring

Actions Affecting
Environmental
Resources and
Values
Damages to
Environment
Recommended
Feasible
Protection
Measures
No
Signifi
cant
Effect
Significant Effect
Soil erosion/silt
runoff
Impairment of water
quality and
land values
Proper design
and construction
planning, plus
monitoring
Water-oriented
diseases
Water pollution/
malaria
Vector control
Dust/odors/fumes
/noises/vibrations
Hazards to workers
and neighbors
Construction
management
measures
Blasting and
hauling
Noise and air
pollution
Construction
management
measures
Construction
monitoring
Without it
Construction
Contractor not likely
to observe constraints
Appropriate
construction
monitoring

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS RELATING TO
PROJECT OPERATION
1. Downstream flow variations
2. Downstream erosion
3. Lack of reservoir management
4. Eutrophication (aquatic weeds)
5. Downstream water quality
6. Insect vector disease hazards

Actions Affecting
Environmental
Resources and
Values
Damages to
Environment
Recommended
Feasible
Protection
Measures
No
Signifi
cant
Effect
Significant Effect
Downstream flow
variations
Disturbance to
downstream fisheries,
navigation
Minimum
adverse effects
Downstream
erosion
Erosion of banks and
river bottom
Careful design to
control problem
and monitoring
Lack of reservoir
management
Social conflicts in
reservoir community
Appropriate
reservoir
management
Eutrophication
(aquatic weeds)
Heavy evaporation,
impairment of fishing
and power generation
Phenomena
usually
temporary
Downstream
water quality
Impairment of
downstream water
quality
from flow restrictions
Careful
operations
planning to
minimize
problem

POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT
MEASURES
1. Reservoir fishery enhancement
2. Downstream community water supply
3. Forestry/wildlife reserves
4. Recreation

Actions Affecting
Environmental
Resources and
Values
Damages to
Environment
Recommended
Feasible
Protection
Measures
No
Signifi
cant
Effect
Significant Effect
Reservoir fishery
enhancement
Considerable extra
reservoir fishery
potential
realized
Appropriate
management of
potential for
reservoir fishery
development
Downstream
community water
supply
Improvement in
community living
standards
Planning for
optimal use of
stored water
Forestry/wildlife
reserves
Conservation of
forests/wildlife
Establishment of
reserves to offset
losses
Recreation Improvement in
quality of
community life,
including the poor
Planning for
optimal
reservoir use
Recreation of
Park on Left Bank
of
Jhelum river

ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
1. Multipurpose management need
2. Rural electrification

Actions Affecting
Environmental
Resources and
Values
Damages to
Environment
Recommended
Feasible
Protection
Measures
No
Signifi
cant
Effect
Significant Effect
Multipurpose
management need
Opportunity to
optimize
overall project
benefits
Integrated
reservoir
management
Rural
electrification
Improving quality of
life for rural poor
Planning to
accommodate
this need

LANDACQUISITIONAND
RESETTLEMENT PLAN
Socio-economic impacts of the Project particularly those relating
to
I. land acquisition.
II. population displacement.
III. loss of housing/ farm produce.
IV. loss of income
V. income resources.
The issues have been discussed within the framework of
I. Asian Development Bank.
II. the World Bank/ International Finance Corporation.
III. AJK Environmental Protection Act 2000.
IV. Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997.

RESETTLEMENT POLICY OBJECTIVES
The following policy objectives have been used to develop
resettlement plan for the Project.
I. Involuntary resettlement
II. Integral part of project design
III. to be dealt with from the earliest stage of project
planning.
IV. Involuntary resettlement should be avoided or
minimized.
V. Community participation should be encouraged.
VI. Implementation of resettlement program.
VII. Timely compensation for lost assets
VIII. The compensation process should be fully
transparent.

RESETTLEMENT –RELATED BASELINE DATA
LAND ACQUISITION
The team of environmentalists visited sites
 Head pond,
 Weir,
 Powerhouse
 Soil deposit areas,
 Access roads and construction camps.
They identified the
 Types of land to be acquired at these sites,
 The number of houses and families directly
affected, and
 The number of trees that would be lost as a result
of project implementation.

PERMANENT LAND ACQUISITION
In total 1253.95 kanals (= 63.43 ha)
 Riverbed,
 Farmland And
 Wasteland
will be acquired permanently for constructing the
Patrind Hydropower Project as shown in Table

TEMPORARY LAND ACQUISITION
There is need for temporary acquisition of land for
 The Construction Camp,
 Storage Camp And
 Temporary disposal of excavated material in the
vicinity of the weir site and powerhouse site.
The following Table shows the details of the land area
proposed for temporary acquisition.

H.M IMRAN SOHAIL 2012-MS-EHY-05

VALUE OF LAND
Market assessment
in the project area as well as consultation with district
revenue department officials were undertaken to arrive
at prices of land.
Lower prices
The land values given by the revenue department
officials were lower in most cases transactions are verbal
and not documented.
The rates used in preparation of resettlement costs are
given in Table

CROP COMPENSATION
Construction Of Camps
is to take place are cultivable. The construction of these camps may result in
damage to standing crops.
Construction Schedule
Where possible by the construction schedule, farmers will be permitted to
harvest crops.
Compensation Of The Crop
compensation will be awarded on the basis of market value of the crop.
Depending upon the crops
Assessment Of Market Price
of the crops was conducted in consultation with officials of revenue department
and agriculture department as well as local people.
Average Value Of Crops
An average value of Rs. 15,000 per acre has been used as compensation for
crops. This will apply to the land area of 69 Kanals which will Be subject to
temporary acquisition for construction of the camps.

AFFECTED HOUSES
Directly Affected People
I. 13 Houses will be directly affected due to
construction of powerhouse displacing 129
persons in Alora village.
II. 1 house on Weir side will be directly affected
Table give details of all these houses, names of their
owner and number of occupants subject to
displacement.

RELOCATION OPTIONS FOR PHYSICAL
RESETTLEMENT
The following are the six options available for
relocation and physical resettlement of displaced
population.
 No Resettlement The option of no resettlement
should be considered if alternatives are too
expensive.
 On-Site Resettlement Where the population
densities are relatively low, it may be possible to
consolidate members of an affected community in a
single area thus making room for project facilities
without having to relocate the community to another
site.

 Partial Resettlement
Where the whole site is not required for projec
facilities, it may be possible to minimize or isolate land
take. As a result, only fraction of the affected
community may require physic relocation.
 Full Resettlement to Nearby and Multiple Site Where
full resettlement is necessary, the impact of
displacement can be minimized by relocating affected
people to several small sites near the affected area;
 Resettlement to Margins of Developed Area The
margins of developed areas offer cheaper land than
more central locations but normally still have access to
utilities and infrastructure.

PATRIND HYDROPOWER PROJECT
 The project implementation will directly affect 14 houses
 During field surveys, persons/ communities affected by
Patrind Hydropower Project were individually as well as
collectively interviewed to gather their opinion for
resettlement and relocation.
 All owners of land and of houses directly affected by the
project showed their interest in receiving cash
compensation.
 None of them opted to receive land for land
compensation or land for construction of new houses.
 As a result no resettlement sites have been identified or
investigated.

MITIGATION MEASURES
 The purpose of a mitigation programmed is to
manage the environmental effects resulting from
implementation of the Project in a manner
 That minimizes adverse impacts and maximizes
secondary benefits.

PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
The issues regarding the physical environment of the
project area requiring mitigation related to
 Disposal Of Excavated Material,
 Variations Of Flow Downstream Of The Weir,
 Environmental Pollution Control And
 Public Health And Safety Of Workers.

RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND
FINANCING
The Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan as has
been developed keeping in view the Guidelines of
 ADB,
 safeguard policies,
 World Bank Guidelines OP/BP 4.12 (2004),
 Land Acquisition Act (1894),
 Draft National Resettlement Policy of Pakistan
(2002) and
 Guidelines of World Commission on Dams (1997).

COST OF ECONOMIC TREES
 A total of 624 trees will be affected by the project
implementation.
 The trees are generally of younger age, between 3 –16
years.
 It is estimated that a single tree on an average would
yield about 70 cu. ft. of wood.
 According to local market the cost of Kiker, Beence,
Shahtoot is Rs. 260. per cu.ft., Walnet, Tali, Deodar,
Cheer at Rs. 900 per cu.ft..
 The fruit trees like Angeer is rated at Rs. 10,000 per tree
whereas apricot and pear @ Rs. 12,000 per tree each.
 Accordingly the total cost of 624 trees to be cut due to
project implementation is estimated at Rs. 7,462,300

RESETTLEMENT FINANCING
 The outlay of resettlement budget as given above
amounts to Rs.194,267,000 (US$ 2,312,702.38)
 The Company is committed to provide funding for
the estimated amount of Rs. 194.3 million (US$ 2.3
million).
 The Company will assure that the amounts of
money assessed and finally approved for
compensation and financial assistance are paid to
the genuine persons losing land, houses and other
economic assets.

MONITORING
 WATER RESOURCES
 The effect of sewage effluents on the quality of the river
water is insignificant domestic sewage flows into the
river is very small.
 If population of the project area increases and river
discharge is reduced during the operation of project,
condition of the river water deteriorate.
 This will require regular quantitative and qualitative
monitoring of domestic sewage entering into the river
water.
 The following must be monitored periodically to assess
the environmental impact due to reduced water
discharge
 Suspended solids (sediment) analysis, Biochemical
Oxygen Demand (BOD) Bacterial count: E-coli Test,pH

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
 Due to the scarcity of base line data on the ecology of
the area including its
 Aquatic ecosystem and bio-diversity, monitoring
 Plan for wildlife, fisheries and bio-diversity.
 It is suggested that this should be done for a period of 4
years after commencement of the project operation.
 The personnel required for this task will include a
biologist (Forestry or Wildlife) and a chemist.
 The chemist will be responsible for chemical analysis of
water resources
 While the biologist will collect local data on animal and
plant life including pattern, age distribution, feeding and
breeding areas, parasites and pests.

MONITORING PARAMETERS
 A comprehensive list of the factors to be monitored is
reproduced below.
 Rainfall
 Stored water volume in the head pond
 Annual volume of sediment transported into head pond
 Water quality at weir site and at various points along the river.
 Salinity
 pH
 Temperature,
 Electrical Conductivity
 Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen
 Suspended Solids
 Phosphates
 Nitrates

 Wildlife Vegetation changes in the upper
watershed, head pond drawdown zone, and
downstream
 Areas Increases in erosion in the watershed
Impacts on wild lands, species or plant
communities of special ecological significance
 Public health and disease vectors
 In- and out-migration of people with respect to the
project area Changes in economic and social status
of people in the project

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL
MANAGEMENT PLAN
 The environmental analysis of Patrind Hydropower
Project has identified and assessed a number of
environmental and socio-economic impacts related to
 Planning, Design, Construction And Operation Phases.
 Patrind Hydropower Project is located in KPK and AJK
 It is proposed that one representative each of AJK
 Hydroelectric Board (AJK HEB),
 Provincial Environmental Protection Agency KPK
 DG Environment AJK
 May look over the performance of the key players in the
implementation of the management and monitoring
strategy.

CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
 INTRODUCTION
 The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study
has been conducted in line with the relevant
guidelines of
 Asian Development Bank (ADB),
 World Bank (WB),
 International Finance Company (IFC)
 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997.
 The objective of the study is to identify and assess
the potential environmental and social impacts of
the Patrind Hydropower Project.

CONCLUSIONS
 The major conclusions of the EIA are;
 During the Project implementation, environmental and social
impacts are experienced primarily during the construction phase.
 The operation phase will have mostly insignificant impacts on the
social, physical and biological environment of the area.
 This has been confirmed during field surveys for the
environmental and social assessment as part of this report.
 The potential impacts during the construction phase of the project
include land acquisition (resulting in loss of cultivated land,
houses and economic trees), soil erosion, water pollution, effect
on ambient air etc.

 The key environmental issues during the operation phase of
the project include
 Downstream Flow Variations
 Waste Disposal
 Safety Hazards For The Plant Staff
 All the recommended mitigation measures are contained in
the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMMP),
which will need to be made part of the EPC Contract.
 The plan provides for the requisite structure of the
organization during the project implementation, defining roles
and responsibilities of key players.

 A Resettlement Plan (RP) has also been developed and made
part of the report to provide framework to address the
involuntary resettlement issues and to guide through the
compensation assessment and disbursement process.
 The relevant provisions of RP will also be made part of the
EPC Contract. The proposed mitigation measures adequately
address all the concerns raised by the stakeholders.
 The project is unlikely to cause any significant, lasting impact
on the social, physical and biological environment of the area.

RECOMMENDATIONS
 On the basis of the environmental and social impact
assessment and the conclusions as discussed above it
is recommended that:
 The Environmental and Social Management Plan should
be made a part of the EPC Contract awarded by the
Company for implementation of the project.
 The Company should follow the RP for addressing the
involuntary resettlement issues primarily pertaining to
land acquisition and compensation for houses and other
economic assets.
 The Company should ensure adherence to the
environmental legislation and regulations.
 Company and its contractor(s) should employ local labor
as for as possible.

Environmental impact assessement patrind hydropower project

Environmental impact assessement patrind hydropower project

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