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Enzyme inhibition ppt final
This document discusses competitive enzyme inhibition. It begins by defining enzymes and inhibitors, noting that inhibitors reduce the rate of enzymatic reactions by blocking the enzyme without destroying it. It then classifies inhibitors based on reversibility and competitiveness. Specifically, it explains that competitive inhibitors are reversible and compete with the substrate for binding at the active site of the enzyme. This reduces the effective concentration of substrate and lowers the reaction rate. The document provides examples of competitive inhibition kinetics and graphs to illustrate the effect on reaction rates.
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Enzyme inhibition ppt final
- 1. Enzyme Inhibition (Competitive Inhibition) Presented by: Swapnil Agarwal Haren Patel, Vikshit Patel, Alok Priyadarshi, Purnima Singh, Parth Bhatt, Lakshesh Jadav
- 2. Enzyme – Enzyme– Enzyme!!!! What is it ???? Lets see……
- 3. Inhibitors • Inhibitors arechemicals that reduce the rate of enzymic reactions • The are usually specific and they work at low concentrations • They block the enzyme but they do not usually destroy it • Many drugs and poisons are inhibitors of enzymes in the nervous system
- 4. Enzyme Inhibitors Enzyme inhibitorsare molecules that reduce the catalytic activity of enzymes. Reducing of effective enzymatic activity or complete blocking of enzyme may cause either complete death of cell either modifications in the pathways. Appln: Drugs with cause complete inactivation of enzymes from essential pathways will cause cell death and therefore such drugs can be used as an antibiotics.
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- 6. Classification: • Basis ofReversibility: – Reversible – Irreservisible • Basis of Competitiveness: – Competitive – Un Competitive – Mixed
- 7. Basis of Reversibility: •Reversible • Reversible inhibitors bind to enzyme with only non covalent interactions. • Reversible inhibitors do not perform any chemical changes in enzyme or themselves and they are in dynamic equilibrium with solution and can be removed from enzyme completely by reducing inhibitor concentration in solution. • Reversible inhibition is often used as a self-regulated process in living cells, when the substrate or product of some enzymes acts as inhibitors for other enzymes.
- 8. Basis of Reversibility: •Irreversible • Irreversible inhibitors binds to enzyme via covalent bonds and prevent enzyme from further performing of catalytic acts. • It is necessary to understand, that irreversible inhibitors act on some selected group of enzymes, with no effect on other enzymes and proteins. • According to this classification it is impossible to consider chemical or physical agents which inactivate all enzymes and protein as an inhibitors.
- 9. Comparison: Reversible Irreversible Binds via non covalent Binds via covalent interactions interactions Do not perform any Inhibitor binds to the chemical changes substrate and prevent catalytic activity of enzymes. Can be reversed, as there Irreversibility due to strong is no bonding between the covalent bonding. inhibitor and substrate.
- 10. Basis of competitiveness: •Competitive Inhibition –As the name implies, compete with the substrate for active site of the enzyme. –Inhibitor is similar to natural substrates. –Most commonly occurred process.
- 12. Competitive – Uncompetitive!!! What is it ???? Lets see……
- 13. Inhibition Kinetics: Rate Law: rp= kcat (E .S)
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- 20. Misc: • Video • AllostericBinding •Case Study
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