Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development.pdf

Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development.pdf

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  PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Erikson's Theory of
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  Who is Erikson?? Iam Erik Salomonsen. You can call me Erik Erikson. I like to call myself as a Stage theorist.People know me as a Psychologist and Psychoanalyst. I conceptualised the 8 stages of psychosocial theory along with my wife Joan Erikson. I am also known for my Pulitzer winning book titled Gandhi's Truth:On the origins of Militant Nonviolence "Healthy children will not fear life if their elders have integrity enough not to fear death"
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  erikson.......one man inhis time plays many parts ,his acts being seven ages Yes Mr.Shakespere..... we are performing a huge sequential play which has 8 scenes to be acted before the curtain drops
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  Erikson, a psychoanalystand professor at Harvard,produced what was to become psychology's most popular and influential theory of human development.His model including eight stages of psychosocial growth replaced Freud's controversial theory centered on psychosexual development Each stage is influenced by biological,psychological and social factors and was sequential,from birth to infancy,childhood into adulthood,middle age into,finally,old age
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  Erik Erikson's psychosocial developmenttheory proposes that our personality develops through eight stages,from infancy to old age.
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  Social experience isvaluable throughout life,with each stage recognizable by the specific conflict we encounter between our psychological needs and the surroundindg social environment To become fully functional,confident members of the society,we must successfully complete each stage and resolve two conflicting stage
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  When successful,we acquire basichuman virtues and a healthy personality.we become well adjusted and better prepared for challenges later in life Failure on the other hand ,leads to difficulty navigating our future and a profound impact on our sense of self,our personality. We are left feeling inadequate
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  c'mon let usdig deep.......
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  Infancy (0-1year) conflict:- basic trust vs mistrust success leads tothe virtue:- HOPE Infancy is crucial to our psychosocial development. Infants are entirely reliant on caregivers specially on mother for warmth, love, stability, and nurturing If reliable and predictable, gain confidence, a sense of security and a feeling of safety in the world If inconsistent and unreliable, then trust will fail. infants will fail to meet our needs, or are detached emotionally and may conclude in such a way that they can't rely on adults
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  EARLY CHILDHOOD (1-3YEARS) Children begin todevelop a heightened sense of personal control and acquire feelings of independence. Adults normally the parents and caregivers begin giving children some degree of choice,letting them perform actions on their own. Potty training is crucial to learn physical control. The resulting feeling of security and confidence are important for progress in subsequent stages. conflict:- Autonomy vs Shame and doubt virtue is WILL success leads to a sense of personal power,feelings of autonomy,increased independence and a greater sense of being able to survive in the world if overly critisized and controlled,or prevented from assering themselves,children may feel unable to survive lacking in self esteem and excessively dependent on others.Indeed a shame over toilet accidents can impact our sense of personal control and increase levels of doubt
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  Preschool (3-6 years) Initiative Guilt Conflict virtue is Purpose vs Ifsuccessful, we learn to feel capable, secure, and able to use their initiative If fail,we may suffer guilt and self doubt and becomes less likely to lead We learn to assert ourselves and typically begin to direct play and social interactions. To our parents,our behaviour may seem vigorous, overly assertive and yet we are exploring our interpersonal skills
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  SCHOOL AGE (6-12 years) Teachersplay an important role in our continued growth within this stage.Peers and social interactions are increasingly relevant in the development of our self esteem and feelings of pride arise as we successfully perform or complete tasks conflict industry inferiority Feeling of inferiority is significant when bullying from friends and peers is experienced virtue is competence
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  ADOLESCENCE ADOLESCENCE ADOLESCENCE (12-19 YEARS) (12-19 YEARS) (12-19YEARS) conflict:- identity vs role- confusion virtue is fidelity "exists between the morality learned by the child, and the ethics to be developed by the adult"-Erikson With appropriate encouragement and reinforcement we move toward increasing independence and a stronger sense of control and self In contrary,our inability to create a sense of identity within society results in confusion and a poor sense of self.This leads to insecurity and unsureness of ourselves,our future and where we fit
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  EARLY ADULTHOOD (20-40 YEARS) VIRTUEIS INTIMACY ISOLATION VS CONFLICT:- WE ATTEMPT TO FORM LONGER TERM COMMITMENTS OUTSIDE OUR FAMILY,WITH VARYING DEGREES OF SUCCESS POSITIVE OUTCOMES lead to healthy,happy relationships that are secure and endure.The ability to love marks the ultimate success of stage six when relationships are meaningful and lasting FAILURE whether beyond or within our control, to form appropriate bonds or the avoidance of intimacy may result in loneliness,a sense of isolation and depression
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  virtue of CARE We displayour need for longevity,not necessarily in a physical sense,but as life's continuation in our children or long term impact we have on others Conflict:- Generativity vs Stagnation Success is exemplified by the virtue of care, the feeling of being useful in life,accomplishing something, and contributing to society.We are proud of who we are,what we achieved, our children and who they have become and the strong relationship with our partner. Failure is like we feel we have had little impact on the world,failing to make that dent in the universe.If so, we feel unproductive, uninvolved, disillusioned and disconnected from the world which we live
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  Old Age (65-death) Since 2012 Integrity vs Despair C O N F L I C T virtue WISDOM Successis in the belief that we have achieved our goals and found happiness, leading to the feeling of integrity, "a sense of coherance and wholeness". We feel we have achieved much and are ready to end with a sense of peace. Failure may be experienced as despair and regret over things not done, completed, or mistakes made. We are bitter about the past and present, frightened about coming to an end of our life without a sense of having lived well. Stage of Reflection
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  Psychosocial theory providesa broad framework from which to view development throughout the entire lifespan.... but............. The theory fails to provide the details of what type of experiences are necessary at each stage inorder to successfully resolve the conflicts and move to next stage
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  NB:- "This theory offersa descriptive overview of psychosocial development and doesnot attempt to define the detailed mechanisms or steps involved " -eRIkSOn PREPARED BY, LIJA MARY MATHEW