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Essential fatty acid.pptx biochemistry and nutrition nurses for
- 1. Essential fatty acid Presented by, Trukshika gondane B.Sc nursing, sem2 VSPM MDINE , NAGPUR
- 2. ESSENTIAL FATTY ACID: Defintion • The body can synthesize most of the fats it needs from the diet. However, two essential fatty acids, linolenic and linoleic acid, cannot be synthesized in the body and must be obtained from food
- 3. Role of EFAin our body. • Have a ton of benefits on your body and its cells • Help with cellular development and its cells • Blocks tumour formation in animals , also blocks the growth of human breast cancer cells • Assist in the development and function of the brain and nervous system. • Regulates proper thyroid and adrenal activity. • Regulates blood pressure immune response and liver function • helps you look good , as deficiency cause skin problems, including dandruff split nails and brittle hair
- 4. OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS •Omega-3 fatty acids are a type of polyunsaturated fat (like omega-6), considered an essential fatty acid because it cannot be manufactured by the body. • As a result, people must obtain omega-3 fatty acids from foods such as fish, nut, and plant-based oils such as canola oil and sunflower oils.
- 5. TYPES OF OMEGA-3FATTY ACIDS • ALA or alpha-linolenic acid, is an 18-carbon chain and three cis double bonds. The first double bond is located in the n-3 position or at the omega end of the fatty acid
- 6. • EPA oreicosapentaenoic acid contains a 20- carbon chain and five cis double bonds; the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end. Therefore, EPA also is considered an omega-3 fatty acid
- 7. • DHA ordocosahexaenoic acid is a 22-carbon chain with six cis double bonds; the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end of the fatty acid
- 8. SOURCES OF THESEOMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS • ALA - Canola, Soybeans, Walnuts, and Flaxseed • EPA - Oily fishes such as Cod Liver, Herring, Mackerel, Salmon, and Sardines • DHA-Oily fishes such as Cod Liver, Herring, Mackerel, Salmon, and Sardines, and also are produced from algal fermentation
- 9. HEALTH BENEFITS OFOMEGA-3 • Omega-3 fatty acids correct imbalances in modern diets that lead to health problems. Eating foods rich in Recommended • omega-3 fatty aids can help lower the risk of chronic diseases such as:
- 10. lower the riskof chronic diseases such as • Heart disease • Stroke • Cancer • Lower LDL or "bad" cholesterol Studies show that diets high in amounts of EPA and DHA help with brain and eye development, Help to prevent Alzheimer's disease
- 11. Mechanism of ALA ALA-Studiesshow a diet high in ALA helps reduce heart disease and stroke by the following mechanisms • Reducing cholesterol and triglyceride levels • Enhancing the elasticity of blood vessels • Preventing the build-up of harmful fat deposits in the arteries.
- 12. OMEGA-6 FATTY ACID •Omega-6 fatty acid is also a polyunsaturated fat, essential for human health because it cannot be made in the body. • For this reason, people must obtain omega-6 fatty acids by consuming foods such as meat, poultry, and eggs as well as nut and plant- based oils such as canola and sunflower oils
- 13. TYPES OF OMEGA-6FATTY ACID :- Linolenic acid • LA or linolenic acid is an unsaturated omega-6 fatty acid. Chemically, it is an 18-carbon chain. The first double bond is located at the sixth carbon from the omega end of the fatty acid • LA-Soybean oil, Corn oil, Safflower Oil, Sunflower Oil , Peanut Oil, Cottonseed oil, and Rice Bran Oil
- 14. Arachidonic acid • AAor Arachidonic acid is a 20-carbon chain. Its first double bond is located at the sixth carbon from the omega end of the fatty acid • AA - Peanut Oil, Meat, Eggs, and Dairy Products
- 15. Benefits of omeg-6fatty acids • Most omega-6 fatty acids are consumed in the diet from vegetable oils such as linoleic acid. Excessive amounts of linoleic acid can contribute to inflammation and result in heart disease, cancer, asthma, arthritis, and depression. • Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids: Striking the Balance • By finding a balance between omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the diet, both substances can work together to promote health. • A healthy diet should consist of roughly two to four times more omega-6 fatty acids than omega-3 fatty acids • A typical North American diet may contain 11 to 30 times more omega-6 fatty acids than omega-3 fatty acids, contributing to the rising rate of inflammatory disorders in the United States
- 17. Omega-9 fatty acids •Omega-9 fatty acids are from a family of unsaturated fats that commonly are found in vegetable and animal fats • This monounsaturated fat is described as omega-9 because the double bond is in the ninth position from the omega end. • These fatty acids are also known as oleic acids can often be found in canola, sunflower, olive, and nut oils • Unlike omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, omega-9 fatty acids are produced by the body, but are also beneficial when they are obtained in food
- 18. Types of omega-9fatty acids • Oleic acid is a main component of canola oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, and other monounsaturated fats, many of which are used as a solution for reducing bad fats in cooking oils
- 19. Sources of omega-9fatty acids • Canola oil • Sunflower Oil • Almonds oils
- 20. Health benefits ofomega-9 fatty acids • Research has shown that omega-9 fatty acids, commonly referred to as monounsaturated fatty acids, can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke.
- 21. Mechanism of action •Because omega -9 fatty acid have acids have been shown to increase HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol, they help eliminate plague build- up the arteries, which causes heart attack and stroke.
- 22. Disorders due toincreased and decreased in EFA’s level . • In 1950’s arlid Hansen showed that infants fed skimmed milk developed essential fatty acid deficiency. • Deficiency of omega -3 causes mood swings, memory loss, dementia, vision problems, hair and skin problems. • Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid forms eicosanoids that metabolised in short time. • If synthesis exceeds metabolism, tending to accumulation, can have deleterious effect. • This may cause plumping of platelets , arthritis , lupus, and asthma • Deficiency of EFA’s causes skin disorders like tod skin
- 23. Summary • Essential fattyacid are crucial type pf polyunsaturated fats that the body cannot produce on its own and must obtained through diet. • They include omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid , which plays vital roles in various bodily functions such as brain function , cardiovascular health and inflammation regulation.
- 24. Conclusion • Its isrecommended that essential fatty acid and make up 3 % to 6% of your daily caloric intake • Of this percentage , you should consume 2 to 4 times more omega -6 fatty acids than omega-3 fatty acid • A well planned plant based diet rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts , seeds , and legumes will allows you to obtain plenty of these omega -6 and omega 3s for optimal health benefits. • Whether you interest in promoting heart health ensuring the proper growth and development of your child or relieving pain, adequate intake of the essential fatty acids can help you achieves your goal.