Essential fatty acids

Essential fatty acids

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  Muhammad Umer Zafar(2191) Turan Kaya (2148)
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   Essential fattyacids, or EFAs, are fatty acids that humans and other animals must ingest because the body requires them for good health but cannot synthesise them.  Only two fatty acids are known to be essential for humans: 1. Alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) 2. Linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid). Muhammad and Turan
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   Some otherfatty acids are sometimes classified as "conditionally essential," meaning that they can become essential under some developmental or disease conditions; examples include  Docosahexaenoic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid)  Gamma-linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid). Arachidonic acid-can be synthesized in human from Linoleic acid, which is also considered as Essential. Muhammad and Turan
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   Essential fattyacids are classified as part of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA)  PUFA contains more than one double bond in their back bone. Muhammad and Turan
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  Muhammad and Turan Cis-isomers  No interaction of π electrons of double bonds (there is –CH2- between double bonds)  Classification according to ω class (the position of the last = according to the last – CH3 group, ω group) most important ω6 group and ω3 types (n-6, n-3)  ω3 aplha-Linolenic acid  ω6 Linoleic acid
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  Muhammad and Turan Play a part in the in the structure of the all cell membranes (phospholipids and glycolipids)  Phospholipids are components of Lipoproteins- transport of lipids in blood  Play a role in the process of cell signalling  Also a substrate for synthesis of Eicosanoids  Eicosanoids are considered "local hormones." They have specific effects on target cells close to their site of formation.
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  Muhammad and Turan EssentialFatty Acids Linoleic Acid  Α-linolenic acid Conditionally Essential  Eicosapentaenoic Acid  Docosahexaenoic acid  Arachidonic Acid (from linoleic acid)
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  Muhammad and Turan LinoleicAcid In plant nutrition Oil from maize Sesame Sunflower Olives Peanuts Linseeds Soybean Egg yolk
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  Muhammad and Turan Arachidonic Acid Beef Chicken Pork MotherMilk Egg yolk
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  Muhammad and Turan Eicosapentaenoic / Docosahexaenoic Acid Fish oil  Egg Yolk  Mother milk  Meat from fatty coldwater fishes (salmon, herring, sardines, mackerel)
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  Muhammad and Turan α-Linolenic Acid Flaxseed oil Walnuts Soybean oil Spinach
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   Cancer  Cardiovasculardisease  Inflammation  Developmental disabilities  Mental health  Cognitive aging  Atopic diseases  Risk of deficiency Muhammad and Turan
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  Muhammad and Turan
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  Muhammad and Turan