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EST 200, Designing Triggers for Behavior Change
- 1. 1 Designing Triggers for BehaviorChange MEC
- 2. 2 Contents • Shikakeology. • Shikakes. •Shikake Examples. • Goals of Shikakeology. • Merits of Shikakeology. • Research in Shikakeology. • Comments.
- 3. 3 Shikakeology • The JapaneseArt of Shaping Behavior through Design. • An entirely fresh way of thinking, living and connecting with others. • ‘Shikakeology’ pronounced as shē-kä-kā- ology. • Introduced by Dr. Naohiro Matsumura, Professor of Economics, Osaka University. • Study of ‘shikakes’.
- 4. 4 Shikakeology • Dr. Matsumurahas divided 120 examples he has collected into which senses they tickle, which stimulae they employ, and other such columns on a spreadsheet to make it look like a hard science. • Involves creativity and inspiration, based on demonstrated need to change the way people act. • Shikakeology is observation, not equations.
- 5. 5 Shikakeology • Has thepotential to: - sustain desirable behaviors. - induce behavioral change. - control impulses. - shape our personal habits. - boost professional success. - tackle social issues. - issues include public health and civic engagement.
- 6. 6 Shikake • A Japaneseword meaning a "device, mechanism, system, or trick“. • Not necessarily associated with psychological or behavioral modification. • Represents physical and/or psychological trigger for implicit or explicit behavior change to solve problems.
- 7. 7 Shikakes • Things thatinfluence our behaviour, not through direct requests or demands but rather through mindful, pleasant designs that invite action. • Are often simple. • Help to change our consciousness and behavior. • Development easier and less expensive than developing complicated engineering mechanisms.
- 8. 8 Purpose and Principlesof Shikakes • Induce spontaneous behavior. • Aims to change behavior through a continuous engagement and transformation process. • When people feel controlled or forced by someone or something to do something, they never do that again.
- 9. 9 Purpose and Principlesof Shikakes • If people desire and enjoy changing their behavior, they would do it repeatedly. • Modifying a child’s behavior can lead to success with adults.
- 10. 10 Shikake Examples Cylinder Pathway atTennouji Zoo, Japan.
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- 12. 12 A Flame UrinalTarget Bulls Eye
- 13. 13 Diagonal Line acrossa Shelf of Binders
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- 15. 15 Garbage Bin witha Basketball Hoop
- 16. 16 More Examples • Drawingof two eyes over the box where people are supposed to pay for their coffees increases payment, clean and easy. • Putting a mirror over a rack full of flyers caused people to stop and check themselves out — and take away flyers 2.5 times as often as when there is no mirror.
- 17. 17 More Examples • Atrash barrel that produces the sound of the trash falling for eight long seconds until it supposedly crashes onto the heap of other trash at the bottom has made people go and collect trash to throw in so they can hear the soundtrack again. • Put mint flavor on tickets at the parking garage, people tend to put them in their mouths and continue on in, sales of mints increased in neighbouring stores.
- 18. 18 More Examples • Paintingstairs like piano keys and have sensors produce sounds as you stepped on the concrete keys. • Rumble strips warn drivers they’re over the line. • Roll bars placed at a hallway intersection prevent people cutting corners and bumping into each other.
- 19. 19 Goals of Shikakeology •To codify the cause and effect of Shikake cases from physical and/or psychological points of view. • To establish a Shikake design methodology. • To share the knowledge, methods, experiments and findings that demonstrate triggers that motivate people and lead to behavior changes.
- 20. 20 Merits of ShikakeologicalApproach • Low expertise. • Address immediate problems without requiring specific expertise. • Low cost. • Wide range of target users. • Long term continuous behavior change. • An intelligence amplifier for new Artificial Intelligence platforms.
- 21. 21 Research in Shikakeology •Research in Shikaleology deeply related to Artificial Intelligence. 1) interaction design of embodied-, situated- , and behavior-based intelligence. 2) definition of Shikake ontology and knowledge representation. 3) codifying Shikake cause and effect. 4) formalizing intelligent and adaptive Shikake algorithms for reasoning, planning, and learning.
- 22. 22 Comments • Crowd controlis the essence of society. • Design out obstacles to safety and efficiency. • The perpetrator gets the desired behavior, and the victims get a bit of entertainment. • It’s a fun read, and everyone can do it — because everyone does. • No hierarchy of successful attempts, combinations or theories.
- 23. 23 Comments • Invent yourown shikakes. • Forge creative solutions to almost any problems we face.
- 24. 24 “It is wonderfulthat we can be so creative that we entertain while solving some annoyance in our lives. Simplicity can be extremely powerful, engaging our curiosity in ways that directly stated guidelines, or brute- force application of willpower, never will”.
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