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![Working for a brighter, better future
In 2013, the Ethiopian Electric
PowerCorporationwasdemerged
into two new companies, as part of
the country’s efforts to ramp up its
electricity generation capacity and
distribution networks. Ethiopian
Electric Power (EEP) was made
responsibleforthedeliveryofpower
projects,aswellastheextensionand
operationofthenationalgrid.Forits
part, the Ethiopian Electric Utility
(EEU) now looks after distribution
and customer relations as the power
retailer. EEP sells power in bulk
to EEU and also handles export
activities.
Under Ethiopia’s original five-
year Growth and Transformation
Plan (GTP1), launched in 2010
by former Prime Minister Meles
Zenawi, EEP shoulders most of the
tasks required to meet the targets
set by GTP1: increasing generating
capacity from 2,000MW to 8,000
MW, doubling the number of
peoplewhohaveaccesstoelectricity,
and expanding power coverage to
75% of the country.
The balance of the first four
years of GTP1 in the sector was
electrifying, pun intended. EEP
managedmassivepublicinvestment
in infrastructure megaprojects,
which are now starting to pay off
and provide a huge boost of power
into the grid. Meanwhile, new
transmission lines have been rolled
out nationwide and, by mid-2014,
coverage had increased by 25%.
Since its inception, EEP has been
led by Azeb Asnake who previously
served as project manager at the
massive Gibe III Hydroelectric
Project. Overcoming years of delays,
undertheleadershipofAsnake,EEP
finally brought the 797-foot-high,
€1.65-billion dam on the Omo river
on-stream last October, increasing
Ethiopia’s electricity generation
capacity by 234% in a flood.
The third hydropower plant
along the river, Gibe III is already
one of the largest in Africa, but will
be dwarfed by the fittingly named
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance
Dam (GERD). GERD is set to cost
€4.6 billion and slated to generate
6,000MW, more than enough
to make it the daddy of Africa’s
hydropower plants once it starts
producing power in the future.
In line with Ethiopia’s second
Growth and Transformation Plan
(GTP2), the national blueprint for
development until 2020, EEP is
settingitssightsevenhigher,Asnake
explains: “Our target is to reach
17,000MW,” she says. “So, we still
have 13,000 MW to be constructed
duringGTP2[and]morethan10,000
kilometres of transmission and
distribution networks to [add]. This
looksanambitiousplan,butwehave
tostriveforthatgoal.”
In the middle of last year, Asnake
revealed EEP already had hydro
and other renewable power projects
in the pipeline that could add
another 12,000MW to the grid by
2020. Harnessing the potential of
Ethiopia’s rich water resources to
provide a clean, sustainable energy
source for decades, experts believe
Ethiopian Electric Power is harnessing hydro potential and extending
the national grid in the drive to electrify the country’s development
“Ethiopia wants to become
the energy export hub for
Africa” Engineer Azeb Asnake,
CEO, Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP)
the nation could provide as much
as45,000MWtofuelrisingdemand.
Asnake is Chairperson of the
Eastern Africa Power Pool (EAPP),
grouping together nine nations
that depend on one another to
share vital resources that hold
the key to regional development.
Ethiopia already exports power to
Djibouti, Kenya, and Sudan, and
has signed MoUs to extend its
reach to Rwanda, South Sudan, and
Tanzania, as well as Yemen.
“Ethiopia wants to become the
energy export hub for Africa,”
EEP’s CEO explains. “Energy is the
means to create integration. We
invite investors to participate. There
are very attractive tax holidays and
other incentives offered by the
government to bring in investors to
the country. There is a big demand
forpartnershipsasthereisalottobe
done and many projects planned in
GTP2 and beyond.”
From grass roots to green shoots
Ethiopia has come a long
way in a generation. The
nation has staged a spectacular
transformation to become an
African leader in inclusive
development, registering massive
social and economic gains since
the 1990s. Having posted in excess
of double-digit GDP growth
for the last decade, Ethiopia
had the world’s second fastest-
expanding economy in 2015. The
International Monetary Fund
expects it to maintain a similar
pace in 2016.
Although infrastructure may
have played critical role, says
Dr Arkebe Oqubay, a Special
Advisor to the Prime Minister,
the foundations of its success lie
in agriculture. The sector provides
40% of GDP, 80% of exports,
and jobs for three-quarters of
the population. Dr Oqubay’s
role is to ensure Ethiopia’s
progress remains sustainable, by
transitioning to a manufacturing-
based economic model that adds
value to exports.
The task may be formidable,
but Ethiopia’s ambitions are
no less so, Dr Oqubay explains:
“In ten years, we want Ethiopia
to be the manufacturing hub of
Africa and number one in light
manufacturing. Every year, the
population is increasing by 2.3
million, so job creation is critical.
Light manufacturing is labour-
intensive, export-oriented, and
uses agricultural inputs.”
To reach its 11% annual GDP
growth target over the next ten
years, the government’s goal for
manufacturing is 25% year-on-
year expansion. From an existing
5% share of GDP, Dr Oqubay says,
the sector should grow fourfold
and exports increase by 30% per
annum. This will create 200,000
jobs a year, an annual jump of 50%.
“This is [a] challenging
programme,” Dr Oqubay admits,
“but the only way we can sustain
growth, make a structural
transformation, [and] pull all the
economy forward. Agriculture is
essential and inseparable from
Ethiopia’s industrialisation and
economic transformation.”
The government has identified
ten sectors to drive investment,
including agro-industries, import-
substitutionmaterials,andtextiles,
as well as innovative segments,
such as biotechnology, ICT, and
pharmaceuticals. And it plans
to build a network of industrial
parks nationwide to serve as focal
points for capital investment,
joint-venture partnerships, and
technology transfer.
Agriculture sows the seeds for manufacturing to flourish in future
ETHIOPIANINVESTMENT
COMMISSION
Sinceitsinceptionin2015,theEthio-
pian Investment Commission (EIC)
has already signed more than 10
MoUs with private-sector players
that could generate exports worth
over a billion dollars a year (€886
million). The EIC offers investors
a host of incentives, including tax
holidays of up to ten years in strate-
gic industries and no limitations on
machineryandmaterialimports.
“Our aim is to attract anchor
investors and leading manufac-
turers,” Fitsum Arega, the EIC’s
Director General reveals. “Major
buyers provide market access and
supportmanufacturers.[Wehave]a
competitive, trainable, young work-
force, which is the driver for la-
bour-intensive industries. In many
emerging economies, like China
and Turkey, manufacturers are
struggling to cope with mounting
labour costs. There are benefits for
themtorelocatetoEthiopia.”
While foreign investors are usu-
ally most comfortable close to capi-
tal cities, Ethiopia is taking a differ-
ent approach, building industrial
parksinruralareaswhereplentiful
labour and quality infrastructure
is available. This should produce a
win-win outcome for local people
andoverseaspartners:“Ethiopiahas
political and macro-economic sta-
bility and policy continuity, which
is important for investors,” Arega
insists.
Some companies are choosing
Ethiopia as their preferred
location for manufacturing:
• H&M has been working with
local partners since 2013
• Heineken opened a
€310 million brewery in
January 2015
• PVH is currently developing
a socially-responsible
factory in Hawassa, slated
to open in summer 2017.
Key MoU's
“It is the only way to sustain growth, make structural
transformations, [and] pull the economy forward”
DrArkebeOqubay,Special Advisor to the Prime Minister
An in-depth exploration of Africa’s industrialisation process by Dr Arkebe Oqubay, Special Advisor to the Prime Minister
“MADE IN AFRICA”: HOW TO MAKE INDUSTRIES WORK IN ETHIOPIA
Published by the Oxford
University Press in 2015,
‘Made in Africa, Industrial
Policy in Ethiopia’ is based on
Dr Arkebe Oqubay’s doctoral
thesis and provides a critical, and
sometimes revealing, look into
the thinking behind Ethiopia’s
industrialisation plans. Rather
than rely on market forces and
competitive advantages, as the
West has long insisted is the
only way, Dr Oqubay advocates
the benefits of government plan-
ning, backed up by political will,
as the optimum means for Af-
rica, and Ethiopia, to drive eco-
nomic growth.
Dr Oqubay illustrates his ide-
as through case studies of three
industries – cement, cut flowers,
and the leather sector – covering
the spectrum of import-substi-
tution, agro-processing, and
export-oriented light manufac-
turing comprehensively. The
work is frank in identifying the
causes of differing outcomes,
offers insight into long-term
solutions. It has been very well
received, with former World
Bank economist Justin Yifu Lin
calling it “brilliant.”
Face of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD).
Ethiopia is aiming to trans-
form itself into a powerhouse
for East Africa. The government
has invested €5.25 billion over
the last three years in its ener-
gy-sector programme and, under
GTP2, has earmarked another
$20 billion (€17.5 billion) to bring
hydroelectric mega-projects like
GERD on-stream. The goal is not
just to provide plentiful supplies
of renewable energy to power Ethi-
opia’s growth, but also contribute
to regional development.
“We have potential from hydro,
from solar, from wind, from geo-
thermal, and more,” says Motuma
Mekassa, the Minister of Water,
Irrigation and Electricity. “If we
properly utilise [what] we have,
it will serve neighbouring coun-
tries. Now, we are connected
PROVIDING MORE THAN JUST POWER TO EAST AFRICAN PEERS
mits. As a result, the government
is focused on fostering initiatives
thatpromotetechnologytransfer,
providing not just jobs but engen-
dering expertise. Rather than
relying on imports of finished
goods, preference will be given
to overseas investors who set up
ventures to manufacture vital in-
puts like solar panels and pumps
in Ethiopia.
with Sudan, Djibouti, and Kenya.
Regional interconnection will not
only benefit Ethiopia from export-
ing electricity, it is also for the se-
curity of those around us.”
In the 2015-16 fiscal year, energy
imports already earned Ethiopia
€108 million, a figure that is only
set to grow in coming years. But a
lack of know-how on the local level
remains a hurdle, the Minister ad-
Export potential from massive electricity-generation projects will not just pay dividends for Ethiopia, but also contribute to regional stability](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/85/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-5-320.jpg)
![Harnessing the power of the Nile
As a feat of engineering, the
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance
Dam (GERD) is pretty damn
(pun intended) impressive. Upon
completion, GERD will become
one of the biggest dams in Africa
and will hold back a new lake that
covers 1,800 square kilometres and
contains 74 billion cubic metres of
water. Once its twin hydropower
plants come onstream, the dam will
have6,000MWofinstalledcapacity,
harnessingarenewable,sustainable
energy source to produce up to
15,700GWh of power a year.
Located in the Benishangul-
Gumaz region, 700 kilometres
northwest of Ethiopia’s capital,
Addis Ababa, and about 14 km.
fromtheborderwithSudan,GERD
lies on the Blue Nile, one of the
two major tributaries of the world’s
longest river. The Nile flows
from Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian
Highlands, through Sudan and
Egypt to the Mediterranean
Sea, providing the lifeblood for
agriculture, power, and drinking
water to the nine states that form
partoftheNileBasinInitiativeand
share its waters.
GERD involves not just the
construction of the massive main
dam – which will reach 175 metres
at its highest point in the gorge,
stretch for 1.8km across its crown,
and require 10.2 million cubic
metres of concrete to hold back
the river – but also a 50-metre-
tall, 5km-long saddle dam, which
will hold a volume of 16 million
cubic metres of rockfill, and two
power stations, sited on either side
of the river, driven by 16 375MW-
turbines.
The €4.6 billion project is being
fast-track developed by Italy’s
Salini Impregilo, a multinational
construction giant that has been
building dams across Africa
for more than half a century, in
additiontoahugeportfolioofother
infrastructure projects worldwide.
Construction began on GERD
at the end of 2010 and is being
carried out using roller-compacted
concrete (RCC), enabling Salini
Impregilo to work at a very
impressive pace.
By April 2016, the fifth anniver-
sary of the signature of the agree-
ment between Ethiopia, Egypt,
and Sudan to develop GERD,
60% of the main dam had been
completed. Ethiopian Prime
Minister Hailemariam Desalegn
took the opportunity to thank both
countries for coming together
to create a “win-win approach”,
following a March 2015 coopera-
tion deal he signed with Egypt’s
President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi and
Sudan’s Omar al-Bashir.
Designed primarily to produce
electricity, sufficient to export
surplus to Ethiopia’s East African
neighbours like Sudan and even
Egypt, GERD will also help
regulate the flow of the Nile to
benefit agricultural production;
conserve valuable water
resources, thanks to reduced
evaporation levels compared to
the region’s existing reservoirs;
and form a new 235-metre bridge
across the Blue Nile.
Africa’s biggest dam is set to benefit much more than Ethiopia
When completed, GERD
will have 6,000MW of
capacity to serve Ethiopia
and its neighbours
www.salini-impregilo.com
FUNDING THE NATION’S
DEVELOPMENT
Foroveracentury,thestate-owned
Development Bank of Ethiopia
(DBE) has provided long-term
credittohelpthecountrygrow.Re-
established in 2003, it is Ethiopia’s
leading project financer and
serves as a conduit for local and
foreign capital to finance major
private-sector projects. In the first
half of the 2015/16 financial year,
DBE sold bonds in GERD worth
€21 million, a significant share of
the€314millionbondssoldtodate.
“Under GTP1, DBE supported the
national development agenda,”
confirms its President, Esayas
Bahre. “Commercial banks tend
to focus on short-term financing.
DBE gives priority to projects that
create employment, exports, and
economic development.”
This March, DBE announced it
would increase its own capital
from€206to€310millioneurosin
2016, via a new bond issue, and has
set an ambitious target to extend
€4.6 billion in loans during GTP2,
for private-sector investment and
SMEs in the agriculture, agro-
processing, construction, energy,
manufacturing, and mining
sectors.
Providing power for Ethiopia and for export
Following the demerger of the
Ethiopian Electric Light and
Power Authority in December
2013, the Ethiopian Electric Utility
(EEU) was given the task of
distributing and selling electricity
nationwide and, in time, to export
excess energy to neighbouring
nations. Within the framework
of the government’s accelerated
drive to expand capacity and
extend networks, EEU’s reach
and revenues look ready to grow
at an electrifying pace in the next
few years.
Over the last decade and a
half, Ethiopia has connected
millions of its citizens to reliable
power supplies, going from just
eight percent coverage in 2001,
prior to the launch of the Rural
Electrification Programme in
2006, to more than 55% today. By
2020, under GTP2, the objective is
to reach 90% penetration, no small
challenge in a country where
more than 80% of the population
still lives in rural, and often
remote, areas.
“The government and espe-
cially EEU is focusing on this
on-grid and off-grid Universal
Electricity Access Programme,”
confirms the company’s CEO,
Gosaye Mengistie Abayneh. “We
are thinking of different renewa-
ble or alternative energy sources.
All of these technologies will be
employed [and] we want to organ-
ise local entrepreneurs who have
expertise in the sector and small
and micro-enterprises. We have
almost 200 different contractors
involved.”
Although Ethiopia has already
electrified 5,000 smaller towns
and rural settlements, Abayneh
admits there is still a lot of work
to be done to achieve universal
access and that is where overseas
players can play a part: “There
is lots of room for investors,” he
insists, “especially for micro-
grid and off-grid solutions and
standalone generation options...
like solar, wind, micro- and mini-
hydro, biomass, or hybrids.”
With annual demand for power
growing at up to 25%, however, it
still comfortably outstrips supply,
EEU’s CEO, Gosaye Mengistie
Abayneh, says. Until recently,
Ethiopian households depended
on dirty fuels like kerosene and
wood for heat and light. But,
thanks to rock-bottom retail
prices – a unit of electricity in
Ethiopia typically costs a little
over half what it would in many
of the region’s markets – these
are fast being forgotten, in favour
of a cleaner, cheaper means to
cook a meal, read a book at night,
and recharge a mobile phone, all
without needing to start a fire.
Individual consumers are
not the only ones clamouring
for connections, either. The
number of power-hungry
corporate users is growing fast
and, with the government’s big
plans to develop agro-processing
and industrial parks, can only
climb, Abayneh notes. And all
of Ethiopia’s new hospitals and
health centres, new schools and
universities, and new transport
networks will need ever larger
loads of the extra capacity that
will flow into the grid when the
next generation of hydropower
mega-projects comes on-stream
before the end of the decade.
At present, Ethiopia only
possesses 2,300MW of installed
capacity,86%ofwhichcomesfrom
hydroelectric plants, but it has the
potential to generate an additional
“There is lots of room for
investors” Gosaye Mengistie
Abayneh, CEO, EEU
Esayas Bahre, President, DBE
45,000MW from its rivers alone.
Add to that 10,000MW from
geothermal resources, which
today provide just 6% of its overall
energy mix, and almost limitless
scope for the development of other
renewable sources, like solar and
wind which together account
for 8% today, with sufficient
investment it should easily reach
its declared energy production
goal of 37,000MW by 2037.
In an interview this February
with East African Business Week,
Abayneh revealed EEU’s long-
term ambition to tap into pan-
African electricity networks and
help carry Ethiopia’s electricity
and influence across the continent.
He explained that Ethiopia intends
to leverage existing power links
withitsimmediateneighbourslike
Djibouti and Sudan to strengthen
regional relations and, thanks to
agreements like the infrastructure
connectivity deal recently signed
with Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania,
and Uganda, serve a much bigger,
and more lucrative, marketplace
in the future.
As demand for electricity grows exponentially at home and abroad, Ethiopian Electric Utility
is giving power to the people and to businesses
GERD is located in the Benishangul-Gumaz region, close to the border with Sudan.
EEUlinemenworkonruralelectrificationunderthe Universal Electricity Access Programme.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/85/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-6-320.jpg)
![Ethiopia becomes the first place in Africa to hold the ICO’s annual meeting, underscoring the role the crop plays in the national economy
Getting the (telephone) numbers right Planting the seeds for future growth
Around 80 million Ethiopians
live in rural areas and most
rely on agriculture or livestock
for their livelihoods and to feed
their families. While some 95% of
the country’s agricultural output
is produced by smallholders, 80%
is consumed by those responsible
for cultivation and rearing, from
planting to harvest and calf to beef,
with just a fifth of the total finding
its way to market.
Atpresent,just5%ofagricultural
and animal production comes
from large commercial farms,
although the balance is set to swing
in coming years, thanks to the
Agricultural Growth Plan (AGP).
Since its introduction in 2010,
in line with previous strategies
to foster rural development and
Ethiopia may have one of the
lowest telecommunications
penetration rates in the world,
at about 45%, but massive gains
have been made in connectivity
under GTP1, according to the
Minister of Communication
and Information Technology,
Dr Debretsion Gebremichael.
Aided by input and investment
from leading overseas telecoms
and tech partners, the country
registered a huge increase in user
numbers, from just six million to
more than 40 million, between
2010 and 2015. Now, in line with
the objectives of GTP2: “The next
combat poverty, AGP has focused
on strengthening institutions,
scaling up best practices,
developing agro-industries, and
putting in place small-scale
infrastructure to manage irrigation
and trade networks nationwide.
According to Minister
of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, Tefera Deribew, under
GTP1 from 2010-2015, Ethiopia’s
crop production increased from
11.8 million tonnes to 27 million.
This was achieved by such means
as changing the way farmers plant
teff – a native grain used to make
injera, the flatbread which literally
move is to reach 100% penetration
in the next five years,” the Minister
declares. “The government is
pushing hard. We are investing in
infrastructure, in urban as well as
rural communities. Access is our
number-one [priority], as it has a
direct effect on economic growth.
Ifthereisanincreaseinbroadband
penetration of 10%, GDP will show
growth of 1.3%. But for countries
like us it could be even higher.”
Ethiopia began to ring in
the changes in 2006, when it
committed$1.6billion(€1.4billion,
at current exchange rates) to
overhaul telecoms infrastructure
and welcomed foreign partners
into the marketplace for the first
time. In December 2010, France
Telecom was awarded a €30
million contract to modernise
Ethio Telecom, the state-owned
telecoms provider. Then, in mid-
2013, the government signed deals
withChina’sHuaweiTechnologies
and ZTE Corporation to develop
Ethiopia’s mobile networks to
4G standards, backed by another
agreement with Sweden’s Ericsson
forms the base of Ethiopian cuisine
– to reduce seeds used by 90%
and increase yields by 40%. Other
initiatives have involved analysing
soils, introducing new fertilizers,
distributing disease-resistant
seeds, and improving breeds and
feeds to enhance productivity in
Africa’s leading livestock market.
Now, GTP2 has ramped up the
sector’s objectives to accelerate
production to 40 million tonnes
by 2020, transition towards high-
er-value commodities, eliminate
the food gap and protect against
shortages, create a market system
that benefits farmers and other
at the end of 2014, which, together,
should provide capacity for 80
million mobile subscribers.
While the Ministry looks after
communications and IT policy,
Ethio Telecom is responsible for
providing integrated telecoms
solutions across the country,
encompassing a comprehensive
suite of pre- and postpaid voice,
data, internet, international,
and value-added services (VAS).
These include ADSL, 3G, and,
since March 2015, 4G internet
connectivity for consumers, as
State-owned operator Ethio Telecom invests €1.4 billion to reach 100% penetration by 2020 GTP2 aims to produce and process higher-value yield to develop agriculture
“A lot of foreign companies
are working with us in
value-added services”
AndualemAdmassie,CEO,EthioTelecom
“We’ll develop four
agro-industrial parks in
the next five years”
Tefera Deribew, Minister of
Agriculture and Natural Resources
well as machine-to-machine
(M2M) and VSAT applications for
corporate users.
Although the government
has ruled out privatising Ethio
Telecom and the possibility of a
second license, there is still plenty
of scope for overseas investors and
partners to get involved in a sector
with enormous growth potential,
insists Andualem Admassie, Ethio
Telecom’s CEO: “We opened up
VAS,” he says, “so you’ll find a lot
of foreign companies are working
in that with us.”
Ethiopia is the world’s fifth largest
producer of coffee.
Farmers now have access to real-time crop prices.
THE LAND WHERE COFFEE CAME FROM WELCOMES THE INDUSTRY HOME
This March, the Ethiopian gov-
ernmenthostedtheInternation-
al Coffee Organization’s (ICO) 4th
World Coffee Conference, under the
theme ‘Nurturing Coffee Culture
andDiversity’.Morethan1,000dele-
gatesfrom77ICOcountriestravelled
to Addis Ababa to attend the event.
AsthehomelandofArabica,theICO
could not have chosen a more fitting
location for Africa’s first-ever global
meeting of the industry.
In his remarks at the opening
ceremony, Hussein Agraw, the
President of the Ethiopia Coffee
Exporters’ Association highlighted
the importance coffee has to the
country’s economy: “Over four
million farmers make their living
from the crop and more than
10 million people deal, directly
or indirectly, with the sector in
transporting, trading, processing,
roasting, and exporting.”
According to officials at the
Ministry of Trade, Ethiopia is tar-
geting a 45% hike in coffee exports
this year, to reach around 260,000
tonnes. In 2014, the country posted
exports of 184,000 tonnes, worth
€685million.Thegovernmentisex-
tending loans to exporters and pro-
cessors, offering incentives to help
farms expand and modernise, and
enhancing marketing and promo-
tion of Ethiopian coffee worldwide.
economic actors, build capacity,
and work towards broad-based,
inclusive and sustainable agricul-
tural development. The goal is to
add value to agriculture at home
to reduce dependency on imports
and earn more from exports of
processed products.
“In this GTP period, one of
the elements we introduced is
to work along the value chain,”
Minister Deribew explains, “so
re-transformation can be achieved.
We have identified 17 agro-indus-
trial parks all over the country and
we’ll develop four in the coming
five years.”
Since its launch in April 2008,
the Ethiopia Commodity
Exchange (ECX) has served as
an open, trusted marketplace
for the country’s agricultural
sector. Its end-to-end system
enables commodities to be
traded, graded, and stored in
an efficient, secure manner,
ensuring payment and delivery
are free from risk.
Prior to the ECX’s inception,
only about a third of Ethiopia’s
agricultural production came to
market. Growers had little ac-
cess to price data, so only sold
to buyers they knew to avoid
default and fraud. Traders had to
rely on visual inspections of pro-
duce before purchasing, with no
guarantee of quality or quantity.
As a result, the costs of doing busi-
ness spiralled, leading to higher
prices for consumers.
The ECX now uses mobile SMS
messaging, social media, and
since October 2015, a proprietary
e-trading platform to allow actors
involved to see how exactly the
market functions, making it work
for everybody’s benefit from the
farm to the table.
“Our participation in ECX is
benefiting not only members of
ETHIOPIA COMMODITY EXCHANGE HELPS TRANSPARENCY AND TRUST GROW
has transformed traditional
trading into a modern marketing
system with technological
advancement and transparency.”
the union, but all smallholder
farmers,” says Ato Yirdaw Alemu,
theGeneralManageroftheWodera
Farmers’ Cooperative Union. “ECX
Africa’s pioneering end-to-end marketplace for agricultural produce is providing benefits for all, at every step of the value chain
ErmiasEshetu,CEOofEthiopianCommodityExchangeshowstheelectronictagfortraceability.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/85/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-10-320.jpg)
![Agro-alchemy turns green into gold
In October 2016, Prime Minister
Hailemariam Desalegn will
welcome public- and private-
sector delegates from around the
world to the first International
Agro-Industry Investment Forum
in Addis Ababa. Organised by the
government and UNIDO, the
event aims to highlight Ethiopia’s
investment climate, showcase
opportunities in sectors like food
processing, leather products,
pharmaceuticals, and textiles,
and promote investment in light
manufacturing.
At present, the vast majority
of Ethiopia’s production is not
transformed prior to export,
meaning that value is added, and
benefited from, elsewhere. But the
government’s goal under GTP2
is to transform the country’s role
from merely cultivating crops and
raising cattle to producing finished
and semi-finished manufactured
goods using homegrown inputs, to
retain a bigger share of the fruits of
its labour: “The commercialisation
of the agriculture sector will
be linked to agro-processing
industries,” insists Minister
of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, Tefera Deribew.
Agricultural produce, cut
flowers, and livestock accounted
foralmost80%ofEthiopia’sexports
in 2015, worth €2.36 billion. Coffee,
tea, and spices led the way (29.7%),
followed by fruit and vegetables
(18.4%), oil seeds (16.7%), flowers
and plants (8.1%), and live animals
(5.9%). In fact, of the country’s
top-ten export segments, only one
– gems and precious metals – was
not sourced from the agricultural
and animal-rearing sectors, with
processed by-products like meat,
leather hides, garments, and
footwear making up the rest of the
list.
Ethiopia now plans to build four
agro-industrial parks at a cost of
Creating impact investment
Although Ethiopians may drink
less beer, per head than some of
their thirstier African peers – the
country downed an estimated
7.5 litres per capita in 2014,
compared to South Africa’s 58
litres and Namibia’s 104 litres.
Which shows consumption has
been rising for a decade. Little
wonder then, that the Dutch
brewing giant, Heineken, has
stepped up to the bar and invested
millions into the local economy to
serve the growing demand for a
cold one.
“Why Ethiopia?” smiles Gerrit
van Loo, Heineken Ethiopia’s
Managing Director. “It’s a huge
country, a fast- growing economy,
consumption is relatively low
and rising fast, so there’s room
to develop a big beer market.
The formula is: economic and
population growth, urbanization,
and an emerging middle class;
all these factors signalled a great
potential growth engine for the
company.”
In January 2015, Heineken
opened a brand-new, €110-million
brewery at Kilinto, near to Addis
Ababa, where it can produce 150
million litres of its portfolio of
brands, including local favourites
Walia, Bedele, and Harar, as well
as its iconic eponymous brew. The
plant took the company’s total
investment in Ethiopia to €400
million over the last five years,
since it bought Bedele and Harar
breweries from the government
back in 2011.
AspartofitsPartnerforGrowth
strategy, Heineken is committed
€1.3 billion by 2020 —in Amhara,
Oromia, Southern Ethiopia,
and Tigray— as anchors for
development. Expected to attract
upto400private-sectorcompanies,
and direct foreign investment to
activities with growth potential,
they are set to strengthen the
supply chain, bring farmers closer
to markets, and put in place the
infrastructure needed to process
raw materials in the rural areas
where they are produced.
The birthplace of coffee
Thank goat for coffee. The story
goes that, centuries ago, not far
from Bonga in the country’s misty
highlands, an Ethiopian goatherd
was surprised to see his herd perk
up after eating the bright red fruit
of a shrub he did not recognise.
Intrigued, he sampled a couple
himselfandtherestishistory.Today,
coffee arabica beans are used in
around75%oftheworld’scoffeeand
more than 15 million Ethiopians
depend on them economically.
Ethiopia exported €700 million
worth of coffee last year, much of it
soldontoprivate-sectorcompanies
via the Ethiopia Commodity
Exchange (ECX). Created in 2008,
the ECX provides market access
and information to millions of
smallholders who, otherwise,
would find it almost impossible to
sell their produce for a fair price.
Via an SMS-based service, it sends
up-to-date ticker data from 160
to working with its Ethiopian
partners to develop its raw barley
supply chain, while supporting
the nation’s import substitution
drive. CREATE, a public-private
partnership it signed with the
Dutch government and the NGO
EUCORD in 2013, aims to help
20,000 local farmers grow barley
in a more productive way by 2017.
“We partly finance the seeds,
and materials needed, and give
them to cooperatives,” van Loo
explains. “They grow the barley,
sellittous,andwemakebeeroutof
it. We are changing communities
for the better and planting the
seeds for sustainability.”
Nohidingleather’spotential
According to the Central
Statistical Agency, there are as
many cows, sheep, and goats in
Ethiopia as people, providing
huge potential not just for meat
production, but also leather. But,
between 2010-15, the Ethiopian
Leather Industries Association
(ELIA) noted, export earnings
fell below the five-year target of
€435 million, reaching just €113
million.
Under GTP2, the goal is for
exports to generate €700 million
by 2020, driven by manufacturing
to transform raw hides into
finished goods. To do so will
require investment to improve
inputs, strengthen supply chains,
and implement technology to add
value to leather in Ethiopia before
export.
Bahirdar Tannery is well ahead
of the curve, having evolved from
semi-processing to finishing in
local markets to over 3.3 million
farmers every month, according to
its CEO, Ermias Eshetu.
Legesse Sherefa is just one of
the exporters that stands to benefit
from the ECX’s introduction, in
November 2015, of electronic
traceability for every bag of coffee
produced in Ethiopia. Established
in 1970, Legesse Sherefa continues
to be a family-owned concern and
currently markets nine grades
washed and unwashed speciality
coffees.
The company ships 2,000 tonnes
of beans a year to the U.S. and
European markets – like France,
Germany,andItaly,whereitsellsto
the world-famous Illy brand – and,
increasingly, to the Far East: “We
are now focusing on Japan,” says
Ahmed Legesse, the company’s
General Manager. “We’re also
looking at the Chinese market and
Korea is booming.”
less than two decades. It already
sells its high-quality, highland
leather and gloves from Sweden
to Japan, and is close to getting its
products into the US market. The
factory will add bags, garments,
and other leather goods to its
product list soon.
“Ethiopia has very famous
leather, suitable both for dress
and golf gloves,” says Yigzaw
Assefa, Bahirdar’s CEO and the
Chairman of ELIA,“I’m open
to working with any interested
investor, especially on the final
product, because we can be
competitive on production and
they can be competitive on the
marketing side.”
Cut flowers growing fast
The Ethiopian cut-flower industry
began to bloom just a decade
and a half ago, but the nation
already ranks as Africa’s second
largest producer. Exports, which
contribute80%ofincomeearnings
from horticulture, are set to reach
an estimated €485 million in 2016.
Ethiopia has everything it takes
to grow high-value varieties, like
roses, in spades: a benevolent
climate, lots of land, and cost-
effective transport from the field
to markets.
According to the President
of the Ethiopian Horticulture
Producers and Exporters
Association (EHPEA), Zelalem
Messele, the sector now employs
asmanyas100,000peopledirectly,
85% of whom are women, and
provides much needed inflows
of foreign currency to shore up
Ethiopia’s trade deficit. EHPEA
has more than 90 members,
75% of whom are international
companies, and represents their
collective interests in logistics
negotiations and lobbying efforts.
The Ethiopian government
has enthusiastically supported
growth in the industry, via
investment incentives like
corporate tax exemptions, the
elimination of import duties,
Leading local and overseas players are transforming Ethiopia’s harvest into finished products
Abbahawa Trading Company
is another homegrown business
with impeccable taste in coffee.
Founded in 1958 and run by the
thirdgenerationofthesamefamily,
it has grown to become Ethiopia’s
second largest exporter of coffee
today.Thecompanysoldmorethan
11,000 tonnes of its six sun-dried
and washed varieties worldwide
in 2015, worth €30 million,
mostly to Europe and Japan.
For the ultimate speciality
highland coffee, Abbahawa can
even custom roast, grind, and
vacuum-pack single-origin
Arabica beans to order, for
same-day shipping anywhere in
the world: “Our coffee is 100%
Ethiopian,” points out Fuad Kedir,
Abbahawa’s Deputy Managing
Director. “The big roasters [use]
60-70% low-quality Robusta and
Arabica from Brazil, but they don’t
have the real Ethiopian taste.”
and preferential financing terms,
while state-owned land near
Addis Ababa Bole International
Airport has been leased at low
prices for farms. Leveraging
their location, producers have
cultivated close relations with the
national flag carrier, Ethiopian
Airlines, which offers discounted
rates for freight on the 15 flights it
operates weekly to European and
overseas markets.
Fairtrade-certified Afriflora
has been growing roses on one of
the world’s biggest flower farms
in Oromia state for over a decade,
after its Dutch founders, the
Barnhoorn family, were invited
by the Ethiopian government
to replicate the success of a
previous venture in Kenya. Its
Sher Farms is a model of
sustainable development and
social responsibility, impacting
as many as 100,000 people in
Ethiopia. Thanks to the Sher
Foundation, workers and their
families enjoy access to a primary
school, a hospital, and capacity
building programmes.
Aflifora made the headlines
back in June 2014, when the
New York private-equity firm
KKR invested €175 million to
purchase a stake in the company,
which grows more than 700
million flowers a year for
export from its 350 hectares of
greenhouses. Then, in March
2015, the International Finance
Corporation agreed to lend the
company €90 million to expand
production by 60%, which was
expected to create another 4,500
jobs in addition its existing
9,000-strong workforce.
Created in 1995 by 25
individuals to promote
economicandsocialdevelopment
in Amhara National Regional
State, TIRET (which means
‘effort’ in Amharic) has grown
to become one of the largest
holding endowments in Ethiopia,
leading the way in setting up new
businesses, creating jobs, and
attracting investment to benefit
the state’s people.
TIRET is active today via 17
enterprises established in the last
two decades, with another 12 pro-
jects in the pipeline, and is organ-
isedintofourclusters:agriculture
and agro-processing, construc-
tion, manufacturing, and servic-
es. These include subsidiaries
like Azila Electronics, which as-
sembles household applicances,
and Tana Communications,
which assembles mobile and
fixed-line telephones and print-
ers, through deals with South
Korea’s Samsung Electronics. In
another of its joint-venture suc-
cess stories, TIRET attracted and
secured the biggest private-equi-
ty investment ever in Ethiopia in
2012, with the UK’s Duet Vasari,
in Dashen Breweries.
Tadesse Kassa, TIRET’s
CEO, recently revealed that
the corporate aims to earn €2.5
billion for Amhara National
Regional State by 2020, thanks
to a strategic expansion plan that
will see the launch of another 30
companies over the next seven
years. “There is big potential in
Amhara,” Kassa insists. “We
make a profit to sustain [TIRET]
and to continue, but we are
development-oriented.”
ALLEVIATING POVERTY THROUGH ECONOMIC
AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/85/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-12-320.jpg)
![Unbanked equals unlimited growth Exports key to sustaining growth
In the two decades since
Ethiopia’s financial sector was
liberalised, 16 private commercial
banks have opened their doors,
joining two state-owned institu-
tions —the Commercial Bank of
Ethiopia (CBE) and the DBE— in
the fast-growing marketplace.
Only one in five of the nation’s 100
million people are thought to hold
an account, providing massive
scope for the industry to extend its
reach.
Foreign banks and shareholders
are not permitted under Ethiopian
law, but, despite depending
on domestic funds to finance
operations, according to a 2015
report by the World Bank Group,
“banks appear well capitalised and
profitable.” The National Bank of
Ethiopia’s latest data pegged total
assets in the system at more than
€1.5 billion in Q3 2015, a jump of
In its latest assessment this
April, Fitch Ratings awarded
Ethiopia solid ‘B’s across the
board with a stable outlook. But
it noted that the current account
deficit remains a concern for
government planners and
policymakers, with international
reserves standing at just over two
months of payments at the end of
2015. Fitch also warned the birr is
overvalued by 30%, adding to the
risk of exchange rate adjustment
if The National Bank of Ethiopia
does not contain depreciation
against the dollar.
“A country can only grow
to that extent it can generate
foreign exchange or [improve]
its export performance,” concurs
Dr Arkebe Oqubay, the architect
of Ethiopia’s industrialisation
policy. “Light manufacturing is
export-oriented and we have to
supply the global market, because
we need to address constraints in
foreign exchange.”
Increasing the value and
volume of exports will be key to
sustaining Ethiopia’s decade-long
growth and ensuring the country
attains middle-income status
by 2025. To do so, the nation not
only needs to process more of its
production into finished goods
that can be sold for higher prices
and bigger margins, but also has
to develop new productive sectors
16.4% over the previous quarter,
with private banks accounting for
48% of the total.
At the end of last September,
2,787 branches were operating
nationwide, with a third located in
the capital. Attending to the needs
of Ethiopia’s rural population,
the Association of Ethiopian
Microfinance Institutions
(AEMFI) groups together 34
members, which collectively
control a credit portfolio worth
almost €850 million, with loans
issued to 3.8 million borrowers.
Ethiopia’s biggest bank by
assets, and by some margin, is
still the CBE, which held around
33% of the capital in the financial
system in Q3 2015, with assets of
to diversify its economic base.
A2014reportbytheWorldBank
Group, entitled ‘Strengthening
Export Perfomance through
Improved Competitiveness’, high-
lighted how much Ethiopia stands
to gain by transforming its raw
material riches before sending
them overseas. While a kilogram
of unprocessed coffee beans sells
for about $20, the report pointed
out, “a kilo of roasted Ethiopian
coffee retails for as much as $40 in
international markets.”
One of Ethiopia’s top coffee
exporters, Abbahawa Trading
Company, already roasts its own
beans for export, but has now
turned to an even more basic
commodity to grow its bottom
line and boost foreign sales. Last
€12.8 billion. Established in 1942,
CBE has long been a pioneer – it
introduced ATMs to Ethiopia and
today has nearly a million cards
in circulation – and today serves 11
million account holders, as well as
460,000 mobile and online clients.
Following its merger with state-
owned Construction and Business
Bank last December, CBE now has
over 1,100 branches nationwide
and employs 22,000 people. At
the start of 2016, as part of its
five-year plan to mobilise deposits,
the bank’s President, Bekalu
Zeleke, approved a backlog of
applications for letters of credit
worth €1.75 billion, triggering a
massive flow of cash into the CBE’s
coffers.
September, it launched ‘One’, a
new bottled mineral water, which
is being produced by a dedicated
subsidiary, Mogle Bottling Water
Manufacturing.
Mogle is not just putting water
into bottles, but manufacturing
the packaging and handling
distribution from its plant in
Sebeta, close to Addis Ababa.
Abbahawa has invested €8.25
million in the venture, most of
which was spent to build the
factory and buy machinery
and delivery trucks. By July, it
plans to increase production to
700,000 600ml bottles a day, says
its General Manager, Enyew
Zeleke, adding: “We already
started exporting to neighbouring
countries like Djibouti.”
Led by state-owned giant CBE, the financial sector sets its sights on serving new customers Industrialisation drive should help sell more overseas and boost foreign exchange reserves
“By 2025, we will be a
world-class commercial
bank” Bekalu Zeleke,
President, CBE
GEORGE SHOE
INCREASES FOOTPRINT
“If I cannot wear a bad shoe,
nobody else should wear a bad
shoe.” That, in a nutshell, is
the philosophy behind George
Shoe Ethiopia, O.K. Kaul, the
company’s General Manager
explains. Its Ethiopian operation
began producing comfortable,
quality footwear for export in
June 2014, although the group’s
origins date back to 1979, when
its factory opened in Taiwan.
George Shoe invested close to
€8 million to set up its first
two factories in Addis Ababa’s
Bole Lemi Industrial Zone,
which make 3,000 pairs of
shoes a day for export to China,
Japan, and the United States.
The firm posted revenues of
€3.3 million in 2015 and, last
August, announced plans to
set up a new industrial park
on 86 hectares in Mojo to
expand capacity.
Slated for completion by 2018,
the new factories are expected
to cost more than €100 million.
They will enable George Shoe
to ramp up production and
process 450,000 square metres
of leather to make 750,000 pairs
of shoes every month as well as
other leather articles, providing
work for 20,000 people.
“We have to expand to face
international competition when
the financial sector opens,” Zeleke,
who is also the Director of ECX,
explains. “Our merger... was a good
example for the private sector. By
2025, [we] will be a world-class
commercial bank. We are working
on being one of the best banks in
the world, not just in Africa.”
In an interview earlier this year,
AddisuHabba,thePresidentofboth
the Ethiopian Bankers’ Association
and privately-owned Debub Global
Bank, agreed the Ethiopian finan-
cial sector still had a long way to go
to be internationally competitive,
insisting that increased capitalisa-
tion and consolidation would be
needed in the next few years.
Ethiopian Airlines carries cargo to over 90 destinations worldwide.Tem rehenimagnim rem verorpo rporem im fugiam sitiumque optatur ab inum que
FLOWERS LEADING THE WAY FOR HORTICULTURE EXPORTSMOBILISING BANKING
Ethiopia’s flower trade is
blooming. The nation now
ranks second in Africa after
Kenya, with over 100 farms
flourishing on 1,700 hectares of
land. While floriculture may be
the fastest growing segment, it is
far from the only crop Ethiopia
grows for export. Within five
In a perfect example of
how ICT brings the world
together, M-Birr, Ethiopia’s
first mobile money service, was
co-initiated by a Frenchman
in Ireland. Thierry Artaud is
the COO of MOSS ICT and
General Manager of its Ethiopian
operation, which provides the
years, according to the Ethiopian
Horticulture Producer Exporters
Association (EHPEA), the total area
under cultivation for flowers, plants,
fruit, herbs, and vegetables should
reach3,000hectares. EHPEAwasset
up in 2002 by five farms that joined
forces to lobby the government to
develop infrastructure and logistics
technology to connect the country’s
top five micro-finance institutions
— ADSCI, ASCI, DECSI,
OCSSCO, and OMO— to the 80%
of local people who are currently
unbanked, but, thanks to M-Birr,
can now manage many of their
financial needs via mobile phone.
“Obviously, the basic service is you
of its member companies to foster
industry partnerships, enhance
market access, promote responsi-
ble production, and build capacity:
“We have our own training team
that works with the management
of farms to earn quality certifica-
tions that the market requires,”
Messele says.
networks, improve access to finance,
and introduce export-oriented
incentives. Less than a decade and a
halflater,ithascloseto100members
that grow all kinds of produce
for export to overseas markets,
principally to the European Union.
Led by Chairman Zalelem
Messele, EHPEA works on behalf
can pay and get paid,” Artaud says.
“Youcantransferandreceivemoney
from anywhere in the country, and
very soon from abroad.” Users can
also pay for goods and services,
withdraw cash at TOTAL service
stations, and handle bills and loans,
he adds: “Mobile banking brings
tremendous benefits.”
Floriculture production has grown exponentially in recent years, mostly for European markets, and Ethiopia looks set to overtake Kenya as Africa’s top exporterInnovative mobile money service connects micro-finance leaders to consumers, allowing them to pay bills and receive cash even where banks do not go](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/85/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-14-320.jpg)
![There’s gold in them thar hills
While the whereabouts of
King Solomon’s mines may
forever be a mystery, the Queen
of Sheba probably sourced her
fabled hoard of gold from northern
Ethiopia, if the 2012 discovery of
an ancient mineshaft on Gheralta
plateau did, indeed, belong to the
biblical ruler. Today, a modern gold
(and potash) rush is underway, with
foreign investment flooding in and
multinational mining firms staking
their claims over the last few years.
The government has done its
part to incentivise investment in
the sector, cutting royalties on gold
from 8% to 7%, reduced income tax
from 35% to 25%, introducing two
new types of licence, and launching
a computerised cadastre system to
register concessions, among other
measures.
Aside from gold and potash,
Ethiopia also possesses reserves
of copper, platinum and tantalum,
which is increasingly in demand
for use in transistors, as well as
minerals like cement, clay, gypsum,
salt, and shale.
According to a 2014 World Bank
report, the nation’s mining sector
could be worth between €1.3 and
€1.75 billion by 2024, although a
number of challenges still need to
be resolved for the country to fulfil
its potential.
At present, 90% of mining
activity remains artisanal and
small-scale, but by the end of
GTP2 in 2020, the country aims
to have five major gold mines in
operation and have commenced
commercial production of potash
from the massive 100-million-ton
Danakil deposit in Afar state. As
Tolesa Shagi, Ethiopia’s Minister
of Mines, Petroleum and Natural
Gas, confirms: “Ethiopia’s metals
and minerals are untapped and
unexplored. There are huge
resources we’re discovering now.”
For now, the only operating gold
mine in the country is Lega Dembi,
in southern Ethiopia’s Sidamo
province, which was bought by
Midroc Gold, a subsidiary of the
privately-owned Midroc Ethiopian
Investment Group, from the state
in 1997 for $172 million (€151
million, at current exchange rates).
Production began in 1998 and now
stands at 4,500 tonnes of silver
and gold a year. Midroc Gold also
started developing a second mine in
Sakaro,neartoLegaDembi,in2010.
In January 2012, National
Mining Corporation, also part of
the Midroc Group, announced the
biggest find yet of gold and base
metals in Ethiopia at Dawa Okote
in Oromia state, containing up to
500 tonnes. Ethiopia’s own Ezana
Mining Development launched
a €15.6 million refinery project in
northern Tigray state in 2013. And
at the beginning of 2016, US giant
Newmont Mining Corporation
revealed its interest in exploring in
thecountry,ontwoconcessionsalso
in Tigray state.
ButCyprus-basedKEFIMinerals
is betting on being next to extract
gold commercially, when its Tulu
Kapi project in Western Ethiopian
enters production in 2017. With
probable ore reserves in excess of
28 tonnes, Tulu Kapi is projected to
havealifetimeofnineyearsandwill
require investment of some €130
million. KEFI also intends to build
a processing plant with the capacity
to handle 1.2 million tonnes of
material a year.
The only rival that could beat
KEFI past the post is ASCOM
Precious Metals (APM), a
subsidiary of Egypt’s Qalaa
Holdings. Active in Ethiopia since
2008, APM holds the rights to two
concessions: Asosa, in the western
part of the country, and Awero
Godere, in the southwest. Qalaa
Abundant metal and mineral riches fuel exploration rush for homegrown and overseas miners
expects to invest more than €35
million by the time it applies for a
mining licence at Dish Mountain
in Asosa, after the release of a
promising maiden resource
statement in 2014 that revealed the
presence of 48 tonnes of gold.
Since then, says Omar El-
Alfy, Vice President of Qalaa
Holdings, APM has been hard
at work, drilling to de-risk the
project and producing feasibility,
environmental and social impact
studies to move to the production
phase: “Our exploration licence
expires in 2017 and we’re well on
track to apply for a mining licence
within that timeframe,” El-Alfy
explains, “We are extremely
determined about getting to
development and are looking
forward to growing this business.
This is just the first stepping
stone. Once we start producing, it
will grow very aggressively [and]
quickly.”
El-Alfy says that APM’s
investment in Ethiopia will likely
exceed €175 million, once it has
added the cost of a processing
facility to its pre-production
budget, but that its impact is not
justeconomic:“Thesocialbenefits
are ample,” he insists, “like the
jobs it’s going to create, [as well
as] improved education, improved
infrastructure that comes as the
industry develops.”
Lega Dembi gold mine.
Kenya
South
Sudan
Yemen
Rwanda
Burundi
ETHIOPIA
North
Sudan
KenyaKenyaKenya
Sudan
YemenYemenYemen
ETHIOPIA
North
Sudan
Djibouti
Ethiopian Electric Power
Tel: +251-11 558 05 29
azebasnake@gmail.com
www.eep.gov.et
EXPORTING CLEAN AND
GREEN ENERGY TO THE REGION
Proudly leading the renewable energy revolution in Ethiopia and East Africa, ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC
POWER (EEP) is seeking international partners to take advantage of the country’s hydro, wind,
geothermal and solar power opportunities.
Under the ambitious national transformation plan currently being undertaken, and the existence
of conducive governmental energy policy and a stable economic and political environment, EEP is
targeting international investment and financing for projects that will boost national and regional
energy capacity.
Blessed with wonderful natural resources that make it an ideal destination for investors seeking
profitable openings in green energies, Ethiopia boasts vast potential in areas such as hydroelectric,
biomass, solar, geothermal and wind energies, with detailed feasibility studies already concluded.
EEP desires international financial and human capital — from private and public sector entities — to
maximize these exciting openings that will further fuel the superior transformation of the country, add
capacity to the national grid and allow Ethiopia to expand its export of green and clean energy.
Last September, the inaugural
edition of the Ethiopia Inter-
national Mining Conference
Exhibition brought together 300
public- and private-sector stake-
holders in Addis Ababa. Tolesa
Shagi, the Minister of Mines, Pe-
troleum and Natural Gas was on
hand to talk about mining’s po-
tential impact on the country’s for-
tunes and the government’s support
for the industry.
Although gold generates almost
19% of Ethiopia’s export income,
mining still represents only a small
shareoftheeconomy.Butthatshould
change drastically over the next dec-
ade, as the sector is expected to ac-
EXTRACTING GREATER VALUE FROM ETHIOPIA’S MINING POTENTIAL
The rally in gold prices since the
beginning of 2016 has provided sig-
nificant cause for optimism in the
industry’s prospects. At the end of
April, two new companies joined
the fray, with Letto Mining and
Lozbez Mining signing deals with
the Ministry to dig for placer and
primarygoldandsilver.
count for 10% of GDP by 2025, thanks
to a comprehensive set of measures
introduced to stimulate capital in-
vestment: “We hope to increase em-
ployment, government revenue, and
foreign-currencyearnings,”Minister
Shagi says. “There will be a radical
rise [that] will contribute to our so-
cial and economic transformation.”
Ministry responsible for sector aims to bolster revenues, export earnings, and foreign exchange reserves, as rising gold prices attract new players](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/85/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-16-320.jpg)
![Working for a brighter, better future
In 2013, the Ethiopian Electric
PowerCorporationwasdemerged
into two new companies, as part of
the country’s efforts to ramp up its
electricity generation capacity and
distribution networks. Ethiopian
Electric Power (EEP) was made
responsibleforthedeliveryofpower
projects,aswellastheextensionand
operationofthenationalgrid.Forits
part, the Ethiopian Electric Utility
(EEU) now looks after distribution
and customer relations as the power
retailer. EEP sells power in bulk
to EEU and also handles export
activities.
Under Ethiopia’s original five-
year Growth and Transformation
Plan (GTP1), launched in 2010
by former Prime Minister Meles
Zenawi, EEP shoulders most of the
tasks required to meet the targets
set by GTP1: increasing generating
capacity from 2,000MW to 8,000
MW, doubling the number of
peoplewhohaveaccesstoelectricity,
and expanding power coverage to
75% of the country.
The balance of the first four
years of GTP1 in the sector was
electrifying, pun intended. EEP
managedmassivepublicinvestment
in infrastructure megaprojects,
which are now starting to pay off
and provide a huge boost of power
into the grid. Meanwhile, new
transmission lines have been rolled
out nationwide and, by mid-2014,
coverage had increased by 25%.
Since its inception, EEP has been
led by Azeb Asnake who previously
served as project manager at the
massive Gibe III Hydroelectric
Project. Overcoming years of delays,
undertheleadershipofAsnake,EEP
finally brought the 797-foot-high,
€1.65-billion dam on the Omo river
on-stream last October, increasing
Ethiopia’s electricity generation
capacity by 234% in a flood.
The third hydropower plant
along the river, Gibe III is already
one of the largest in Africa, but will
be dwarfed by the fittingly named
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance
Dam (GERD). GERD is set to cost
€4.6 billion and slated to generate
6,000MW, more than enough
to make it the daddy of Africa’s
hydropower plants once it starts
producing power in the future.
In line with Ethiopia’s second
Growth and Transformation Plan
(GTP2), the national blueprint for
development until 2020, EEP is
settingitssightsevenhigher,Asnake
explains: “Our target is to reach
17,000MW,” she says. “So, we still
have 13,000 MW to be constructed
duringGTP2[and]morethan10,000
kilometres of transmission and
distribution networks to [add]. This
looksanambitiousplan,butwehave
tostriveforthatgoal.”
In the middle of last year, Asnake
revealed EEP already had hydro
and other renewable power projects
in the pipeline that could add
another 12,000MW to the grid by
2020. Harnessing the potential of
Ethiopia’s rich water resources to
provide a clean, sustainable energy
source for decades, experts believe
Ethiopian Electric Power is harnessing hydro potential and extending
the national grid in the drive to electrify the country’s development
“Ethiopia wants to become
the energy export hub for
Africa” Engineer Azeb Asnake,
CEO, Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP)
the nation could provide as much
as45,000MWtofuelrisingdemand.
Asnake is Chairperson of the
Eastern Africa Power Pool (EAPP),
grouping together nine nations
that depend on one another to
share vital resources that hold
the key to regional development.
Ethiopia already exports power to
Djibouti, Kenya, and Sudan, and
has signed MoUs to extend its
reach to Rwanda, South Sudan, and
Tanzania, as well as Yemen.
“Ethiopia wants to become the
energy export hub for Africa,”
EEP’s CEO explains. “Energy is the
means to create integration. We
invite investors to participate. There
are very attractive tax holidays and
other incentives offered by the
government to bring in investors to
the country. There is a big demand
forpartnershipsasthereisalottobe
done and many projects planned in
GTP2 and beyond.”
From grass roots to green shoots
Ethiopia has come a long
way in a generation. The
nation has staged a spectacular
transformation to become an
African leader in inclusive
development, registering massive
social and economic gains since
the 1990s. Having posted in excess
of double-digit GDP growth
for the last decade, Ethiopia
had the world’s second fastest-
expanding economy in 2015. The
International Monetary Fund
expects it to maintain a similar
pace in 2016.
Although infrastructure may
have played critical role, says
Dr Arkebe Oqubay, a Special
Advisor to the Prime Minister,
the foundations of its success lie
in agriculture. The sector provides
40% of GDP, 80% of exports,
and jobs for three-quarters of
the population. Dr Oqubay’s
role is to ensure Ethiopia’s
progress remains sustainable, by
transitioning to a manufacturing-
based economic model that adds
value to exports.
The task may be formidable,
but Ethiopia’s ambitions are
no less so, Dr Oqubay explains:
“In ten years, we want Ethiopia
to be the manufacturing hub of
Africa and number one in light
manufacturing. Every year, the
population is increasing by 2.3
million, so job creation is critical.
Light manufacturing is labour-
intensive, export-oriented, and
uses agricultural inputs.”
To reach its 11% annual GDP
growth target over the next ten
years, the government’s goal for
manufacturing is 25% year-on-
year expansion. From an existing
5% share of GDP, Dr Oqubay says,
the sector should grow fourfold
and exports increase by 30% per
annum. This will create 200,000
jobs a year, an annual jump of 50%.
“This is [a] challenging
programme,” Dr Oqubay admits,
“but the only way we can sustain
growth, make a structural
transformation, [and] pull all the
economy forward. Agriculture is
essential and inseparable from
Ethiopia’s industrialisation and
economic transformation.”
The government has identified
ten sectors to drive investment,
including agro-industries, import-
substitutionmaterials,andtextiles,
as well as innovative segments,
such as biotechnology, ICT, and
pharmaceuticals. And it plans
to build a network of industrial
parks nationwide to serve as focal
points for capital investment,
joint-venture partnerships, and
technology transfer.
Agriculture sows the seeds for manufacturing to flourish in future
ETHIOPIANINVESTMENT
COMMISSION
Sinceitsinceptionin2015,theEthio-
pian Investment Commission (EIC)
has already signed more than 10
MoUs with private-sector players
that could generate exports worth
over a billion dollars a year (€886
million). The EIC offers investors
a host of incentives, including tax
holidays of up to ten years in strate-
gic industries and no limitations on
machineryandmaterialimports.
“Our aim is to attract anchor
investors and leading manufac-
turers,” Fitsum Arega, the EIC’s
Director General reveals. “Major
buyers provide market access and
supportmanufacturers.[Wehave]a
competitive, trainable, young work-
force, which is the driver for la-
bour-intensive industries. In many
emerging economies, like China
and Turkey, manufacturers are
struggling to cope with mounting
labour costs. There are benefits for
themtorelocatetoEthiopia.”
While foreign investors are usu-
ally most comfortable close to capi-
tal cities, Ethiopia is taking a differ-
ent approach, building industrial
parksinruralareaswhereplentiful
labour and quality infrastructure
is available. This should produce a
win-win outcome for local people
andoverseaspartners:“Ethiopiahas
political and macro-economic sta-
bility and policy continuity, which
is important for investors,” Arega
insists.
Some companies are choosing
Ethiopia as their preferred
location for manufacturing:
• H&M has been working with
local partners since 2013
• Heineken opened a
€310 million brewery in
January 2015
• PVH is currently developing
a socially-responsible
factory in Hawassa, slated
to open in summer 2017.
Key MoU's
“It is the only way to sustain growth, make structural
transformations, [and] pull the economy forward”
DrArkebeOqubay,Special Advisor to the Prime Minister
An in-depth exploration of Africa’s industrialisation process by Dr Arkebe Oqubay, Special Advisor to the Prime Minister
“MADE IN AFRICA”: HOW TO MAKE INDUSTRIES WORK IN ETHIOPIA
Published by the Oxford
University Press in 2015,
‘Made in Africa, Industrial
Policy in Ethiopia’ is based on
Dr Arkebe Oqubay’s doctoral
thesis and provides a critical, and
sometimes revealing, look into
the thinking behind Ethiopia’s
industrialisation plans. Rather
than rely on market forces and
competitive advantages, as the
West has long insisted is the
only way, Dr Oqubay advocates
the benefits of government plan-
ning, backed up by political will,
as the optimum means for Af-
rica, and Ethiopia, to drive eco-
nomic growth.
Dr Oqubay illustrates his ide-
as through case studies of three
industries – cement, cut flowers,
and the leather sector – covering
the spectrum of import-substi-
tution, agro-processing, and
export-oriented light manufac-
turing comprehensively. The
work is frank in identifying the
causes of differing outcomes,
offers insight into long-term
solutions. It has been very well
received, with former World
Bank economist Justin Yifu Lin
calling it “brilliant.”
Face of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD).
Ethiopia is aiming to trans-
form itself into a powerhouse
for East Africa. The government
has invested €5.25 billion over
the last three years in its ener-
gy-sector programme and, under
GTP2, has earmarked another
$20 billion (€17.5 billion) to bring
hydroelectric mega-projects like
GERD on-stream. The goal is not
just to provide plentiful supplies
of renewable energy to power Ethi-
opia’s growth, but also contribute
to regional development.
“We have potential from hydro,
from solar, from wind, from geo-
thermal, and more,” says Motuma
Mekassa, the Minister of Water,
Irrigation and Electricity. “If we
properly utilise [what] we have,
it will serve neighbouring coun-
tries. Now, we are connected
PROVIDING MORE THAN JUST POWER TO EAST AFRICAN PEERS
mits. As a result, the government
is focused on fostering initiatives
thatpromotetechnologytransfer,
providing not just jobs but engen-
dering expertise. Rather than
relying on imports of finished
goods, preference will be given
to overseas investors who set up
ventures to manufacture vital in-
puts like solar panels and pumps
in Ethiopia.
with Sudan, Djibouti, and Kenya.
Regional interconnection will not
only benefit Ethiopia from export-
ing electricity, it is also for the se-
curity of those around us.”
In the 2015-16 fiscal year, energy
imports already earned Ethiopia
€108 million, a figure that is only
set to grow in coming years. But a
lack of know-how on the local level
remains a hurdle, the Minister ad-
Export potential from massive electricity-generation projects will not just pay dividends for Ethiopia, but also contribute to regional stability](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/75/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-5-2048.jpg)
![Harnessing the power of the Nile
As a feat of engineering, the
Grand Ethiopian Renaissance
Dam (GERD) is pretty damn
(pun intended) impressive. Upon
completion, GERD will become
one of the biggest dams in Africa
and will hold back a new lake that
covers 1,800 square kilometres and
contains 74 billion cubic metres of
water. Once its twin hydropower
plants come onstream, the dam will
have6,000MWofinstalledcapacity,
harnessingarenewable,sustainable
energy source to produce up to
15,700GWh of power a year.
Located in the Benishangul-
Gumaz region, 700 kilometres
northwest of Ethiopia’s capital,
Addis Ababa, and about 14 km.
fromtheborderwithSudan,GERD
lies on the Blue Nile, one of the
two major tributaries of the world’s
longest river. The Nile flows
from Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian
Highlands, through Sudan and
Egypt to the Mediterranean
Sea, providing the lifeblood for
agriculture, power, and drinking
water to the nine states that form
partoftheNileBasinInitiativeand
share its waters.
GERD involves not just the
construction of the massive main
dam – which will reach 175 metres
at its highest point in the gorge,
stretch for 1.8km across its crown,
and require 10.2 million cubic
metres of concrete to hold back
the river – but also a 50-metre-
tall, 5km-long saddle dam, which
will hold a volume of 16 million
cubic metres of rockfill, and two
power stations, sited on either side
of the river, driven by 16 375MW-
turbines.
The €4.6 billion project is being
fast-track developed by Italy’s
Salini Impregilo, a multinational
construction giant that has been
building dams across Africa
for more than half a century, in
additiontoahugeportfolioofother
infrastructure projects worldwide.
Construction began on GERD
at the end of 2010 and is being
carried out using roller-compacted
concrete (RCC), enabling Salini
Impregilo to work at a very
impressive pace.
By April 2016, the fifth anniver-
sary of the signature of the agree-
ment between Ethiopia, Egypt,
and Sudan to develop GERD,
60% of the main dam had been
completed. Ethiopian Prime
Minister Hailemariam Desalegn
took the opportunity to thank both
countries for coming together
to create a “win-win approach”,
following a March 2015 coopera-
tion deal he signed with Egypt’s
President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi and
Sudan’s Omar al-Bashir.
Designed primarily to produce
electricity, sufficient to export
surplus to Ethiopia’s East African
neighbours like Sudan and even
Egypt, GERD will also help
regulate the flow of the Nile to
benefit agricultural production;
conserve valuable water
resources, thanks to reduced
evaporation levels compared to
the region’s existing reservoirs;
and form a new 235-metre bridge
across the Blue Nile.
Africa’s biggest dam is set to benefit much more than Ethiopia
When completed, GERD
will have 6,000MW of
capacity to serve Ethiopia
and its neighbours
www.salini-impregilo.com
FUNDING THE NATION’S
DEVELOPMENT
Foroveracentury,thestate-owned
Development Bank of Ethiopia
(DBE) has provided long-term
credittohelpthecountrygrow.Re-
established in 2003, it is Ethiopia’s
leading project financer and
serves as a conduit for local and
foreign capital to finance major
private-sector projects. In the first
half of the 2015/16 financial year,
DBE sold bonds in GERD worth
€21 million, a significant share of
the€314millionbondssoldtodate.
“Under GTP1, DBE supported the
national development agenda,”
confirms its President, Esayas
Bahre. “Commercial banks tend
to focus on short-term financing.
DBE gives priority to projects that
create employment, exports, and
economic development.”
This March, DBE announced it
would increase its own capital
from€206to€310millioneurosin
2016, via a new bond issue, and has
set an ambitious target to extend
€4.6 billion in loans during GTP2,
for private-sector investment and
SMEs in the agriculture, agro-
processing, construction, energy,
manufacturing, and mining
sectors.
Providing power for Ethiopia and for export
Following the demerger of the
Ethiopian Electric Light and
Power Authority in December
2013, the Ethiopian Electric Utility
(EEU) was given the task of
distributing and selling electricity
nationwide and, in time, to export
excess energy to neighbouring
nations. Within the framework
of the government’s accelerated
drive to expand capacity and
extend networks, EEU’s reach
and revenues look ready to grow
at an electrifying pace in the next
few years.
Over the last decade and a
half, Ethiopia has connected
millions of its citizens to reliable
power supplies, going from just
eight percent coverage in 2001,
prior to the launch of the Rural
Electrification Programme in
2006, to more than 55% today. By
2020, under GTP2, the objective is
to reach 90% penetration, no small
challenge in a country where
more than 80% of the population
still lives in rural, and often
remote, areas.
“The government and espe-
cially EEU is focusing on this
on-grid and off-grid Universal
Electricity Access Programme,”
confirms the company’s CEO,
Gosaye Mengistie Abayneh. “We
are thinking of different renewa-
ble or alternative energy sources.
All of these technologies will be
employed [and] we want to organ-
ise local entrepreneurs who have
expertise in the sector and small
and micro-enterprises. We have
almost 200 different contractors
involved.”
Although Ethiopia has already
electrified 5,000 smaller towns
and rural settlements, Abayneh
admits there is still a lot of work
to be done to achieve universal
access and that is where overseas
players can play a part: “There
is lots of room for investors,” he
insists, “especially for micro-
grid and off-grid solutions and
standalone generation options...
like solar, wind, micro- and mini-
hydro, biomass, or hybrids.”
With annual demand for power
growing at up to 25%, however, it
still comfortably outstrips supply,
EEU’s CEO, Gosaye Mengistie
Abayneh, says. Until recently,
Ethiopian households depended
on dirty fuels like kerosene and
wood for heat and light. But,
thanks to rock-bottom retail
prices – a unit of electricity in
Ethiopia typically costs a little
over half what it would in many
of the region’s markets – these
are fast being forgotten, in favour
of a cleaner, cheaper means to
cook a meal, read a book at night,
and recharge a mobile phone, all
without needing to start a fire.
Individual consumers are
not the only ones clamouring
for connections, either. The
number of power-hungry
corporate users is growing fast
and, with the government’s big
plans to develop agro-processing
and industrial parks, can only
climb, Abayneh notes. And all
of Ethiopia’s new hospitals and
health centres, new schools and
universities, and new transport
networks will need ever larger
loads of the extra capacity that
will flow into the grid when the
next generation of hydropower
mega-projects comes on-stream
before the end of the decade.
At present, Ethiopia only
possesses 2,300MW of installed
capacity,86%ofwhichcomesfrom
hydroelectric plants, but it has the
potential to generate an additional
“There is lots of room for
investors” Gosaye Mengistie
Abayneh, CEO, EEU
Esayas Bahre, President, DBE
45,000MW from its rivers alone.
Add to that 10,000MW from
geothermal resources, which
today provide just 6% of its overall
energy mix, and almost limitless
scope for the development of other
renewable sources, like solar and
wind which together account
for 8% today, with sufficient
investment it should easily reach
its declared energy production
goal of 37,000MW by 2037.
In an interview this February
with East African Business Week,
Abayneh revealed EEU’s long-
term ambition to tap into pan-
African electricity networks and
help carry Ethiopia’s electricity
and influence across the continent.
He explained that Ethiopia intends
to leverage existing power links
withitsimmediateneighbourslike
Djibouti and Sudan to strengthen
regional relations and, thanks to
agreements like the infrastructure
connectivity deal recently signed
with Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania,
and Uganda, serve a much bigger,
and more lucrative, marketplace
in the future.
As demand for electricity grows exponentially at home and abroad, Ethiopian Electric Utility
is giving power to the people and to businesses
GERD is located in the Benishangul-Gumaz region, close to the border with Sudan.
EEUlinemenworkonruralelectrificationunderthe Universal Electricity Access Programme.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/75/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-6-2048.jpg)
![Ethiopia becomes the first place in Africa to hold the ICO’s annual meeting, underscoring the role the crop plays in the national economy
Getting the (telephone) numbers right Planting the seeds for future growth
Around 80 million Ethiopians
live in rural areas and most
rely on agriculture or livestock
for their livelihoods and to feed
their families. While some 95% of
the country’s agricultural output
is produced by smallholders, 80%
is consumed by those responsible
for cultivation and rearing, from
planting to harvest and calf to beef,
with just a fifth of the total finding
its way to market.
Atpresent,just5%ofagricultural
and animal production comes
from large commercial farms,
although the balance is set to swing
in coming years, thanks to the
Agricultural Growth Plan (AGP).
Since its introduction in 2010,
in line with previous strategies
to foster rural development and
Ethiopia may have one of the
lowest telecommunications
penetration rates in the world,
at about 45%, but massive gains
have been made in connectivity
under GTP1, according to the
Minister of Communication
and Information Technology,
Dr Debretsion Gebremichael.
Aided by input and investment
from leading overseas telecoms
and tech partners, the country
registered a huge increase in user
numbers, from just six million to
more than 40 million, between
2010 and 2015. Now, in line with
the objectives of GTP2: “The next
combat poverty, AGP has focused
on strengthening institutions,
scaling up best practices,
developing agro-industries, and
putting in place small-scale
infrastructure to manage irrigation
and trade networks nationwide.
According to Minister
of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, Tefera Deribew, under
GTP1 from 2010-2015, Ethiopia’s
crop production increased from
11.8 million tonnes to 27 million.
This was achieved by such means
as changing the way farmers plant
teff – a native grain used to make
injera, the flatbread which literally
move is to reach 100% penetration
in the next five years,” the Minister
declares. “The government is
pushing hard. We are investing in
infrastructure, in urban as well as
rural communities. Access is our
number-one [priority], as it has a
direct effect on economic growth.
Ifthereisanincreaseinbroadband
penetration of 10%, GDP will show
growth of 1.3%. But for countries
like us it could be even higher.”
Ethiopia began to ring in
the changes in 2006, when it
committed$1.6billion(€1.4billion,
at current exchange rates) to
overhaul telecoms infrastructure
and welcomed foreign partners
into the marketplace for the first
time. In December 2010, France
Telecom was awarded a €30
million contract to modernise
Ethio Telecom, the state-owned
telecoms provider. Then, in mid-
2013, the government signed deals
withChina’sHuaweiTechnologies
and ZTE Corporation to develop
Ethiopia’s mobile networks to
4G standards, backed by another
agreement with Sweden’s Ericsson
forms the base of Ethiopian cuisine
– to reduce seeds used by 90%
and increase yields by 40%. Other
initiatives have involved analysing
soils, introducing new fertilizers,
distributing disease-resistant
seeds, and improving breeds and
feeds to enhance productivity in
Africa’s leading livestock market.
Now, GTP2 has ramped up the
sector’s objectives to accelerate
production to 40 million tonnes
by 2020, transition towards high-
er-value commodities, eliminate
the food gap and protect against
shortages, create a market system
that benefits farmers and other
at the end of 2014, which, together,
should provide capacity for 80
million mobile subscribers.
While the Ministry looks after
communications and IT policy,
Ethio Telecom is responsible for
providing integrated telecoms
solutions across the country,
encompassing a comprehensive
suite of pre- and postpaid voice,
data, internet, international,
and value-added services (VAS).
These include ADSL, 3G, and,
since March 2015, 4G internet
connectivity for consumers, as
State-owned operator Ethio Telecom invests €1.4 billion to reach 100% penetration by 2020 GTP2 aims to produce and process higher-value yield to develop agriculture
“A lot of foreign companies
are working with us in
value-added services”
AndualemAdmassie,CEO,EthioTelecom
“We’ll develop four
agro-industrial parks in
the next five years”
Tefera Deribew, Minister of
Agriculture and Natural Resources
well as machine-to-machine
(M2M) and VSAT applications for
corporate users.
Although the government
has ruled out privatising Ethio
Telecom and the possibility of a
second license, there is still plenty
of scope for overseas investors and
partners to get involved in a sector
with enormous growth potential,
insists Andualem Admassie, Ethio
Telecom’s CEO: “We opened up
VAS,” he says, “so you’ll find a lot
of foreign companies are working
in that with us.”
Ethiopia is the world’s fifth largest
producer of coffee.
Farmers now have access to real-time crop prices.
THE LAND WHERE COFFEE CAME FROM WELCOMES THE INDUSTRY HOME
This March, the Ethiopian gov-
ernmenthostedtheInternation-
al Coffee Organization’s (ICO) 4th
World Coffee Conference, under the
theme ‘Nurturing Coffee Culture
andDiversity’.Morethan1,000dele-
gatesfrom77ICOcountriestravelled
to Addis Ababa to attend the event.
AsthehomelandofArabica,theICO
could not have chosen a more fitting
location for Africa’s first-ever global
meeting of the industry.
In his remarks at the opening
ceremony, Hussein Agraw, the
President of the Ethiopia Coffee
Exporters’ Association highlighted
the importance coffee has to the
country’s economy: “Over four
million farmers make their living
from the crop and more than
10 million people deal, directly
or indirectly, with the sector in
transporting, trading, processing,
roasting, and exporting.”
According to officials at the
Ministry of Trade, Ethiopia is tar-
geting a 45% hike in coffee exports
this year, to reach around 260,000
tonnes. In 2014, the country posted
exports of 184,000 tonnes, worth
€685million.Thegovernmentisex-
tending loans to exporters and pro-
cessors, offering incentives to help
farms expand and modernise, and
enhancing marketing and promo-
tion of Ethiopian coffee worldwide.
economic actors, build capacity,
and work towards broad-based,
inclusive and sustainable agricul-
tural development. The goal is to
add value to agriculture at home
to reduce dependency on imports
and earn more from exports of
processed products.
“In this GTP period, one of
the elements we introduced is
to work along the value chain,”
Minister Deribew explains, “so
re-transformation can be achieved.
We have identified 17 agro-indus-
trial parks all over the country and
we’ll develop four in the coming
five years.”
Since its launch in April 2008,
the Ethiopia Commodity
Exchange (ECX) has served as
an open, trusted marketplace
for the country’s agricultural
sector. Its end-to-end system
enables commodities to be
traded, graded, and stored in
an efficient, secure manner,
ensuring payment and delivery
are free from risk.
Prior to the ECX’s inception,
only about a third of Ethiopia’s
agricultural production came to
market. Growers had little ac-
cess to price data, so only sold
to buyers they knew to avoid
default and fraud. Traders had to
rely on visual inspections of pro-
duce before purchasing, with no
guarantee of quality or quantity.
As a result, the costs of doing busi-
ness spiralled, leading to higher
prices for consumers.
The ECX now uses mobile SMS
messaging, social media, and
since October 2015, a proprietary
e-trading platform to allow actors
involved to see how exactly the
market functions, making it work
for everybody’s benefit from the
farm to the table.
“Our participation in ECX is
benefiting not only members of
ETHIOPIA COMMODITY EXCHANGE HELPS TRANSPARENCY AND TRUST GROW
has transformed traditional
trading into a modern marketing
system with technological
advancement and transparency.”
the union, but all smallholder
farmers,” says Ato Yirdaw Alemu,
theGeneralManageroftheWodera
Farmers’ Cooperative Union. “ECX
Africa’s pioneering end-to-end marketplace for agricultural produce is providing benefits for all, at every step of the value chain
ErmiasEshetu,CEOofEthiopianCommodityExchangeshowstheelectronictagfortraceability.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/75/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-10-2048.jpg)
![Agro-alchemy turns green into gold
In October 2016, Prime Minister
Hailemariam Desalegn will
welcome public- and private-
sector delegates from around the
world to the first International
Agro-Industry Investment Forum
in Addis Ababa. Organised by the
government and UNIDO, the
event aims to highlight Ethiopia’s
investment climate, showcase
opportunities in sectors like food
processing, leather products,
pharmaceuticals, and textiles,
and promote investment in light
manufacturing.
At present, the vast majority
of Ethiopia’s production is not
transformed prior to export,
meaning that value is added, and
benefited from, elsewhere. But the
government’s goal under GTP2
is to transform the country’s role
from merely cultivating crops and
raising cattle to producing finished
and semi-finished manufactured
goods using homegrown inputs, to
retain a bigger share of the fruits of
its labour: “The commercialisation
of the agriculture sector will
be linked to agro-processing
industries,” insists Minister
of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, Tefera Deribew.
Agricultural produce, cut
flowers, and livestock accounted
foralmost80%ofEthiopia’sexports
in 2015, worth €2.36 billion. Coffee,
tea, and spices led the way (29.7%),
followed by fruit and vegetables
(18.4%), oil seeds (16.7%), flowers
and plants (8.1%), and live animals
(5.9%). In fact, of the country’s
top-ten export segments, only one
– gems and precious metals – was
not sourced from the agricultural
and animal-rearing sectors, with
processed by-products like meat,
leather hides, garments, and
footwear making up the rest of the
list.
Ethiopia now plans to build four
agro-industrial parks at a cost of
Creating impact investment
Although Ethiopians may drink
less beer, per head than some of
their thirstier African peers – the
country downed an estimated
7.5 litres per capita in 2014,
compared to South Africa’s 58
litres and Namibia’s 104 litres.
Which shows consumption has
been rising for a decade. Little
wonder then, that the Dutch
brewing giant, Heineken, has
stepped up to the bar and invested
millions into the local economy to
serve the growing demand for a
cold one.
“Why Ethiopia?” smiles Gerrit
van Loo, Heineken Ethiopia’s
Managing Director. “It’s a huge
country, a fast- growing economy,
consumption is relatively low
and rising fast, so there’s room
to develop a big beer market.
The formula is: economic and
population growth, urbanization,
and an emerging middle class;
all these factors signalled a great
potential growth engine for the
company.”
In January 2015, Heineken
opened a brand-new, €110-million
brewery at Kilinto, near to Addis
Ababa, where it can produce 150
million litres of its portfolio of
brands, including local favourites
Walia, Bedele, and Harar, as well
as its iconic eponymous brew. The
plant took the company’s total
investment in Ethiopia to €400
million over the last five years,
since it bought Bedele and Harar
breweries from the government
back in 2011.
AspartofitsPartnerforGrowth
strategy, Heineken is committed
€1.3 billion by 2020 —in Amhara,
Oromia, Southern Ethiopia,
and Tigray— as anchors for
development. Expected to attract
upto400private-sectorcompanies,
and direct foreign investment to
activities with growth potential,
they are set to strengthen the
supply chain, bring farmers closer
to markets, and put in place the
infrastructure needed to process
raw materials in the rural areas
where they are produced.
The birthplace of coffee
Thank goat for coffee. The story
goes that, centuries ago, not far
from Bonga in the country’s misty
highlands, an Ethiopian goatherd
was surprised to see his herd perk
up after eating the bright red fruit
of a shrub he did not recognise.
Intrigued, he sampled a couple
himselfandtherestishistory.Today,
coffee arabica beans are used in
around75%oftheworld’scoffeeand
more than 15 million Ethiopians
depend on them economically.
Ethiopia exported €700 million
worth of coffee last year, much of it
soldontoprivate-sectorcompanies
via the Ethiopia Commodity
Exchange (ECX). Created in 2008,
the ECX provides market access
and information to millions of
smallholders who, otherwise,
would find it almost impossible to
sell their produce for a fair price.
Via an SMS-based service, it sends
up-to-date ticker data from 160
to working with its Ethiopian
partners to develop its raw barley
supply chain, while supporting
the nation’s import substitution
drive. CREATE, a public-private
partnership it signed with the
Dutch government and the NGO
EUCORD in 2013, aims to help
20,000 local farmers grow barley
in a more productive way by 2017.
“We partly finance the seeds,
and materials needed, and give
them to cooperatives,” van Loo
explains. “They grow the barley,
sellittous,andwemakebeeroutof
it. We are changing communities
for the better and planting the
seeds for sustainability.”
Nohidingleather’spotential
According to the Central
Statistical Agency, there are as
many cows, sheep, and goats in
Ethiopia as people, providing
huge potential not just for meat
production, but also leather. But,
between 2010-15, the Ethiopian
Leather Industries Association
(ELIA) noted, export earnings
fell below the five-year target of
€435 million, reaching just €113
million.
Under GTP2, the goal is for
exports to generate €700 million
by 2020, driven by manufacturing
to transform raw hides into
finished goods. To do so will
require investment to improve
inputs, strengthen supply chains,
and implement technology to add
value to leather in Ethiopia before
export.
Bahirdar Tannery is well ahead
of the curve, having evolved from
semi-processing to finishing in
local markets to over 3.3 million
farmers every month, according to
its CEO, Ermias Eshetu.
Legesse Sherefa is just one of
the exporters that stands to benefit
from the ECX’s introduction, in
November 2015, of electronic
traceability for every bag of coffee
produced in Ethiopia. Established
in 1970, Legesse Sherefa continues
to be a family-owned concern and
currently markets nine grades
washed and unwashed speciality
coffees.
The company ships 2,000 tonnes
of beans a year to the U.S. and
European markets – like France,
Germany,andItaly,whereitsellsto
the world-famous Illy brand – and,
increasingly, to the Far East: “We
are now focusing on Japan,” says
Ahmed Legesse, the company’s
General Manager. “We’re also
looking at the Chinese market and
Korea is booming.”
less than two decades. It already
sells its high-quality, highland
leather and gloves from Sweden
to Japan, and is close to getting its
products into the US market. The
factory will add bags, garments,
and other leather goods to its
product list soon.
“Ethiopia has very famous
leather, suitable both for dress
and golf gloves,” says Yigzaw
Assefa, Bahirdar’s CEO and the
Chairman of ELIA,“I’m open
to working with any interested
investor, especially on the final
product, because we can be
competitive on production and
they can be competitive on the
marketing side.”
Cut flowers growing fast
The Ethiopian cut-flower industry
began to bloom just a decade
and a half ago, but the nation
already ranks as Africa’s second
largest producer. Exports, which
contribute80%ofincomeearnings
from horticulture, are set to reach
an estimated €485 million in 2016.
Ethiopia has everything it takes
to grow high-value varieties, like
roses, in spades: a benevolent
climate, lots of land, and cost-
effective transport from the field
to markets.
According to the President
of the Ethiopian Horticulture
Producers and Exporters
Association (EHPEA), Zelalem
Messele, the sector now employs
asmanyas100,000peopledirectly,
85% of whom are women, and
provides much needed inflows
of foreign currency to shore up
Ethiopia’s trade deficit. EHPEA
has more than 90 members,
75% of whom are international
companies, and represents their
collective interests in logistics
negotiations and lobbying efforts.
The Ethiopian government
has enthusiastically supported
growth in the industry, via
investment incentives like
corporate tax exemptions, the
elimination of import duties,
Leading local and overseas players are transforming Ethiopia’s harvest into finished products
Abbahawa Trading Company
is another homegrown business
with impeccable taste in coffee.
Founded in 1958 and run by the
thirdgenerationofthesamefamily,
it has grown to become Ethiopia’s
second largest exporter of coffee
today.Thecompanysoldmorethan
11,000 tonnes of its six sun-dried
and washed varieties worldwide
in 2015, worth €30 million,
mostly to Europe and Japan.
For the ultimate speciality
highland coffee, Abbahawa can
even custom roast, grind, and
vacuum-pack single-origin
Arabica beans to order, for
same-day shipping anywhere in
the world: “Our coffee is 100%
Ethiopian,” points out Fuad Kedir,
Abbahawa’s Deputy Managing
Director. “The big roasters [use]
60-70% low-quality Robusta and
Arabica from Brazil, but they don’t
have the real Ethiopian taste.”
and preferential financing terms,
while state-owned land near
Addis Ababa Bole International
Airport has been leased at low
prices for farms. Leveraging
their location, producers have
cultivated close relations with the
national flag carrier, Ethiopian
Airlines, which offers discounted
rates for freight on the 15 flights it
operates weekly to European and
overseas markets.
Fairtrade-certified Afriflora
has been growing roses on one of
the world’s biggest flower farms
in Oromia state for over a decade,
after its Dutch founders, the
Barnhoorn family, were invited
by the Ethiopian government
to replicate the success of a
previous venture in Kenya. Its
Sher Farms is a model of
sustainable development and
social responsibility, impacting
as many as 100,000 people in
Ethiopia. Thanks to the Sher
Foundation, workers and their
families enjoy access to a primary
school, a hospital, and capacity
building programmes.
Aflifora made the headlines
back in June 2014, when the
New York private-equity firm
KKR invested €175 million to
purchase a stake in the company,
which grows more than 700
million flowers a year for
export from its 350 hectares of
greenhouses. Then, in March
2015, the International Finance
Corporation agreed to lend the
company €90 million to expand
production by 60%, which was
expected to create another 4,500
jobs in addition its existing
9,000-strong workforce.
Created in 1995 by 25
individuals to promote
economicandsocialdevelopment
in Amhara National Regional
State, TIRET (which means
‘effort’ in Amharic) has grown
to become one of the largest
holding endowments in Ethiopia,
leading the way in setting up new
businesses, creating jobs, and
attracting investment to benefit
the state’s people.
TIRET is active today via 17
enterprises established in the last
two decades, with another 12 pro-
jects in the pipeline, and is organ-
isedintofourclusters:agriculture
and agro-processing, construc-
tion, manufacturing, and servic-
es. These include subsidiaries
like Azila Electronics, which as-
sembles household applicances,
and Tana Communications,
which assembles mobile and
fixed-line telephones and print-
ers, through deals with South
Korea’s Samsung Electronics. In
another of its joint-venture suc-
cess stories, TIRET attracted and
secured the biggest private-equi-
ty investment ever in Ethiopia in
2012, with the UK’s Duet Vasari,
in Dashen Breweries.
Tadesse Kassa, TIRET’s
CEO, recently revealed that
the corporate aims to earn €2.5
billion for Amhara National
Regional State by 2020, thanks
to a strategic expansion plan that
will see the launch of another 30
companies over the next seven
years. “There is big potential in
Amhara,” Kassa insists. “We
make a profit to sustain [TIRET]
and to continue, but we are
development-oriented.”
ALLEVIATING POVERTY THROUGH ECONOMIC
AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/75/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-12-2048.jpg)
![Unbanked equals unlimited growth Exports key to sustaining growth
In the two decades since
Ethiopia’s financial sector was
liberalised, 16 private commercial
banks have opened their doors,
joining two state-owned institu-
tions —the Commercial Bank of
Ethiopia (CBE) and the DBE— in
the fast-growing marketplace.
Only one in five of the nation’s 100
million people are thought to hold
an account, providing massive
scope for the industry to extend its
reach.
Foreign banks and shareholders
are not permitted under Ethiopian
law, but, despite depending
on domestic funds to finance
operations, according to a 2015
report by the World Bank Group,
“banks appear well capitalised and
profitable.” The National Bank of
Ethiopia’s latest data pegged total
assets in the system at more than
€1.5 billion in Q3 2015, a jump of
In its latest assessment this
April, Fitch Ratings awarded
Ethiopia solid ‘B’s across the
board with a stable outlook. But
it noted that the current account
deficit remains a concern for
government planners and
policymakers, with international
reserves standing at just over two
months of payments at the end of
2015. Fitch also warned the birr is
overvalued by 30%, adding to the
risk of exchange rate adjustment
if The National Bank of Ethiopia
does not contain depreciation
against the dollar.
“A country can only grow
to that extent it can generate
foreign exchange or [improve]
its export performance,” concurs
Dr Arkebe Oqubay, the architect
of Ethiopia’s industrialisation
policy. “Light manufacturing is
export-oriented and we have to
supply the global market, because
we need to address constraints in
foreign exchange.”
Increasing the value and
volume of exports will be key to
sustaining Ethiopia’s decade-long
growth and ensuring the country
attains middle-income status
by 2025. To do so, the nation not
only needs to process more of its
production into finished goods
that can be sold for higher prices
and bigger margins, but also has
to develop new productive sectors
16.4% over the previous quarter,
with private banks accounting for
48% of the total.
At the end of last September,
2,787 branches were operating
nationwide, with a third located in
the capital. Attending to the needs
of Ethiopia’s rural population,
the Association of Ethiopian
Microfinance Institutions
(AEMFI) groups together 34
members, which collectively
control a credit portfolio worth
almost €850 million, with loans
issued to 3.8 million borrowers.
Ethiopia’s biggest bank by
assets, and by some margin, is
still the CBE, which held around
33% of the capital in the financial
system in Q3 2015, with assets of
to diversify its economic base.
A2014reportbytheWorldBank
Group, entitled ‘Strengthening
Export Perfomance through
Improved Competitiveness’, high-
lighted how much Ethiopia stands
to gain by transforming its raw
material riches before sending
them overseas. While a kilogram
of unprocessed coffee beans sells
for about $20, the report pointed
out, “a kilo of roasted Ethiopian
coffee retails for as much as $40 in
international markets.”
One of Ethiopia’s top coffee
exporters, Abbahawa Trading
Company, already roasts its own
beans for export, but has now
turned to an even more basic
commodity to grow its bottom
line and boost foreign sales. Last
€12.8 billion. Established in 1942,
CBE has long been a pioneer – it
introduced ATMs to Ethiopia and
today has nearly a million cards
in circulation – and today serves 11
million account holders, as well as
460,000 mobile and online clients.
Following its merger with state-
owned Construction and Business
Bank last December, CBE now has
over 1,100 branches nationwide
and employs 22,000 people. At
the start of 2016, as part of its
five-year plan to mobilise deposits,
the bank’s President, Bekalu
Zeleke, approved a backlog of
applications for letters of credit
worth €1.75 billion, triggering a
massive flow of cash into the CBE’s
coffers.
September, it launched ‘One’, a
new bottled mineral water, which
is being produced by a dedicated
subsidiary, Mogle Bottling Water
Manufacturing.
Mogle is not just putting water
into bottles, but manufacturing
the packaging and handling
distribution from its plant in
Sebeta, close to Addis Ababa.
Abbahawa has invested €8.25
million in the venture, most of
which was spent to build the
factory and buy machinery
and delivery trucks. By July, it
plans to increase production to
700,000 600ml bottles a day, says
its General Manager, Enyew
Zeleke, adding: “We already
started exporting to neighbouring
countries like Djibouti.”
Led by state-owned giant CBE, the financial sector sets its sights on serving new customers Industrialisation drive should help sell more overseas and boost foreign exchange reserves
“By 2025, we will be a
world-class commercial
bank” Bekalu Zeleke,
President, CBE
GEORGE SHOE
INCREASES FOOTPRINT
“If I cannot wear a bad shoe,
nobody else should wear a bad
shoe.” That, in a nutshell, is
the philosophy behind George
Shoe Ethiopia, O.K. Kaul, the
company’s General Manager
explains. Its Ethiopian operation
began producing comfortable,
quality footwear for export in
June 2014, although the group’s
origins date back to 1979, when
its factory opened in Taiwan.
George Shoe invested close to
€8 million to set up its first
two factories in Addis Ababa’s
Bole Lemi Industrial Zone,
which make 3,000 pairs of
shoes a day for export to China,
Japan, and the United States.
The firm posted revenues of
€3.3 million in 2015 and, last
August, announced plans to
set up a new industrial park
on 86 hectares in Mojo to
expand capacity.
Slated for completion by 2018,
the new factories are expected
to cost more than €100 million.
They will enable George Shoe
to ramp up production and
process 450,000 square metres
of leather to make 750,000 pairs
of shoes every month as well as
other leather articles, providing
work for 20,000 people.
“We have to expand to face
international competition when
the financial sector opens,” Zeleke,
who is also the Director of ECX,
explains. “Our merger... was a good
example for the private sector. By
2025, [we] will be a world-class
commercial bank. We are working
on being one of the best banks in
the world, not just in Africa.”
In an interview earlier this year,
AddisuHabba,thePresidentofboth
the Ethiopian Bankers’ Association
and privately-owned Debub Global
Bank, agreed the Ethiopian finan-
cial sector still had a long way to go
to be internationally competitive,
insisting that increased capitalisa-
tion and consolidation would be
needed in the next few years.
Ethiopian Airlines carries cargo to over 90 destinations worldwide.Tem rehenimagnim rem verorpo rporem im fugiam sitiumque optatur ab inum que
FLOWERS LEADING THE WAY FOR HORTICULTURE EXPORTSMOBILISING BANKING
Ethiopia’s flower trade is
blooming. The nation now
ranks second in Africa after
Kenya, with over 100 farms
flourishing on 1,700 hectares of
land. While floriculture may be
the fastest growing segment, it is
far from the only crop Ethiopia
grows for export. Within five
In a perfect example of
how ICT brings the world
together, M-Birr, Ethiopia’s
first mobile money service, was
co-initiated by a Frenchman
in Ireland. Thierry Artaud is
the COO of MOSS ICT and
General Manager of its Ethiopian
operation, which provides the
years, according to the Ethiopian
Horticulture Producer Exporters
Association (EHPEA), the total area
under cultivation for flowers, plants,
fruit, herbs, and vegetables should
reach3,000hectares. EHPEAwasset
up in 2002 by five farms that joined
forces to lobby the government to
develop infrastructure and logistics
technology to connect the country’s
top five micro-finance institutions
— ADSCI, ASCI, DECSI,
OCSSCO, and OMO— to the 80%
of local people who are currently
unbanked, but, thanks to M-Birr,
can now manage many of their
financial needs via mobile phone.
“Obviously, the basic service is you
of its member companies to foster
industry partnerships, enhance
market access, promote responsi-
ble production, and build capacity:
“We have our own training team
that works with the management
of farms to earn quality certifica-
tions that the market requires,”
Messele says.
networks, improve access to finance,
and introduce export-oriented
incentives. Less than a decade and a
halflater,ithascloseto100members
that grow all kinds of produce
for export to overseas markets,
principally to the European Union.
Led by Chairman Zalelem
Messele, EHPEA works on behalf
can pay and get paid,” Artaud says.
“Youcantransferandreceivemoney
from anywhere in the country, and
very soon from abroad.” Users can
also pay for goods and services,
withdraw cash at TOTAL service
stations, and handle bills and loans,
he adds: “Mobile banking brings
tremendous benefits.”
Floriculture production has grown exponentially in recent years, mostly for European markets, and Ethiopia looks set to overtake Kenya as Africa’s top exporterInnovative mobile money service connects micro-finance leaders to consumers, allowing them to pay bills and receive cash even where banks do not go](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/75/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-14-2048.jpg)
![There’s gold in them thar hills
While the whereabouts of
King Solomon’s mines may
forever be a mystery, the Queen
of Sheba probably sourced her
fabled hoard of gold from northern
Ethiopia, if the 2012 discovery of
an ancient mineshaft on Gheralta
plateau did, indeed, belong to the
biblical ruler. Today, a modern gold
(and potash) rush is underway, with
foreign investment flooding in and
multinational mining firms staking
their claims over the last few years.
The government has done its
part to incentivise investment in
the sector, cutting royalties on gold
from 8% to 7%, reduced income tax
from 35% to 25%, introducing two
new types of licence, and launching
a computerised cadastre system to
register concessions, among other
measures.
Aside from gold and potash,
Ethiopia also possesses reserves
of copper, platinum and tantalum,
which is increasingly in demand
for use in transistors, as well as
minerals like cement, clay, gypsum,
salt, and shale.
According to a 2014 World Bank
report, the nation’s mining sector
could be worth between €1.3 and
€1.75 billion by 2024, although a
number of challenges still need to
be resolved for the country to fulfil
its potential.
At present, 90% of mining
activity remains artisanal and
small-scale, but by the end of
GTP2 in 2020, the country aims
to have five major gold mines in
operation and have commenced
commercial production of potash
from the massive 100-million-ton
Danakil deposit in Afar state. As
Tolesa Shagi, Ethiopia’s Minister
of Mines, Petroleum and Natural
Gas, confirms: “Ethiopia’s metals
and minerals are untapped and
unexplored. There are huge
resources we’re discovering now.”
For now, the only operating gold
mine in the country is Lega Dembi,
in southern Ethiopia’s Sidamo
province, which was bought by
Midroc Gold, a subsidiary of the
privately-owned Midroc Ethiopian
Investment Group, from the state
in 1997 for $172 million (€151
million, at current exchange rates).
Production began in 1998 and now
stands at 4,500 tonnes of silver
and gold a year. Midroc Gold also
started developing a second mine in
Sakaro,neartoLegaDembi,in2010.
In January 2012, National
Mining Corporation, also part of
the Midroc Group, announced the
biggest find yet of gold and base
metals in Ethiopia at Dawa Okote
in Oromia state, containing up to
500 tonnes. Ethiopia’s own Ezana
Mining Development launched
a €15.6 million refinery project in
northern Tigray state in 2013. And
at the beginning of 2016, US giant
Newmont Mining Corporation
revealed its interest in exploring in
thecountry,ontwoconcessionsalso
in Tigray state.
ButCyprus-basedKEFIMinerals
is betting on being next to extract
gold commercially, when its Tulu
Kapi project in Western Ethiopian
enters production in 2017. With
probable ore reserves in excess of
28 tonnes, Tulu Kapi is projected to
havealifetimeofnineyearsandwill
require investment of some €130
million. KEFI also intends to build
a processing plant with the capacity
to handle 1.2 million tonnes of
material a year.
The only rival that could beat
KEFI past the post is ASCOM
Precious Metals (APM), a
subsidiary of Egypt’s Qalaa
Holdings. Active in Ethiopia since
2008, APM holds the rights to two
concessions: Asosa, in the western
part of the country, and Awero
Godere, in the southwest. Qalaa
Abundant metal and mineral riches fuel exploration rush for homegrown and overseas miners
expects to invest more than €35
million by the time it applies for a
mining licence at Dish Mountain
in Asosa, after the release of a
promising maiden resource
statement in 2014 that revealed the
presence of 48 tonnes of gold.
Since then, says Omar El-
Alfy, Vice President of Qalaa
Holdings, APM has been hard
at work, drilling to de-risk the
project and producing feasibility,
environmental and social impact
studies to move to the production
phase: “Our exploration licence
expires in 2017 and we’re well on
track to apply for a mining licence
within that timeframe,” El-Alfy
explains, “We are extremely
determined about getting to
development and are looking
forward to growing this business.
This is just the first stepping
stone. Once we start producing, it
will grow very aggressively [and]
quickly.”
El-Alfy says that APM’s
investment in Ethiopia will likely
exceed €175 million, once it has
added the cost of a processing
facility to its pre-production
budget, but that its impact is not
justeconomic:“Thesocialbenefits
are ample,” he insists, “like the
jobs it’s going to create, [as well
as] improved education, improved
infrastructure that comes as the
industry develops.”
Lega Dembi gold mine.
Kenya
South
Sudan
Yemen
Rwanda
Burundi
ETHIOPIA
North
Sudan
KenyaKenyaKenya
Sudan
YemenYemenYemen
ETHIOPIA
North
Sudan
Djibouti
Ethiopian Electric Power
Tel: +251-11 558 05 29
azebasnake@gmail.com
www.eep.gov.et
EXPORTING CLEAN AND
GREEN ENERGY TO THE REGION
Proudly leading the renewable energy revolution in Ethiopia and East Africa, ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC
POWER (EEP) is seeking international partners to take advantage of the country’s hydro, wind,
geothermal and solar power opportunities.
Under the ambitious national transformation plan currently being undertaken, and the existence
of conducive governmental energy policy and a stable economic and political environment, EEP is
targeting international investment and financing for projects that will boost national and regional
energy capacity.
Blessed with wonderful natural resources that make it an ideal destination for investors seeking
profitable openings in green energies, Ethiopia boasts vast potential in areas such as hydroelectric,
biomass, solar, geothermal and wind energies, with detailed feasibility studies already concluded.
EEP desires international financial and human capital — from private and public sector entities — to
maximize these exciting openings that will further fuel the superior transformation of the country, add
capacity to the national grid and allow Ethiopia to expand its export of green and clean energy.
Last September, the inaugural
edition of the Ethiopia Inter-
national Mining Conference
Exhibition brought together 300
public- and private-sector stake-
holders in Addis Ababa. Tolesa
Shagi, the Minister of Mines, Pe-
troleum and Natural Gas was on
hand to talk about mining’s po-
tential impact on the country’s for-
tunes and the government’s support
for the industry.
Although gold generates almost
19% of Ethiopia’s export income,
mining still represents only a small
shareoftheeconomy.Butthatshould
change drastically over the next dec-
ade, as the sector is expected to ac-
EXTRACTING GREATER VALUE FROM ETHIOPIA’S MINING POTENTIAL
The rally in gold prices since the
beginning of 2016 has provided sig-
nificant cause for optimism in the
industry’s prospects. At the end of
April, two new companies joined
the fray, with Letto Mining and
Lozbez Mining signing deals with
the Ministry to dig for placer and
primarygoldandsilver.
count for 10% of GDP by 2025, thanks
to a comprehensive set of measures
introduced to stimulate capital in-
vestment: “We hope to increase em-
ployment, government revenue, and
foreign-currencyearnings,”Minister
Shagi says. “There will be a radical
rise [that] will contribute to our so-
cial and economic transformation.”
Ministry responsible for sector aims to bolster revenues, export earnings, and foreign exchange reserves, as rising gold prices attract new players](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/afd1ed71-7985-4455-807c-a40f73a32dcb-161124165653/75/Ethiopia_Newsweek-April-2016-16-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byNathalie Martin-Bea
Ethiopia_Newsweek April 2016
This document discusses Ethiopia's economic development and challenges. It notes that Ethiopia faces its worst drought in 50 years, putting over 10 million people at risk of famine and threatening its recent economic gains. However, it also discusses Ethiopia's achievements, including strong economic growth over the past decade, cutting poverty levels, and progress on development goals. The document argues that Ethiopia needs continued international support to consolidate its successes and transition its economy from agriculture to manufacturing and industry. It highlights Ethiopia's case to investors for trade and investment at the World Economic Forum, with the potential to achieve further progress and development.
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Ethiopia_Newsweek April 2016
- 1. RETHINKING ETHIOPIA In timesof economic uncertainty, nations tend to focus on domestic concerns and lose sight of issues of global importance. This March, Ethiopia’s Prime Minister, Hailemariam Desalegn, called on the world not to forget his country as it faces its worst drought in 50 years, which has put more than 10 million people at risk of famine and could erode the remarkable achievements Ethiopia has made in the last quarter of a century. Compared to many of its African peers, Ethiopia is a beacon of political stability,economicgrowth,andsocial advancement. In 2014, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) chose it as one of two nations on the continent, and just three worldwide, for its pilot ProgrammeforCountryPartnership, in recognition of its commitment to inclusive and sustainable growth. Under the leadership of Meles Zenawi and, since 2012, Prime MinisterDesalegn,Ethiopiahasbeen one of the world’s fastest growing economies over the past decade and secured significant human development gains. According to the World Bank, it boasts ‘strong, broad- based growth’, expanding by a mean annual 10.8% from 2004-2014, more than twice the regional average. Agricultureaccountsforthelion’s share of Ethiopia’s GDP and exports, and employs three in four locals. Now, in line with the government’s second Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP2), the sector will provide the means for Ethiopia to transition to a new, value-added economic model, based on building its agro- industrial and manufacturing sectors at home to maximise export earnings and boost investment from beyond its borders. Home to around 100 million, Ethiopia has slashed poverty levels from 39% in 2004 to be on target for 22.2% by the end of last year. It has also made major strides towards its Millennium Development Goals, reducing child mortality, rolling out primary education, doubling access to drinking water in just five years, and extending its Productive Safety Net Program to cover eight million vulnerable citizens. Today, Africa’s oldest independent nation and second most populous state needs the support of overseas institutions and investors, not just in terms of capital but also know- how and technology, to ensure it can consolidate those successes and continue to realise its goal to become a Climate-Resistent Green Economy tomorrow. Ethiopia wants to reach middle- income status by 2025 and will be in attendance at the World Economic Forum on Africa 2016 in Rwanda this week to make its case “By 2025, Ethiopia will be a middle-income economy with zero net growth in carbon emissions” HailemariamDesalegn,PrimeMinister PROJECT DIRECTION / EDITORIAL CONTENT: NATHALIE MARTIN-BEA · PHOTOGRAPHY: OSCAR SEGURA to the international community as a reliable partner for trade and investment, with the potential to achieve greater progress and development in the future. With the world’s help, one of Africa’s rising stars is changing perceptions, making progress, and fulfilling its potential, despite tough challenges 9 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, more than any other African nation 13 months in every year, according to Ethiopia’s Julian calendar 80 ethnic groups that make up the nation’s population 85 percentage of water supplied to the Nile River 200 dialects spoken throughout the country 597 estimated GDP per capita, in US$, in 2015 (IMF) 2,400 elevation ofAddis Ababa,inmetresabovesealevel 1,104,300 size of Ethiopia’s territory, in square kilometres 3,200,000 approximate age of the oldest human fossil, found in Ethiopia $1.4 billion the amount the UN says Ethiopia will need in aid in 2016 ETHIOPIA IN FIGURES
- 2. Dr Arkebe Okubay,Special Advisor to the Prime Minister “We have made substantial progress. When we started GTP1, FDI was close to $1 billion annually. In 2014, FDI inflows reached $1.6 billion.” Under the Growth Transformation Plan (GTP) the development of Industrial Parks is one of the pillars; Can you expand on this topic? We developed a 10 years program in line with Vision 2025. In 10 years we want Ethiopia to be the manufacturing hub in Africa and we want to lead in light manufacturing as it fulfills our needs. It’s labor intensive and jobs are critical with our growing population, its export oriented and it makes us address the constraints in foreign exchange. Our target is an annual 25% growth for the manufacturing sector. In 10 years manufacturing will grow four fold and its share of exports will go from 10% - 20% today to close to 50%. This is the most challenging program because we need to create 2 million manufacturing jobs in 10 years. Every year we have to create 200,000 jobs. To understand the significance of this figure; today the existing workforce in the manufacturing sector in large and medium size companies is roughly 350,000. This is the only way to achieve structural transformation. During GTP I we have made some substantial progress. When we started GTP I FDI was close to $1 billion annually. In 2014, FDI inflow reached $1.6 billion. We desperately need FDI for many reasons. It is the best way for our businesses to learn how to market and compete in the global economy. We have to operate as part of the global value chain. Secondly we have to develop technical and technological skills and our people can only learn these skills if they are working. And finally we need management skills. Everything boils down to management skills. These will improve quality and productivity and the spillover effect will be tremendous. In order for this to happen we have to focus on manufacturing investment. Within the manufacturing sector, we have identified 10 key sectors to develop. To give you an idea of the level of detail one of the subsectors is light manufacturing and it includes textiles and apparel, laser products, agro industries, food processing and beverages etc. We have also identified a category called strategic that encompasses sectors that will be key after vision 2025. Not a priority right now but were we need to lay the foundation. These include biotechnology, pharmaceutical and ICT particularly linked to advanced manufacturing. For every subsector we analyze strong countries in the sector and we look at the top corporations. We call them anchors and we try to attract them to Ethiopia. Once you attract these strategic corporations other companies will follow. Our previous experience in industrial parks wasn’t positive. In GTP I we developed only one park that took us a long time to build; Bole Ilemi, and it didn’t produce the expected outcome. We didn’t have a comprehensive strategy or a clear understanding on how to do it. In 2014, the PM assigned me to make a study on industrial parks. We studied certain country models to understand success and failure. In Africa, we selected Nigeria who has been building industrial parks since the late ‘80s but still hasn’t achieved the expected results. This is due to its lack of power. As a positive example we looked at Mauritius that has implemented successful Export Processing Zones since the 70’s. In Asia we studied Vietnam, China, South Korea and Singapore. We looked at their experience and how they engage the private sector as developers. The Ethiopian Investment Agency has to play a pivotal role in this process. We have restructured and empowered the agency and made it directly accountable to the office of the Prime Minister. Our industrial parks play a key role providing the required capacity. About a dozen anchors will be hosted at Hawassa Industrial Park, our first pilot and specializing only in apparel and textiles, which will be fully operational between March and June of this year. We have to ensure that the industrial parks provide the best business environment and serve as one-stop service facilitating customs clearance, provision of license and certificates and visas. We believe in clustering the industrial parks as proximity benefits one another and mitigates the environmental impact. Can you tell us a little bit more about Hawassa Industrial Park? Hawassa Industrial Park specializes only in apparel and textiles. It comprises 300,000 square meters of factory buildings, a business district inside the park with office buildings, restaurants and shopping mall. We have also created residential quarters for 1,000 expatriates. When this park is completed it will generate 60,000 jobs and 1 billion in foreign exchange earnings. The anchors that will join Hawassa are global players; PVH, for example, from the US which is one of the top three players in the apparel and textile industry. Last November 25 – During the celebration of the Africa Industrialization Day – you said Ethiopia was looking to attract more Chinese investors for the manufacturing sector. How do you promote the industrial parks in the Chinese market? China’s economy is now restructuring. That’s why it’s slowed down. As we all know China is the world’s manufacturing powerhouse accounting for 40% - 50% of global manufactured products. Now labor costs are increasing in China. China employs 80 million people in labor-intensive industries. In five years period if adjustments are not implemented, most of them will go bankrupt. Some of them will have to upgrade their technology to make it more capital intensive but many of them will have to relocate to Asia (Cambodia and Vietnam) or Sub African countries. We have been closely working with Chinese authorities to create conditions to attract more Chinese investment. The Ethiopian Investment Commission will have a department with Chinese speaking staff.OurwebsitewillhaveaChineseoptionandwewillopenabranchof Ethiopian Investment Commission in Beijing, Guangzhou or Shanghai. What about the Japanese market? To the Japanese farmers we have offered to build an exclusive industrial park that meets the Japanese farm standards and requirement, which are different. We would finance it and use Japanese designers. We will also hire Japanese companies to operate the industrial park so that it becomes easier for the Japanese operators. It’s to that extent that they need a specific environment. Any other specific hub worth mentioning? We have plans to build one of the largest pharmaceutical hubs at Bishoftu (20-25km from Addis Ababa). We want to attract leading pharmaceutical companies especially from Germany. Bio for example is going to invest in biotechnology (seed development) and perhaps they will expand to pharmaceuticals. We will continue to work with Roche. Also JSK from the UK is interested and we hope Bill Gates through his foundation can assist us bringing the US pharmaceutical industry here. Industrial parks reduce significantly the time to be fully operational for an investor. Can you share some success stories from Ethiopia? The best examples are Huajian and Shin Textile. Huajian is very well known, as it was fully operational in less than 90 days. They used Eastern Industrial Park and for them it turned out to be a matter of plug and play. In those 90 days they recruited and trained staff and installed machinery. They have a factory in China where they took the Ethiopian staff to be trained. All in only 90 days. Shin Textile is a South Korean company. It’s at Bole Ilemi 1. They got the facility in October and were exporting to Germany in January. They recruited and trained 950 workers. They produce high performance cycling clothing lines. And again they were able to put to market this high quality product in 90 days. Apart from Hawassa what other parks are in the pipeline? The second park will be Dire Dawa. We expect this park will be ready before September 2016. We have estimated a construction time of nine months. Third park will be in Adama, fourth in Kombolcha and fifth in Mek’ele. We plan to start construction at the end of February. After this Jimma and Bahir Dar with construction expected to start by April/May. These should be completed by December 2016. $750 million from the Eurobond sold last year are being used to finance all the parks. In Addis, we’re planning to have an industrial park financed by World Bank loans. It’s called Bole Ilemi 2 and hopefully will be ready by 2017. We have to follow the procedures jointly agreed with The World Bank. InKilintowe’reconsideringofusingtheparkformainlypharmaceutical and also for advance manufacturing including the aviation sector using the leverage of Ethiopian Airlines with manufacturers. Since there are parks are located outside of Addis Ababa can you expand on the infrastructure in place? We now have a railway transportation system in place. It currently takes around 10 hours by train for goods to reach from Djibouti to Addis. Goods don’t need to be inspected by customs and they just move directly to the industrial park where they are inspected. If they are destined for export they are sent directly to the port, as there is no tax applied and no reason for customs to be involved. There are companies at parks outside of Djibouti (i.e. Hawassa). These companies will have a subsidized rate and they will pay the same as if the goods were leaving/arriving to Addis Ababa.
- 3. Invest in Ethiopia ETHIOPIA ONA DOUBLE DIGIT GROWTH FOR OVER A DECADE NOW… Attractive Domestic Market & Access to Global Markets • Growing domestic market: close to 100M population with an annual growth rate of 2.3% • Preferential trade privileges: AGOA for exports to USA, EBA to Europe, and COMESA to other African countries Supportive Policies & Incentives for the Manufacturing Sector • Income tax exemption up to 8 years • Import duty exemption on capital goods, construction materials and raw materials • No export tax on processed/ manufactured goods Massive Investment on Infrastructure & Skills Development • One of the lowest electricity rates in the world • Trainable workforce with competitive wage • World class industrial parks along economic corridors • Competitive logistics (10hrs to Djibouti port) VISION 2025: BECOMING THE MANUFACTRING HUB OF AFRICA! www.investethiopia.gov.et Fitsum Arega, Commissioner of Ethiopian Investment Commission UndertheCompetitiveIndustriesandInnovationProgram,theEthiopian investment agency has been revamped in 2015 to become the Ethiopian Investment Commission. Can you highlight what this institutional restructuration means and the main changes? The main changes are to enable the commission to address investment challenges investors may face during any stages of investing in Ethiopia more promptly than before. Whenever there were challenges in the past, it would take longer to solve, but now due to the restructuring the commission is made directly accountable to the Prime Minister and now Ethiopian Investment Board is chaired by the Prime Minister. This has already started to show very positive results as a result of his interventions. The other key purpose of the restructuring is to accommodate new mandates to the Commission, Industrial Parks Promotion and Regulation, Policy Research and Improving Investment Climate are among the main new mandate. It is also helping investment promotion in the country as the restructuring is making the commission more visible to investors and hopping to get better attention. When investors observe the restructuring, they can easily understand the attention given to the commission and there is correlated effect on investment promotion. Your Prime Minister recently stated, “We will leave no stone unturned to make this country a suitable destination for foreign investment”. What measures are being taken to attract FDI to industry, especially in light manufacturing? Our Honorable Prime Minister is right! The world history teaches us that no country in the world grew without sizable FDI participation. High income countries like US are still in need of quality FDI to sustain its leadership as high income economy, let alone countries like Ethiopia that is just taking off. To attract quality FDI we have taken some serious measures: Firstly, we have made clear our vision of becoming the leading light manufacturing hub in Africa by 2025. Secondly, we’ve identified manufacturing and agricultureasprioritysectors.Frommanufacturingwefocusonattracting Textile and Leather products manufacturing including Apparel, Footwear mainly for export. As import substitution we focus on attracting Chemical Products, Steel and Pharmaceutical investments. As strategic investment we also attract investments in electricity generation, biotechnology and ICT. In agriculture, we focus to attract horticulture including flower, cotton farm, winery and mechanized farming. After making clear our 5-10 years plan and identifying our investment sectorsthatwehavecompetitiveadvantagewearenowbuildingIndustrial Parks that have special incentive packages for companies that will operate in the parks. The incentives include importation of all capital goods, spare parts, and construction material free from all customs duties and will enjoy up to 10 years of corporate income tax exemptions. Exporting companies are also exempted from all export taxes including VAT whenever they export and when they import their inputs. The companies inside Industrial Parks also enjoy 24/7 electric power, water, telecom, security and fire protection services to mention some and access main government services they may need such as customs clearance for their operation as part of One Stop Shop coordinated by Ethiopian Investment Commission. Ethiopia’s aim is to attract anchor investors and buyers who influence their suppliers who are manufacturers. They want the suppliers to be competitive so that they continue supplying for them and they advise them to relocate in more competitive destination such as Ethiopia. As we speak Ethiopia offers to mention some the cheapest electricity in the world, very competitive labor force with high productivity, friendly people and naturally conditioned weather to live and work. We are planning to create 2 million manufacturing jobs in the next 10 years. In the last 10 years, around 35 to 40 million people joined the labor force, so if we don’t continue creating jobs, it will be difficult. Therefore, we have both push and pull factors when we promote FDI. One of our competitive attribute is a low-cost and young workforce, which is the driver for labor- intensive industries. In other countries companies are struggling because of labor costs, especially in the garment industry. It comprises between 60-70% of their cost. They benefit a lot if they expand or relocate their production facilities to Ethiopia. How can Ethiopia link the FDI to the local and domestic firms to ensure that knowhow is transferred? Linking FDI to domestic industry is very important to sustain growth and employment. FDI that gets attracted due to competitive labor leaves the country when the cost increases unless it restructures its investment into a capital intensive industry. Local companies are the ones that rescue during such challenges. Therefore, transferring knowhow and technology is as important as attracting FDI. In our case Ministry of Science and Technology is working to ensure knowhow and technology transfer. The local textile companies that are struggling to survive could be upgraded to supply export market. Big buyers can do that. They have the skills and the market. They have started doing and if they expand such programs many local textile and leather garment manufacturing companies can grow very fast. We highly welcome such global sourcing companies (buyers) to collaborate with our local manufactures and help them to restructure and be certified to meet their requirements and source from them. Both the buyer and the supplier benefit a great deal. Do you think in the future that Ethiopia should make it mandatory that a certain local content is present in some of the projects? “We have already signed agreements with more than 10 anchor companies. The annual export target of these companies is over $1 billion.”
- 4. Our experience tellsus that mandatory partnership doesn’t work as most end up becoming sleeping partners. We encourage local companies to partner, but like voluntary marriage it is up to them to chose their mach and decide on the ownership percentage. Mandatory local-FDI partnership guarantees neither knowhow transfer nor sustainability. There has been some FDI in Africa with such arrangements for more than 50 years, but never materialized the benefits that were expected. Can you tell us about some of the key agreements that have been signed with private investors or bilateral agreements with other countries in 2015 and if you can give us an idea about what you can expect for 2016? We have already signed agreements with more than 10 anchor companies. The annual export target of these companies is more than US$ 1 billion dollars. The issue is still confidential and will be announced when they start production around end of the 4th quarter of 2016. The companies that are investing in Textile and Apparel in one of the best Eco-Industrial Park in Africa are leading companies from US, India, China, Hong Kong (China), Indonesia and Sri Lanka. In meat processing investment we have also signed with Alana (the biggest Indian meat processing company) and another USA-Dutch JV. Alana is investing 50 million dollars in their first phase and the other company is doing half of that. This growing meat processing investment in Ethiopia is encouraging but it is a drop in the ocean in a country that has the biggest livestock population in Africa and the 7th biggest in the world. Footwear is also growing very fast as it has the backbone, the leather. George shoes, Taiwanese (China) company is investing in its own Industrial Park. It is investing more than US$100 million in 2 tanneries and24factories;50%ofitisalreadycompleted.Productionmaycommence by June 2016. Some of the factories are built to attract footwear accessories’ manufacturers that will complement its main product, the footwear. It is creating its own cluster. FDI companies are warmly welcome to create their dream world with very attractive incentive packages here in the world’s fastest growing country, Ethiopia. Let’s talk about the incentives you offer investors. Incentives are additional elements, which encourage companies to consider expanding. Companies make investment decisions based on general investment environment such as peace and stability, macro- stability, labor cost competitiveness and productivity, power availability and competitiveness to mention some. The specific incentives Ethiopia offers are outlined above. Briefly it includes importing machinery, construction materials, spare parts, inputs (for exportable outputs only) duty free. There are tax breaks up to 10 years in strategic sectors like textile and leather garments. The minimum tax break is 6 years. If they are exporting 60% or more they will get additional 2 years. If they are located inside an industrial park and exporting 80% or more they get an additional 2 years, which is 10 years in total. If investors chose to be industrial park developers which we highly encourage then they can enjoy up to 15 years tax breaks. I have never heard of another country offering 15 years tax breaks. There are also training opportunities carried out by different government institutions that support all investors be it FDI or local on cost sharing arrangement. We always say that countries like companies compete to attract FDI. What would you say to investors to encourage them to come to Ethiopia? All investors will start to consider Africa and within Africa, we believe that Ethiopia stands out. We have one of the lowest labor costs. In some African nations, due to oil and tourism, labor cost is rising. We have made it clear that we want to attract light manufacturing and labor- intensive industries because that is where we are competitive. In the next 10 years we want to become the biggest light-manufacturing hub in Africa. Our large workforce is a strategic asset. The school population in Ethiopia is around 30 million, nearly the whole population of Sudan. We also offer great opportunities for electric power generation investment: hydro, geothermal and wind are all abundantly available. We have a highly stable economic and political environment based on democratically elected government that has enabled the country to enjoy predictable laws and has ensured policy continuity. Peace and stability that we enjoy are the results of people’s participation in the peace building and overall economic development process and also the hope they have on the country in the making. The people believe that the system is benefitting them as the country is not only growing but also realizing real development with trickling effect to the people in social infrastructure and jobs to mention some. We have clearly indicated a strong industrial policy to enable transformation and to achieve middle-income status by 2025. We communicate internally and to the rest of the world. We are transparent on that. We have already developed clear strategy and we have tested our strategy in the past and made us to become one of the fastest growing countriesintheworldfor12yearsinarowwithbroadbaseddevelopment. Still we are keen to learn from other countries’ experiences. We are extremely cautious to environment and socially responsible in every investment we allow be it FDI or local, we care for our people and strive for quality. We believe that is the basis for sustainable investment in Ethiopia that will transform the country and the people for good. Welcome onboard to invest in the fastest growing country in the world, Ethiopia that is pleasantly surprising those already made their destination in the last remaining investment continent. The key objective of Ethiopian Railways Corporation (ERC) is to develop an integrated and high- capacity transport system to ensure competitive and affordable transport in the country. ERC is developing eight railway corridors, including study, design, and subsequent implementation, with a total estimated length, including buffers, of some 5,060km. In 2016, the corridor linking Addis Ababa to Port of Djibouti will open, serving both the social and economic needs of Ethiopia. www.erc.gov.et PHASE 1 PHASE 2 Connecting ETHIOPIAN RAILWAYS CORPORATION
- 5. Working for abrighter, better future In 2013, the Ethiopian Electric PowerCorporationwasdemerged into two new companies, as part of the country’s efforts to ramp up its electricity generation capacity and distribution networks. Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) was made responsibleforthedeliveryofpower projects,aswellastheextensionand operationofthenationalgrid.Forits part, the Ethiopian Electric Utility (EEU) now looks after distribution and customer relations as the power retailer. EEP sells power in bulk to EEU and also handles export activities. Under Ethiopia’s original five- year Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP1), launched in 2010 by former Prime Minister Meles Zenawi, EEP shoulders most of the tasks required to meet the targets set by GTP1: increasing generating capacity from 2,000MW to 8,000 MW, doubling the number of peoplewhohaveaccesstoelectricity, and expanding power coverage to 75% of the country. The balance of the first four years of GTP1 in the sector was electrifying, pun intended. EEP managedmassivepublicinvestment in infrastructure megaprojects, which are now starting to pay off and provide a huge boost of power into the grid. Meanwhile, new transmission lines have been rolled out nationwide and, by mid-2014, coverage had increased by 25%. Since its inception, EEP has been led by Azeb Asnake who previously served as project manager at the massive Gibe III Hydroelectric Project. Overcoming years of delays, undertheleadershipofAsnake,EEP finally brought the 797-foot-high, €1.65-billion dam on the Omo river on-stream last October, increasing Ethiopia’s electricity generation capacity by 234% in a flood. The third hydropower plant along the river, Gibe III is already one of the largest in Africa, but will be dwarfed by the fittingly named Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). GERD is set to cost €4.6 billion and slated to generate 6,000MW, more than enough to make it the daddy of Africa’s hydropower plants once it starts producing power in the future. In line with Ethiopia’s second Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP2), the national blueprint for development until 2020, EEP is settingitssightsevenhigher,Asnake explains: “Our target is to reach 17,000MW,” she says. “So, we still have 13,000 MW to be constructed duringGTP2[and]morethan10,000 kilometres of transmission and distribution networks to [add]. This looksanambitiousplan,butwehave tostriveforthatgoal.” In the middle of last year, Asnake revealed EEP already had hydro and other renewable power projects in the pipeline that could add another 12,000MW to the grid by 2020. Harnessing the potential of Ethiopia’s rich water resources to provide a clean, sustainable energy source for decades, experts believe Ethiopian Electric Power is harnessing hydro potential and extending the national grid in the drive to electrify the country’s development “Ethiopia wants to become the energy export hub for Africa” Engineer Azeb Asnake, CEO, Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) the nation could provide as much as45,000MWtofuelrisingdemand. Asnake is Chairperson of the Eastern Africa Power Pool (EAPP), grouping together nine nations that depend on one another to share vital resources that hold the key to regional development. Ethiopia already exports power to Djibouti, Kenya, and Sudan, and has signed MoUs to extend its reach to Rwanda, South Sudan, and Tanzania, as well as Yemen. “Ethiopia wants to become the energy export hub for Africa,” EEP’s CEO explains. “Energy is the means to create integration. We invite investors to participate. There are very attractive tax holidays and other incentives offered by the government to bring in investors to the country. There is a big demand forpartnershipsasthereisalottobe done and many projects planned in GTP2 and beyond.” From grass roots to green shoots Ethiopia has come a long way in a generation. The nation has staged a spectacular transformation to become an African leader in inclusive development, registering massive social and economic gains since the 1990s. Having posted in excess of double-digit GDP growth for the last decade, Ethiopia had the world’s second fastest- expanding economy in 2015. The International Monetary Fund expects it to maintain a similar pace in 2016. Although infrastructure may have played critical role, says Dr Arkebe Oqubay, a Special Advisor to the Prime Minister, the foundations of its success lie in agriculture. The sector provides 40% of GDP, 80% of exports, and jobs for three-quarters of the population. Dr Oqubay’s role is to ensure Ethiopia’s progress remains sustainable, by transitioning to a manufacturing- based economic model that adds value to exports. The task may be formidable, but Ethiopia’s ambitions are no less so, Dr Oqubay explains: “In ten years, we want Ethiopia to be the manufacturing hub of Africa and number one in light manufacturing. Every year, the population is increasing by 2.3 million, so job creation is critical. Light manufacturing is labour- intensive, export-oriented, and uses agricultural inputs.” To reach its 11% annual GDP growth target over the next ten years, the government’s goal for manufacturing is 25% year-on- year expansion. From an existing 5% share of GDP, Dr Oqubay says, the sector should grow fourfold and exports increase by 30% per annum. This will create 200,000 jobs a year, an annual jump of 50%. “This is [a] challenging programme,” Dr Oqubay admits, “but the only way we can sustain growth, make a structural transformation, [and] pull all the economy forward. Agriculture is essential and inseparable from Ethiopia’s industrialisation and economic transformation.” The government has identified ten sectors to drive investment, including agro-industries, import- substitutionmaterials,andtextiles, as well as innovative segments, such as biotechnology, ICT, and pharmaceuticals. And it plans to build a network of industrial parks nationwide to serve as focal points for capital investment, joint-venture partnerships, and technology transfer. Agriculture sows the seeds for manufacturing to flourish in future ETHIOPIANINVESTMENT COMMISSION Sinceitsinceptionin2015,theEthio- pian Investment Commission (EIC) has already signed more than 10 MoUs with private-sector players that could generate exports worth over a billion dollars a year (€886 million). The EIC offers investors a host of incentives, including tax holidays of up to ten years in strate- gic industries and no limitations on machineryandmaterialimports. “Our aim is to attract anchor investors and leading manufac- turers,” Fitsum Arega, the EIC’s Director General reveals. “Major buyers provide market access and supportmanufacturers.[Wehave]a competitive, trainable, young work- force, which is the driver for la- bour-intensive industries. In many emerging economies, like China and Turkey, manufacturers are struggling to cope with mounting labour costs. There are benefits for themtorelocatetoEthiopia.” While foreign investors are usu- ally most comfortable close to capi- tal cities, Ethiopia is taking a differ- ent approach, building industrial parksinruralareaswhereplentiful labour and quality infrastructure is available. This should produce a win-win outcome for local people andoverseaspartners:“Ethiopiahas political and macro-economic sta- bility and policy continuity, which is important for investors,” Arega insists. Some companies are choosing Ethiopia as their preferred location for manufacturing: • H&M has been working with local partners since 2013 • Heineken opened a €310 million brewery in January 2015 • PVH is currently developing a socially-responsible factory in Hawassa, slated to open in summer 2017. Key MoU's “It is the only way to sustain growth, make structural transformations, [and] pull the economy forward” DrArkebeOqubay,Special Advisor to the Prime Minister An in-depth exploration of Africa’s industrialisation process by Dr Arkebe Oqubay, Special Advisor to the Prime Minister “MADE IN AFRICA”: HOW TO MAKE INDUSTRIES WORK IN ETHIOPIA Published by the Oxford University Press in 2015, ‘Made in Africa, Industrial Policy in Ethiopia’ is based on Dr Arkebe Oqubay’s doctoral thesis and provides a critical, and sometimes revealing, look into the thinking behind Ethiopia’s industrialisation plans. Rather than rely on market forces and competitive advantages, as the West has long insisted is the only way, Dr Oqubay advocates the benefits of government plan- ning, backed up by political will, as the optimum means for Af- rica, and Ethiopia, to drive eco- nomic growth. Dr Oqubay illustrates his ide- as through case studies of three industries – cement, cut flowers, and the leather sector – covering the spectrum of import-substi- tution, agro-processing, and export-oriented light manufac- turing comprehensively. The work is frank in identifying the causes of differing outcomes, offers insight into long-term solutions. It has been very well received, with former World Bank economist Justin Yifu Lin calling it “brilliant.” Face of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). Ethiopia is aiming to trans- form itself into a powerhouse for East Africa. The government has invested €5.25 billion over the last three years in its ener- gy-sector programme and, under GTP2, has earmarked another $20 billion (€17.5 billion) to bring hydroelectric mega-projects like GERD on-stream. The goal is not just to provide plentiful supplies of renewable energy to power Ethi- opia’s growth, but also contribute to regional development. “We have potential from hydro, from solar, from wind, from geo- thermal, and more,” says Motuma Mekassa, the Minister of Water, Irrigation and Electricity. “If we properly utilise [what] we have, it will serve neighbouring coun- tries. Now, we are connected PROVIDING MORE THAN JUST POWER TO EAST AFRICAN PEERS mits. As a result, the government is focused on fostering initiatives thatpromotetechnologytransfer, providing not just jobs but engen- dering expertise. Rather than relying on imports of finished goods, preference will be given to overseas investors who set up ventures to manufacture vital in- puts like solar panels and pumps in Ethiopia. with Sudan, Djibouti, and Kenya. Regional interconnection will not only benefit Ethiopia from export- ing electricity, it is also for the se- curity of those around us.” In the 2015-16 fiscal year, energy imports already earned Ethiopia €108 million, a figure that is only set to grow in coming years. But a lack of know-how on the local level remains a hurdle, the Minister ad- Export potential from massive electricity-generation projects will not just pay dividends for Ethiopia, but also contribute to regional stability
- 6. Harnessing the powerof the Nile As a feat of engineering, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is pretty damn (pun intended) impressive. Upon completion, GERD will become one of the biggest dams in Africa and will hold back a new lake that covers 1,800 square kilometres and contains 74 billion cubic metres of water. Once its twin hydropower plants come onstream, the dam will have6,000MWofinstalledcapacity, harnessingarenewable,sustainable energy source to produce up to 15,700GWh of power a year. Located in the Benishangul- Gumaz region, 700 kilometres northwest of Ethiopia’s capital, Addis Ababa, and about 14 km. fromtheborderwithSudan,GERD lies on the Blue Nile, one of the two major tributaries of the world’s longest river. The Nile flows from Lake Tana, in the Ethiopian Highlands, through Sudan and Egypt to the Mediterranean Sea, providing the lifeblood for agriculture, power, and drinking water to the nine states that form partoftheNileBasinInitiativeand share its waters. GERD involves not just the construction of the massive main dam – which will reach 175 metres at its highest point in the gorge, stretch for 1.8km across its crown, and require 10.2 million cubic metres of concrete to hold back the river – but also a 50-metre- tall, 5km-long saddle dam, which will hold a volume of 16 million cubic metres of rockfill, and two power stations, sited on either side of the river, driven by 16 375MW- turbines. The €4.6 billion project is being fast-track developed by Italy’s Salini Impregilo, a multinational construction giant that has been building dams across Africa for more than half a century, in additiontoahugeportfolioofother infrastructure projects worldwide. Construction began on GERD at the end of 2010 and is being carried out using roller-compacted concrete (RCC), enabling Salini Impregilo to work at a very impressive pace. By April 2016, the fifth anniver- sary of the signature of the agree- ment between Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan to develop GERD, 60% of the main dam had been completed. Ethiopian Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn took the opportunity to thank both countries for coming together to create a “win-win approach”, following a March 2015 coopera- tion deal he signed with Egypt’s President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi and Sudan’s Omar al-Bashir. Designed primarily to produce electricity, sufficient to export surplus to Ethiopia’s East African neighbours like Sudan and even Egypt, GERD will also help regulate the flow of the Nile to benefit agricultural production; conserve valuable water resources, thanks to reduced evaporation levels compared to the region’s existing reservoirs; and form a new 235-metre bridge across the Blue Nile. Africa’s biggest dam is set to benefit much more than Ethiopia When completed, GERD will have 6,000MW of capacity to serve Ethiopia and its neighbours www.salini-impregilo.com FUNDING THE NATION’S DEVELOPMENT Foroveracentury,thestate-owned Development Bank of Ethiopia (DBE) has provided long-term credittohelpthecountrygrow.Re- established in 2003, it is Ethiopia’s leading project financer and serves as a conduit for local and foreign capital to finance major private-sector projects. In the first half of the 2015/16 financial year, DBE sold bonds in GERD worth €21 million, a significant share of the€314millionbondssoldtodate. “Under GTP1, DBE supported the national development agenda,” confirms its President, Esayas Bahre. “Commercial banks tend to focus on short-term financing. DBE gives priority to projects that create employment, exports, and economic development.” This March, DBE announced it would increase its own capital from€206to€310millioneurosin 2016, via a new bond issue, and has set an ambitious target to extend €4.6 billion in loans during GTP2, for private-sector investment and SMEs in the agriculture, agro- processing, construction, energy, manufacturing, and mining sectors. Providing power for Ethiopia and for export Following the demerger of the Ethiopian Electric Light and Power Authority in December 2013, the Ethiopian Electric Utility (EEU) was given the task of distributing and selling electricity nationwide and, in time, to export excess energy to neighbouring nations. Within the framework of the government’s accelerated drive to expand capacity and extend networks, EEU’s reach and revenues look ready to grow at an electrifying pace in the next few years. Over the last decade and a half, Ethiopia has connected millions of its citizens to reliable power supplies, going from just eight percent coverage in 2001, prior to the launch of the Rural Electrification Programme in 2006, to more than 55% today. By 2020, under GTP2, the objective is to reach 90% penetration, no small challenge in a country where more than 80% of the population still lives in rural, and often remote, areas. “The government and espe- cially EEU is focusing on this on-grid and off-grid Universal Electricity Access Programme,” confirms the company’s CEO, Gosaye Mengistie Abayneh. “We are thinking of different renewa- ble or alternative energy sources. All of these technologies will be employed [and] we want to organ- ise local entrepreneurs who have expertise in the sector and small and micro-enterprises. We have almost 200 different contractors involved.” Although Ethiopia has already electrified 5,000 smaller towns and rural settlements, Abayneh admits there is still a lot of work to be done to achieve universal access and that is where overseas players can play a part: “There is lots of room for investors,” he insists, “especially for micro- grid and off-grid solutions and standalone generation options... like solar, wind, micro- and mini- hydro, biomass, or hybrids.” With annual demand for power growing at up to 25%, however, it still comfortably outstrips supply, EEU’s CEO, Gosaye Mengistie Abayneh, says. Until recently, Ethiopian households depended on dirty fuels like kerosene and wood for heat and light. But, thanks to rock-bottom retail prices – a unit of electricity in Ethiopia typically costs a little over half what it would in many of the region’s markets – these are fast being forgotten, in favour of a cleaner, cheaper means to cook a meal, read a book at night, and recharge a mobile phone, all without needing to start a fire. Individual consumers are not the only ones clamouring for connections, either. The number of power-hungry corporate users is growing fast and, with the government’s big plans to develop agro-processing and industrial parks, can only climb, Abayneh notes. And all of Ethiopia’s new hospitals and health centres, new schools and universities, and new transport networks will need ever larger loads of the extra capacity that will flow into the grid when the next generation of hydropower mega-projects comes on-stream before the end of the decade. At present, Ethiopia only possesses 2,300MW of installed capacity,86%ofwhichcomesfrom hydroelectric plants, but it has the potential to generate an additional “There is lots of room for investors” Gosaye Mengistie Abayneh, CEO, EEU Esayas Bahre, President, DBE 45,000MW from its rivers alone. Add to that 10,000MW from geothermal resources, which today provide just 6% of its overall energy mix, and almost limitless scope for the development of other renewable sources, like solar and wind which together account for 8% today, with sufficient investment it should easily reach its declared energy production goal of 37,000MW by 2037. In an interview this February with East African Business Week, Abayneh revealed EEU’s long- term ambition to tap into pan- African electricity networks and help carry Ethiopia’s electricity and influence across the continent. He explained that Ethiopia intends to leverage existing power links withitsimmediateneighbourslike Djibouti and Sudan to strengthen regional relations and, thanks to agreements like the infrastructure connectivity deal recently signed with Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda, serve a much bigger, and more lucrative, marketplace in the future. As demand for electricity grows exponentially at home and abroad, Ethiopian Electric Utility is giving power to the people and to businesses GERD is located in the Benishangul-Gumaz region, close to the border with Sudan. EEUlinemenworkonruralelectrificationunderthe Universal Electricity Access Programme.
- 7. What role doesthe Ethiopian Renaissance Dam play in creating cooperative relationships with your neighbors? The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) was launched in 2011 as one among the mega-projects of the Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP). The GTP which entered its second five year phase is aimed at transforming the economy from an agrarian base to an industry-led economy. The GERD and many other major railway, dam and massive infrastructure projects were meant to realize this transformative and ambitious goal. Coming to GERD, from the outset, the project was intended to supply high demand for power at home and export the balance to our neighbors. The project was also born out of the idea that economic integration will have a dividend in ensuring peace and security. It is also informed by the reality that despite the huge potential for intra-regional trade we are not trading with each other while being neighbors. The GERD is an important example of cooperation since it is based on Ethiopia’s comparative advantage in hydro-power generation- a testimony to our commitment that cooperation should be based on comparative advantages for a greater synergy. As far as the cooperation with Egypt and Sudan is concerned, successive dialogues over GERD are creating mutual understanding and trust on the importance of cooperation. In this respect Ethiopia has gone a long way to show its commitment to cooperation by proposing a trilateral experts committee to study the impact of the Dam. We are also working to elevate our ties through trade & investment and greater cooperation. We are on the right track. Dr. Tedros Adhanom, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ethiopia How are you industrializing the economy? Our industrialization policy gives greater emphasis on micro and small enterprises. The SME’s are considered as the driving engines for industrialization. Towards that end, the government is providing credit lines, training and such supports as creating market linkages. We are working also on technical and vocation schools dedicated to technology to enhance the strides we are making in SME’s. The policy envisages the gradual shift from small and medium enterprises in to medium and big industries. In that regard, the SME’S are creating millions of jobs in urban areas in particular. The emphasis on SME’s is based on its benefit in job creation, technology transfer and capital accumulation. Ethiopia also envisages rapid industarlization through industry and special economic zones. We are working on ten industry zones which are expected to create 250,000 jobs every year. Many of the big world’s economies are not part of UNIDO? How are you financing this industrialization? Apart from what UNIDO can carry out projects that compliment a country’s efforts, it is also the country’s responsibility to plan and finance projects based on its own priorities. In our case, we have increased domestic financing mainly by encouraging savings. Our savings have grown from 5% of our GDP to more than 20%. The growth in the export sector and concomitant rise in revenue is also playing a role in financing our priority areas. The flow of high FDI has also in bringing the much-needed capital to finance our projects. Your Development Partner SPECIALIZED IN PROJECT FINANCING Since 1909, when it was first established, The Bank has taken different names at different times even though its mission and business purposes remained the same, the development of the nation. Development Bank of Ethiopia www.dbe.com.et “The dam project is facilitating regional integration.” www.salini-impregilo.com Salini Impregilo has been active for more than 110 years. Today, we operate in more than 50 countries, across five continents, with more than 30,000 employees. At the end of 2015, turnover was approx. €4.7 billion with a backlog of more than €33 billion. TheGroupoperatesinallsectorsrequiringcomplexlarge-scaleinfrastructures,suchasrenewableenergy,water,transport and urban infrastructure, offering both design and construction services. We develop bespoke, innovative proposals for every project, analysing the client’s needs in depth and researching the most effective technological solutions. We collaborate with our designers, engineers and suppliers to prioritise environmental, social and health and safety issues throughout. Once a project is in motion, our collaborative approach continues, as we transform drawings into reality, engage with local stakeholders, and recruit, train and care for large workforces. Hydraulic engineering, including dams and hydroelectric plants, is a key strength of the Salini Impregilo Group. We are currently recognised by Engineering News Record (ENR) as world leader in the construction of infrastructure projects in the water segment, and act as a strategic partner for our clients, helping to develop projects from their inception. We have built some 257 dams and hydroelectric plants across five different continents, with an installed capacity of more than 37,500 MW of low-cost, clean energy. In this way, we contribute directly to the renewable energy transition and sustainable development in multiple countries. we build value
- 8. Turning vision intoreality Next year will mark a century since the first rail connection was completed between Addis Ababa and the port of Djibouti. The route represents Ethiopia’s most direct link to the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea for the country’s imports and exports, and a vital lifeline for humanitarian aid in light of the severest drought to hit the region in thirty years. Last November, ahead of sched- ule, the Ethiopian Railways Corpo- ration (ERC) opened the new, stand- ard-gauge line that stretches 800 kilometresfromtheEthiopiancapi- tal to the coast. Full electrification is expected early in 2016. The service carried 3,000 tonnes of grain per trip to the worst-hit areas of Ethio- pia, the first of many humanitarian convoys that will run until the rains come and crops recover. Ethiopia may be Africa’s second largest nation by population and have one of the continent’s fastest growing economies, but the spec- tre of failed harvests and famine remains a constant. Landlocked and bypassed of global trade for decades, the country saw its for- tunes decline along with its infra- structure. As Dr Getachew Betru, ERC’s CEO, notes: “Ethiopia be- came poor because it wasn’t con- nected.” In the National Rail Network of Ethiopia (NRNE) master- plan, ERC aims to roll out eight transnational rail corridors over the next few decades to revive regional connectivity and put Ethiopia at the heart of Africa’s freight and passenger transportation networks. The NRNE earmarked 5,060 kilometres of track for development, with the first 2,000 slated for completion during the five years of Ethiopia’s second Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP2). These will connect the country with North, Central, and South Sudan, open up the Lamu Ethiopian Railways Corporation is making new connections and moving the nation forward, by building more than infrastructure “Ethiopia became poor because its developmental areas were not connected Dr Getachew Betru, CEO, ERC ADDIS ABABA LRT: The greenest way to get around town Ethiopia’s Climate-Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) initiative seeks toensurethat,asthecountrystrives to reach middle-income status, development is not achieved at any price. Facing famine because of El Niño’s catastrophic consequences on the country’s harvests, the government is conscious of the threat climate change poses and plans to protect future generations againstrisks. Among the measures adopted is capping greenhouse-gas emissions before they rise to unsustainable levels. Ethiopia has committed to limiting its 2030 carbon emissions to present-day levels, producing just 150 million tonnes of CO2- equivalent a year over the next decade and a half to maintain zero net growth. The CRGE strategy is based on four pillars, including ‘leapfrogging to modern, energy- efficient technologies in transport, industrial sectors, and buildings.’ Addis Ababa LRT is a prime exampleofhowEthiopiaismaking that happen. It is powered by electricity generated domestically from mostly renewable sources, like hydropower, rather than relyingonimporteddieseltomake thetrainsrunontime. “By 2030, our railways will avoid the emissions of nine Mt CO2e every year,” Dr Getachew Betru, ERC’sCEO,hasdeclared.ERChas already registered Addis Ababa LRT as a Clean Development Mechanism project under the Kyoto Protocol, to earn carbon creditsinthefuture. Corridor to the mega-port planned in the South-East of Kenya, and even reach across Africa, “beyond Kigali to the Atlantic Ocean,” Dr Betru believes. As with the NRNE, ERC has focused on the bigger picture with the Addis Ababa Light Railway Transit (LRT) mass transportation system, designed to move people in and around the capital. Developed through a €435-million commer- cial loan on the foreign portion of the project from EXIM Bank of China, the first 17-kilometre phase was delivered last September, heading south from the city cen- tre. This was followed by a second, 17-kilometre line, that runs from east to west, in November. Completed on schedule in 2015, the LRT —the first electric light train in Africa— carries 60,000 passengers an hour in four directions. Its 39 stations have already become commercial hubs serving local areas: “The LRT has set a benchmark for any project,” Dr Betru insists. “We have applied bigger thinking. We don’t just build the railway, we’re impacting what is going to happen in the corridor.” www.eeu.gov.et Proudly leading the renewable energy revolution in Ethiopia and East Africa, Ethiopian ElEctric Utility (EEU) is seekinginternationalpartnerstotakeadvantageoftheprojects that will boost national and regional energy capacity. Blessed with wonderful natural resources that make it an ideal destination for investors seeking profitable openings in green energies, Ethiopia boasts vast potential in areas such as hydroelectric, biomass, solar, geothermal and wind energies, with detailed feasibility studies already concluded. EEU desires international financial and human capital — from private and public sector entities — to maximize these exciting openings that will further fuel the superior transformation of the country, add capacity to the national grid and allow Ethiopia to expand its electricity service to urban and rural citizens and beyond. Ethiopia’s Economic transformation Education HEaltH industry rural arEas infrastructurEs EnErgy urban dEvElopmEnt EmpowEring Working train set on completed section
- 9. “More than 85% ofthe country is covered by our network.” Andualem Admassie, Chief Executive Officer of Ethio Telecom In 2010, French telecommunications company, Orange, were awarded a management contract for 2 1/2 years. What did this mean for Ethio Telecom? Ethio Telecom is state-owned and is the only operator in the country. The company is as old as the telecom industry itself; over 120 years old. In 2006, the government realized that the telecommunications sector is an enabler of economic and social development and so they invested 1.5 Billion USD into telecoms expansion. This was the moment that the mobile network was also introduced. The Ethiopian Telecommunication Corporation was dissolved and Ethio Telecom was formed. In 2010, French Telecom, Orange were chosen to help us to transform the company by using their international experience to avoid “sitting and sleeping” like a public company might. Everything they did such as the marketing strategy and the products and services offered were carried out as if there was competition. This gave us a chance to grow the company and give customer satisfaction. We are a state-owned company, but we are not run as a state-company. How has the telecommunication market in Ethiopia evolved in the recent years? The Orange contract was a €30 million investment. The country was dividedintodifferenttelecomcircles,andnowwehavetwoorthreevendors working with us; Ericsson, ZTE and Huawei. This expansion gives us a total subscriber capacity of 80 million. Five or six years ago there were only around six million customers, and now this has risen to over 40 million. Our network is only two years old and so it’s all very new. What is Ethio Telecom’s penetration in mobiles, fixed lines and internet? We have a penetration of 45% for mobiles, 13% for internet and our fixed line penetration is 1%. According to the GSM intelligence report, Ethio Telecom is the second largest telecom operator in Africa and the 38th in the world out of 830 operators. What challenges are to be found in the rural areas? Internet access is one of the biggest interventions that this company has carried out. We have more than 60,000 villages in Ethiopia and unlike most other similar countries, all of them now have access to wireless. We are providing this at a very minimal cost. More than 85% of the country is covered by the network and our project has connected all the rural areas. However,weneedtointroducebroadbandandourgoalinGTPIIistobring two mega broadband to all villages. By increasing broadband penetration by 10%, research shows you can increase your GDP by 1.3%. What opportunities are there for foreign partners to work with Ethio Telecom? We already work with Huawei, ZTE and Ericsson. They not only sell their equipment here but they also provide maintenance support and provide knowledge transfer as well. Since we opened up the issue of value added services, many foreign companies are generating ideas and working with Ethio Telecom as it would be impossible for us to do this alone. However, we are not opening a second license or privatization, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t a lot of opportunities for our partners. How do you collaborate with universities and academies? Knowledge transfer and making this knowledge sustainable is vital for us. Our best engineers may leave Ethiopia at any time as engineers move around a lot. We are therefore collaborating with the universities and founding our own corporate university as well. We designed a master’s program in telecommunication engineering in collaboration with the Addis Ababa University of Science and Technology. We have almost completed the set-up of our corporate university which will consist of three schools; a technical school, a commercial school, and a leadership and management school. We will have our own R&D department based there. How would you like to see Ethio Telecom in the next five years? Iwouldlikeustohavea103millionsubscriberbase.Mystrategy is customer focused, so we plan to improve response times. Additional expansion projects will be implemented and we hope to be a world-class company and the best operator on the planet. After 70 years, we’re circling the globe more than ever. Ethiopian Airlines serves more African cities than any airline in the world. But that’s only half the story. We also serve more cities outside of Africa than any other carrier on the continent. Add to that our membership in Star Alliance — the world’s premier airline network — and Ethiopian Airlines clearly stands at the peak of the African aviation sector. Ethiopian Airlines 1946-2016
- 10. Ethiopia becomes thefirst place in Africa to hold the ICO’s annual meeting, underscoring the role the crop plays in the national economy Getting the (telephone) numbers right Planting the seeds for future growth Around 80 million Ethiopians live in rural areas and most rely on agriculture or livestock for their livelihoods and to feed their families. While some 95% of the country’s agricultural output is produced by smallholders, 80% is consumed by those responsible for cultivation and rearing, from planting to harvest and calf to beef, with just a fifth of the total finding its way to market. Atpresent,just5%ofagricultural and animal production comes from large commercial farms, although the balance is set to swing in coming years, thanks to the Agricultural Growth Plan (AGP). Since its introduction in 2010, in line with previous strategies to foster rural development and Ethiopia may have one of the lowest telecommunications penetration rates in the world, at about 45%, but massive gains have been made in connectivity under GTP1, according to the Minister of Communication and Information Technology, Dr Debretsion Gebremichael. Aided by input and investment from leading overseas telecoms and tech partners, the country registered a huge increase in user numbers, from just six million to more than 40 million, between 2010 and 2015. Now, in line with the objectives of GTP2: “The next combat poverty, AGP has focused on strengthening institutions, scaling up best practices, developing agro-industries, and putting in place small-scale infrastructure to manage irrigation and trade networks nationwide. According to Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tefera Deribew, under GTP1 from 2010-2015, Ethiopia’s crop production increased from 11.8 million tonnes to 27 million. This was achieved by such means as changing the way farmers plant teff – a native grain used to make injera, the flatbread which literally move is to reach 100% penetration in the next five years,” the Minister declares. “The government is pushing hard. We are investing in infrastructure, in urban as well as rural communities. Access is our number-one [priority], as it has a direct effect on economic growth. Ifthereisanincreaseinbroadband penetration of 10%, GDP will show growth of 1.3%. But for countries like us it could be even higher.” Ethiopia began to ring in the changes in 2006, when it committed$1.6billion(€1.4billion, at current exchange rates) to overhaul telecoms infrastructure and welcomed foreign partners into the marketplace for the first time. In December 2010, France Telecom was awarded a €30 million contract to modernise Ethio Telecom, the state-owned telecoms provider. Then, in mid- 2013, the government signed deals withChina’sHuaweiTechnologies and ZTE Corporation to develop Ethiopia’s mobile networks to 4G standards, backed by another agreement with Sweden’s Ericsson forms the base of Ethiopian cuisine – to reduce seeds used by 90% and increase yields by 40%. Other initiatives have involved analysing soils, introducing new fertilizers, distributing disease-resistant seeds, and improving breeds and feeds to enhance productivity in Africa’s leading livestock market. Now, GTP2 has ramped up the sector’s objectives to accelerate production to 40 million tonnes by 2020, transition towards high- er-value commodities, eliminate the food gap and protect against shortages, create a market system that benefits farmers and other at the end of 2014, which, together, should provide capacity for 80 million mobile subscribers. While the Ministry looks after communications and IT policy, Ethio Telecom is responsible for providing integrated telecoms solutions across the country, encompassing a comprehensive suite of pre- and postpaid voice, data, internet, international, and value-added services (VAS). These include ADSL, 3G, and, since March 2015, 4G internet connectivity for consumers, as State-owned operator Ethio Telecom invests €1.4 billion to reach 100% penetration by 2020 GTP2 aims to produce and process higher-value yield to develop agriculture “A lot of foreign companies are working with us in value-added services” AndualemAdmassie,CEO,EthioTelecom “We’ll develop four agro-industrial parks in the next five years” Tefera Deribew, Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources well as machine-to-machine (M2M) and VSAT applications for corporate users. Although the government has ruled out privatising Ethio Telecom and the possibility of a second license, there is still plenty of scope for overseas investors and partners to get involved in a sector with enormous growth potential, insists Andualem Admassie, Ethio Telecom’s CEO: “We opened up VAS,” he says, “so you’ll find a lot of foreign companies are working in that with us.” Ethiopia is the world’s fifth largest producer of coffee. Farmers now have access to real-time crop prices. THE LAND WHERE COFFEE CAME FROM WELCOMES THE INDUSTRY HOME This March, the Ethiopian gov- ernmenthostedtheInternation- al Coffee Organization’s (ICO) 4th World Coffee Conference, under the theme ‘Nurturing Coffee Culture andDiversity’.Morethan1,000dele- gatesfrom77ICOcountriestravelled to Addis Ababa to attend the event. AsthehomelandofArabica,theICO could not have chosen a more fitting location for Africa’s first-ever global meeting of the industry. In his remarks at the opening ceremony, Hussein Agraw, the President of the Ethiopia Coffee Exporters’ Association highlighted the importance coffee has to the country’s economy: “Over four million farmers make their living from the crop and more than 10 million people deal, directly or indirectly, with the sector in transporting, trading, processing, roasting, and exporting.” According to officials at the Ministry of Trade, Ethiopia is tar- geting a 45% hike in coffee exports this year, to reach around 260,000 tonnes. In 2014, the country posted exports of 184,000 tonnes, worth €685million.Thegovernmentisex- tending loans to exporters and pro- cessors, offering incentives to help farms expand and modernise, and enhancing marketing and promo- tion of Ethiopian coffee worldwide. economic actors, build capacity, and work towards broad-based, inclusive and sustainable agricul- tural development. The goal is to add value to agriculture at home to reduce dependency on imports and earn more from exports of processed products. “In this GTP period, one of the elements we introduced is to work along the value chain,” Minister Deribew explains, “so re-transformation can be achieved. We have identified 17 agro-indus- trial parks all over the country and we’ll develop four in the coming five years.” Since its launch in April 2008, the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX) has served as an open, trusted marketplace for the country’s agricultural sector. Its end-to-end system enables commodities to be traded, graded, and stored in an efficient, secure manner, ensuring payment and delivery are free from risk. Prior to the ECX’s inception, only about a third of Ethiopia’s agricultural production came to market. Growers had little ac- cess to price data, so only sold to buyers they knew to avoid default and fraud. Traders had to rely on visual inspections of pro- duce before purchasing, with no guarantee of quality or quantity. As a result, the costs of doing busi- ness spiralled, leading to higher prices for consumers. The ECX now uses mobile SMS messaging, social media, and since October 2015, a proprietary e-trading platform to allow actors involved to see how exactly the market functions, making it work for everybody’s benefit from the farm to the table. “Our participation in ECX is benefiting not only members of ETHIOPIA COMMODITY EXCHANGE HELPS TRANSPARENCY AND TRUST GROW has transformed traditional trading into a modern marketing system with technological advancement and transparency.” the union, but all smallholder farmers,” says Ato Yirdaw Alemu, theGeneralManageroftheWodera Farmers’ Cooperative Union. “ECX Africa’s pioneering end-to-end marketplace for agricultural produce is providing benefits for all, at every step of the value chain ErmiasEshetu,CEOofEthiopianCommodityExchangeshowstheelectronictagfortraceability.
- 11. Gerrit van Loo,Managing Director of Heineken Ethiopia “We want to grow with Ethiopia so that the country benefits from our success.” In January 2015 Heineken inaugurated the largest brewery in Ethiopia just outside of the capital. The company has been in the country for over 100 years. Why did you make this investment now? When the government privatized the breweries in 2011, we bought the Harar and Bedele breweries in the east and west of the country. We knew that if we wanted a sustainable national position, we needed to open a brewery in Addis Ababa. The new brewery was part of a €400 million investment in the country starting in 2011. Ethiopia is a huge country with enormous growth and a growing middle class. Although the beer consumption per capita is low, it is rising very quickly. Our Walia beer showed the potential of the industry and we decided to double the capacity in Addis Ababa. We knew that we would need to make a significant investment in order to bring the breweries we bought from the government up to internationally recognized standards and to ensure delivery of our sustainability targets. It was a huge task, but our three breweries are now completely up to international standards and we were able to double our business between 2014 and 2015. Heineken defines itself as a “Partner for Growth”; what does that mean? This means we want to grow with Ethiopia so that the country benefits from our success. We want to focus on developing our employees beyond the typical training. We want to strengthen a local supply chain of barley to reach greater import substitution. There is a need for glass factories, printing factories and canning factories to transform this industry into a local sustainable business. We hope our presence in Ethiopia will attract investors who will come to build this sustainable supply chain. Can you tell us about the CREATE project and its objectives? CREATEisaPublicPrivatePartnershipbetweentheDutchgovernment, the NGO EUCORD and ourselves. The project aims on one hand to provide us with the local raw materials we need to brew our beer and a sustainable and secure local supply chain and on the other hand to improve the livelihoods of local farmers by increasing their incomes. We want to get 20,000 Ethiopian farmers involved in this project by 2017 and we currently have 10,200. Concretely, it is about providing farmers with better seeds and train them on how to grow barley in a more productive way to increase their yields. We then buy the barley from the contracted farmers. Unlike most African countries, Ethiopia already has barley crops which is a great advantage. We are positively impacting communities for the better, and planting the seeds of sustainability. We also need to attract malting companies to come to the country because there isn’t enough malting capacity in Ethiopia. Technology transfer and capability building are paramount for Ethiopia under Vision 2025. How is Heineken contributing to this? Our state-of-the-art brewery in Addis requires a highly capable workforce and so we have a graduate program in connection with the local universities. Our goal is that Ethiopians will run the local Heineken business themselves in the future. Indeed, even today there are only 10 expat employees out of a workforce of over one thousand. We want to mentor people so that they obtain multinational management potential. We are working with the Agricultural Transformation Agency (ATA) and local research institutes on R&D. Our ambition is to grow with Ethiopia in a sustainable and inclusive way. What are the main challenges for investors in Ethiopia? The first challenge is the availability of foreign exchange to secure supply. Relatively high stocks are needed as Ethiopia is a landlocked country, and for that reason we are looking at import substitutions. The government is working hard on improving the ease of doing business and are truly keen to help investors, although there is still a lot of red tape. Ethiopia is booming and more importantly, it is a country where you can really see the impact of your investment which is extremely rewarding and meaningful. I am A. Kabato Bentu Barley Farmer Beriti Ethiopia We have learnt that Africa can help us. GROWING TOGETHER. HEINEKEN has had a close relationship with Africa for more than one hundred years. In this time, we’ve learnt the importance of partnering for growth. To this end, we are committed to sourcing 60% of our agricultural raw materials from farmers in Africa by 2020. Today, collaborative projects are flourishing in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Nigeria, Sierra-Leone, Egypt, Rwanda, Burundi, South Africa and Ethiopia. We launched our barley project in Ethiopia in 2013 together with the Dutch Government, our NGO partner Eucord, Ethiopia’s Agricultural Transformation Agency (ATA) and the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR). An extensive programme has been put in place: from testing, then selecting the most appropriate barley varieties for the Ethiopian soil and climate to training smallholder barley farmers. Today, improved seeds are already being used to deliver better quality barley, higher yields and increased household income. So far more than 6,000 farmers have already reaped the benefits of our project; and there will be 20,000 in 2017. This successful collaboration between community and our company is also beneficial for us. It is helping to create a sustainable source of raw materials, a shorter supply chain, a reduction in transport and importation costs and a lower carbon footprint. We truly are growing together. Many people still believe that Africa needs help. We have learnt that Africa can help us.
- 12. Agro-alchemy turns greeninto gold In October 2016, Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn will welcome public- and private- sector delegates from around the world to the first International Agro-Industry Investment Forum in Addis Ababa. Organised by the government and UNIDO, the event aims to highlight Ethiopia’s investment climate, showcase opportunities in sectors like food processing, leather products, pharmaceuticals, and textiles, and promote investment in light manufacturing. At present, the vast majority of Ethiopia’s production is not transformed prior to export, meaning that value is added, and benefited from, elsewhere. But the government’s goal under GTP2 is to transform the country’s role from merely cultivating crops and raising cattle to producing finished and semi-finished manufactured goods using homegrown inputs, to retain a bigger share of the fruits of its labour: “The commercialisation of the agriculture sector will be linked to agro-processing industries,” insists Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tefera Deribew. Agricultural produce, cut flowers, and livestock accounted foralmost80%ofEthiopia’sexports in 2015, worth €2.36 billion. Coffee, tea, and spices led the way (29.7%), followed by fruit and vegetables (18.4%), oil seeds (16.7%), flowers and plants (8.1%), and live animals (5.9%). In fact, of the country’s top-ten export segments, only one – gems and precious metals – was not sourced from the agricultural and animal-rearing sectors, with processed by-products like meat, leather hides, garments, and footwear making up the rest of the list. Ethiopia now plans to build four agro-industrial parks at a cost of Creating impact investment Although Ethiopians may drink less beer, per head than some of their thirstier African peers – the country downed an estimated 7.5 litres per capita in 2014, compared to South Africa’s 58 litres and Namibia’s 104 litres. Which shows consumption has been rising for a decade. Little wonder then, that the Dutch brewing giant, Heineken, has stepped up to the bar and invested millions into the local economy to serve the growing demand for a cold one. “Why Ethiopia?” smiles Gerrit van Loo, Heineken Ethiopia’s Managing Director. “It’s a huge country, a fast- growing economy, consumption is relatively low and rising fast, so there’s room to develop a big beer market. The formula is: economic and population growth, urbanization, and an emerging middle class; all these factors signalled a great potential growth engine for the company.” In January 2015, Heineken opened a brand-new, €110-million brewery at Kilinto, near to Addis Ababa, where it can produce 150 million litres of its portfolio of brands, including local favourites Walia, Bedele, and Harar, as well as its iconic eponymous brew. The plant took the company’s total investment in Ethiopia to €400 million over the last five years, since it bought Bedele and Harar breweries from the government back in 2011. AspartofitsPartnerforGrowth strategy, Heineken is committed €1.3 billion by 2020 —in Amhara, Oromia, Southern Ethiopia, and Tigray— as anchors for development. Expected to attract upto400private-sectorcompanies, and direct foreign investment to activities with growth potential, they are set to strengthen the supply chain, bring farmers closer to markets, and put in place the infrastructure needed to process raw materials in the rural areas where they are produced. The birthplace of coffee Thank goat for coffee. The story goes that, centuries ago, not far from Bonga in the country’s misty highlands, an Ethiopian goatherd was surprised to see his herd perk up after eating the bright red fruit of a shrub he did not recognise. Intrigued, he sampled a couple himselfandtherestishistory.Today, coffee arabica beans are used in around75%oftheworld’scoffeeand more than 15 million Ethiopians depend on them economically. Ethiopia exported €700 million worth of coffee last year, much of it soldontoprivate-sectorcompanies via the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX). Created in 2008, the ECX provides market access and information to millions of smallholders who, otherwise, would find it almost impossible to sell their produce for a fair price. Via an SMS-based service, it sends up-to-date ticker data from 160 to working with its Ethiopian partners to develop its raw barley supply chain, while supporting the nation’s import substitution drive. CREATE, a public-private partnership it signed with the Dutch government and the NGO EUCORD in 2013, aims to help 20,000 local farmers grow barley in a more productive way by 2017. “We partly finance the seeds, and materials needed, and give them to cooperatives,” van Loo explains. “They grow the barley, sellittous,andwemakebeeroutof it. We are changing communities for the better and planting the seeds for sustainability.” Nohidingleather’spotential According to the Central Statistical Agency, there are as many cows, sheep, and goats in Ethiopia as people, providing huge potential not just for meat production, but also leather. But, between 2010-15, the Ethiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA) noted, export earnings fell below the five-year target of €435 million, reaching just €113 million. Under GTP2, the goal is for exports to generate €700 million by 2020, driven by manufacturing to transform raw hides into finished goods. To do so will require investment to improve inputs, strengthen supply chains, and implement technology to add value to leather in Ethiopia before export. Bahirdar Tannery is well ahead of the curve, having evolved from semi-processing to finishing in local markets to over 3.3 million farmers every month, according to its CEO, Ermias Eshetu. Legesse Sherefa is just one of the exporters that stands to benefit from the ECX’s introduction, in November 2015, of electronic traceability for every bag of coffee produced in Ethiopia. Established in 1970, Legesse Sherefa continues to be a family-owned concern and currently markets nine grades washed and unwashed speciality coffees. The company ships 2,000 tonnes of beans a year to the U.S. and European markets – like France, Germany,andItaly,whereitsellsto the world-famous Illy brand – and, increasingly, to the Far East: “We are now focusing on Japan,” says Ahmed Legesse, the company’s General Manager. “We’re also looking at the Chinese market and Korea is booming.” less than two decades. It already sells its high-quality, highland leather and gloves from Sweden to Japan, and is close to getting its products into the US market. The factory will add bags, garments, and other leather goods to its product list soon. “Ethiopia has very famous leather, suitable both for dress and golf gloves,” says Yigzaw Assefa, Bahirdar’s CEO and the Chairman of ELIA,“I’m open to working with any interested investor, especially on the final product, because we can be competitive on production and they can be competitive on the marketing side.” Cut flowers growing fast The Ethiopian cut-flower industry began to bloom just a decade and a half ago, but the nation already ranks as Africa’s second largest producer. Exports, which contribute80%ofincomeearnings from horticulture, are set to reach an estimated €485 million in 2016. Ethiopia has everything it takes to grow high-value varieties, like roses, in spades: a benevolent climate, lots of land, and cost- effective transport from the field to markets. According to the President of the Ethiopian Horticulture Producers and Exporters Association (EHPEA), Zelalem Messele, the sector now employs asmanyas100,000peopledirectly, 85% of whom are women, and provides much needed inflows of foreign currency to shore up Ethiopia’s trade deficit. EHPEA has more than 90 members, 75% of whom are international companies, and represents their collective interests in logistics negotiations and lobbying efforts. The Ethiopian government has enthusiastically supported growth in the industry, via investment incentives like corporate tax exemptions, the elimination of import duties, Leading local and overseas players are transforming Ethiopia’s harvest into finished products Abbahawa Trading Company is another homegrown business with impeccable taste in coffee. Founded in 1958 and run by the thirdgenerationofthesamefamily, it has grown to become Ethiopia’s second largest exporter of coffee today.Thecompanysoldmorethan 11,000 tonnes of its six sun-dried and washed varieties worldwide in 2015, worth €30 million, mostly to Europe and Japan. For the ultimate speciality highland coffee, Abbahawa can even custom roast, grind, and vacuum-pack single-origin Arabica beans to order, for same-day shipping anywhere in the world: “Our coffee is 100% Ethiopian,” points out Fuad Kedir, Abbahawa’s Deputy Managing Director. “The big roasters [use] 60-70% low-quality Robusta and Arabica from Brazil, but they don’t have the real Ethiopian taste.” and preferential financing terms, while state-owned land near Addis Ababa Bole International Airport has been leased at low prices for farms. Leveraging their location, producers have cultivated close relations with the national flag carrier, Ethiopian Airlines, which offers discounted rates for freight on the 15 flights it operates weekly to European and overseas markets. Fairtrade-certified Afriflora has been growing roses on one of the world’s biggest flower farms in Oromia state for over a decade, after its Dutch founders, the Barnhoorn family, were invited by the Ethiopian government to replicate the success of a previous venture in Kenya. Its Sher Farms is a model of sustainable development and social responsibility, impacting as many as 100,000 people in Ethiopia. Thanks to the Sher Foundation, workers and their families enjoy access to a primary school, a hospital, and capacity building programmes. Aflifora made the headlines back in June 2014, when the New York private-equity firm KKR invested €175 million to purchase a stake in the company, which grows more than 700 million flowers a year for export from its 350 hectares of greenhouses. Then, in March 2015, the International Finance Corporation agreed to lend the company €90 million to expand production by 60%, which was expected to create another 4,500 jobs in addition its existing 9,000-strong workforce. Created in 1995 by 25 individuals to promote economicandsocialdevelopment in Amhara National Regional State, TIRET (which means ‘effort’ in Amharic) has grown to become one of the largest holding endowments in Ethiopia, leading the way in setting up new businesses, creating jobs, and attracting investment to benefit the state’s people. TIRET is active today via 17 enterprises established in the last two decades, with another 12 pro- jects in the pipeline, and is organ- isedintofourclusters:agriculture and agro-processing, construc- tion, manufacturing, and servic- es. These include subsidiaries like Azila Electronics, which as- sembles household applicances, and Tana Communications, which assembles mobile and fixed-line telephones and print- ers, through deals with South Korea’s Samsung Electronics. In another of its joint-venture suc- cess stories, TIRET attracted and secured the biggest private-equi- ty investment ever in Ethiopia in 2012, with the UK’s Duet Vasari, in Dashen Breweries. Tadesse Kassa, TIRET’s CEO, recently revealed that the corporate aims to earn €2.5 billion for Amhara National Regional State by 2020, thanks to a strategic expansion plan that will see the launch of another 30 companies over the next seven years. “There is big potential in Amhara,” Kassa insists. “We make a profit to sustain [TIRET] and to continue, but we are development-oriented.” ALLEVIATING POVERTY THROUGH ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
- 13. Ahmed Legesse, GeneralManager of Legesse Sherefa PLC. What are your main products and markets? We have different varieties of coffees, both washed and unwashed. However, with unwashed coffee, we are competing with the Colombians and the Brazilians. By not using fertilizer, Ethiopian coffee is organic and therefore our production levels are much lower than the countries where heavy fertilizers are used. We are therefore concentrating on the specialty and premium markets and are teaching the farmers how to prepare washed and sun-dried coffee which have more added value. Every country says that their coffee is the best, but Ethiopian coffee really is one of the best and everyone knows it. We have to do more marketing efforts for our exports. Now that there is a Ministry of Coffee and Tea Development, that is a step in the right direction. We mainly export to Europe, as well as the US and Middle East markets. We are now focusing on Japan and also looking at the Chinese and Korean markets. Illy is one of our clients and they are one of the best names in the coffee world. They are very serious about quality, but at the same time they are very serious about social responsibility and helping the farmers. How do you use technology to improve your productivity? We once bought a Sortex machine which helped us improve our productivityandquality.However,weweregoingtohavetolayoffstaffand we just couldn’t do it. Although technology is important for productivity, we also have to think about social responsibility. Our hand-picked and hand-separated coffee also gives us an added value. How important is it for buyers to be able to trace their coffee back to the producers? Nowadays it is very important and therefore, the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange launched a traceability system. It’s not easy because the coffee comes from so many areas, and so we need to have a tag system tracing back to the region and the exporter. Where do you see Legesse Sherfa in five years? We will invest and expand to double the project that our company is involved in. Ethiopia is the origin of coffee. Legesse Sherefa Pvt Ltd Company brings you Ethiopian Arabica Fine Coffee from the Highland of Ethiopian Regions. Here the coffee grows wild in the mountains and is part of the economic, social and cultural life. We export washed and unwashed beans from Grade 2 specialty coffee to conventional grades coffee. www.legessesherefa.com Can you give us more information about the main sectors you work in and where you are looking for investors? TIRET is an Endowment founded in 1995. Its main purpose of establishment is to play a significant role in the abolishing of poverty through economic and social development from its own income from investment. TIRET has 17 operational enterprises and 13 projects. The operational enterprises are organized into four clusters – Service, Agriculture and Agro- Processing, Construction and Manufacturing. We work in many different sectors of the Economy. The Agricultural Cluster mainly consists of: • Fruit and Vegetables Production and Processing: Zeleke Agriculture Mechanization, Metema Ginnery. • The Manufacturing Cluster: Dashen Breweries, Gonder Malt, Jari Mineral Water, Walia Crown Cork and Tin, Tekreruwa Plastic and Plastic Products, Tana Communication, Azila Electronics, • Service Cluster: Dry Cargo Transport – Tikur Abay Transport and Bekelcha Transport, Ambasel Trading House – Import and Export, Belessa Logistics, TT Engineering and Consultancy • Construction Cluster: BDC Construction, Lalibela Building Materials Production In manufacturing, we want to make electronics business one of the biggest businesses in this sector in Ethiopia. For textiles we have now started garmenting after which shall be supported by our own textile. We have already established commencing our own cotton ginnery. The chemical industryistangentialtoagro-processing,andwearelookingforinvestorsin this sector. We are also working on pharmaceuticals, metallurgy, molding, construction, ceramics and many other industrial sectors also. Tadesse Kassa, TIRET’s Chief Executive Officer What are your current major projects? We have a paper and pulp project and the cost is estimated to be 500 million USD.Althoughwehavemanagedtogetsomesharesholderslocallywilling toinvestwithus,wearelookingforforeignJointVentureinvestors.Weaim to export to our neighboring countries. The capacity of the Paper and Pulp Projct is 150,000 tons of pulp and 150,000 tons of paper per year. What kind of investors are you looking for? As it is difficult to obtain financing in Ethiopia, we are looking for financial investors as well as partners who can provide us with technology capability. Knowledge transfer and access to international markets are both vital to our development. As an endowment, we are not out to make profit only, but here to create additional value chains and social development. We would like to create win-win and beneficial situation for Ethiopia as a whole and the Amhara Region in particular, as well as every investor in our projects. We are already in successful joint ventures with internationally renowned companies such as Samsung in the technology sector and Duet and Vasari Global in the brewery project amongst others. TIRET is an endowment Ethiopian company with the objective to stimulate economic and social development and eradicate poverty in the Amhara National Regional State in particular and in Ethiopia in general. SYNERGIES FOR GREATER GROWTH
- 14. Unbanked equals unlimitedgrowth Exports key to sustaining growth In the two decades since Ethiopia’s financial sector was liberalised, 16 private commercial banks have opened their doors, joining two state-owned institu- tions —the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) and the DBE— in the fast-growing marketplace. Only one in five of the nation’s 100 million people are thought to hold an account, providing massive scope for the industry to extend its reach. Foreign banks and shareholders are not permitted under Ethiopian law, but, despite depending on domestic funds to finance operations, according to a 2015 report by the World Bank Group, “banks appear well capitalised and profitable.” The National Bank of Ethiopia’s latest data pegged total assets in the system at more than €1.5 billion in Q3 2015, a jump of In its latest assessment this April, Fitch Ratings awarded Ethiopia solid ‘B’s across the board with a stable outlook. But it noted that the current account deficit remains a concern for government planners and policymakers, with international reserves standing at just over two months of payments at the end of 2015. Fitch also warned the birr is overvalued by 30%, adding to the risk of exchange rate adjustment if The National Bank of Ethiopia does not contain depreciation against the dollar. “A country can only grow to that extent it can generate foreign exchange or [improve] its export performance,” concurs Dr Arkebe Oqubay, the architect of Ethiopia’s industrialisation policy. “Light manufacturing is export-oriented and we have to supply the global market, because we need to address constraints in foreign exchange.” Increasing the value and volume of exports will be key to sustaining Ethiopia’s decade-long growth and ensuring the country attains middle-income status by 2025. To do so, the nation not only needs to process more of its production into finished goods that can be sold for higher prices and bigger margins, but also has to develop new productive sectors 16.4% over the previous quarter, with private banks accounting for 48% of the total. At the end of last September, 2,787 branches were operating nationwide, with a third located in the capital. Attending to the needs of Ethiopia’s rural population, the Association of Ethiopian Microfinance Institutions (AEMFI) groups together 34 members, which collectively control a credit portfolio worth almost €850 million, with loans issued to 3.8 million borrowers. Ethiopia’s biggest bank by assets, and by some margin, is still the CBE, which held around 33% of the capital in the financial system in Q3 2015, with assets of to diversify its economic base. A2014reportbytheWorldBank Group, entitled ‘Strengthening Export Perfomance through Improved Competitiveness’, high- lighted how much Ethiopia stands to gain by transforming its raw material riches before sending them overseas. While a kilogram of unprocessed coffee beans sells for about $20, the report pointed out, “a kilo of roasted Ethiopian coffee retails for as much as $40 in international markets.” One of Ethiopia’s top coffee exporters, Abbahawa Trading Company, already roasts its own beans for export, but has now turned to an even more basic commodity to grow its bottom line and boost foreign sales. Last €12.8 billion. Established in 1942, CBE has long been a pioneer – it introduced ATMs to Ethiopia and today has nearly a million cards in circulation – and today serves 11 million account holders, as well as 460,000 mobile and online clients. Following its merger with state- owned Construction and Business Bank last December, CBE now has over 1,100 branches nationwide and employs 22,000 people. At the start of 2016, as part of its five-year plan to mobilise deposits, the bank’s President, Bekalu Zeleke, approved a backlog of applications for letters of credit worth €1.75 billion, triggering a massive flow of cash into the CBE’s coffers. September, it launched ‘One’, a new bottled mineral water, which is being produced by a dedicated subsidiary, Mogle Bottling Water Manufacturing. Mogle is not just putting water into bottles, but manufacturing the packaging and handling distribution from its plant in Sebeta, close to Addis Ababa. Abbahawa has invested €8.25 million in the venture, most of which was spent to build the factory and buy machinery and delivery trucks. By July, it plans to increase production to 700,000 600ml bottles a day, says its General Manager, Enyew Zeleke, adding: “We already started exporting to neighbouring countries like Djibouti.” Led by state-owned giant CBE, the financial sector sets its sights on serving new customers Industrialisation drive should help sell more overseas and boost foreign exchange reserves “By 2025, we will be a world-class commercial bank” Bekalu Zeleke, President, CBE GEORGE SHOE INCREASES FOOTPRINT “If I cannot wear a bad shoe, nobody else should wear a bad shoe.” That, in a nutshell, is the philosophy behind George Shoe Ethiopia, O.K. Kaul, the company’s General Manager explains. Its Ethiopian operation began producing comfortable, quality footwear for export in June 2014, although the group’s origins date back to 1979, when its factory opened in Taiwan. George Shoe invested close to €8 million to set up its first two factories in Addis Ababa’s Bole Lemi Industrial Zone, which make 3,000 pairs of shoes a day for export to China, Japan, and the United States. The firm posted revenues of €3.3 million in 2015 and, last August, announced plans to set up a new industrial park on 86 hectares in Mojo to expand capacity. Slated for completion by 2018, the new factories are expected to cost more than €100 million. They will enable George Shoe to ramp up production and process 450,000 square metres of leather to make 750,000 pairs of shoes every month as well as other leather articles, providing work for 20,000 people. “We have to expand to face international competition when the financial sector opens,” Zeleke, who is also the Director of ECX, explains. “Our merger... was a good example for the private sector. By 2025, [we] will be a world-class commercial bank. We are working on being one of the best banks in the world, not just in Africa.” In an interview earlier this year, AddisuHabba,thePresidentofboth the Ethiopian Bankers’ Association and privately-owned Debub Global Bank, agreed the Ethiopian finan- cial sector still had a long way to go to be internationally competitive, insisting that increased capitalisa- tion and consolidation would be needed in the next few years. Ethiopian Airlines carries cargo to over 90 destinations worldwide.Tem rehenimagnim rem verorpo rporem im fugiam sitiumque optatur ab inum que FLOWERS LEADING THE WAY FOR HORTICULTURE EXPORTSMOBILISING BANKING Ethiopia’s flower trade is blooming. The nation now ranks second in Africa after Kenya, with over 100 farms flourishing on 1,700 hectares of land. While floriculture may be the fastest growing segment, it is far from the only crop Ethiopia grows for export. Within five In a perfect example of how ICT brings the world together, M-Birr, Ethiopia’s first mobile money service, was co-initiated by a Frenchman in Ireland. Thierry Artaud is the COO of MOSS ICT and General Manager of its Ethiopian operation, which provides the years, according to the Ethiopian Horticulture Producer Exporters Association (EHPEA), the total area under cultivation for flowers, plants, fruit, herbs, and vegetables should reach3,000hectares. EHPEAwasset up in 2002 by five farms that joined forces to lobby the government to develop infrastructure and logistics technology to connect the country’s top five micro-finance institutions — ADSCI, ASCI, DECSI, OCSSCO, and OMO— to the 80% of local people who are currently unbanked, but, thanks to M-Birr, can now manage many of their financial needs via mobile phone. “Obviously, the basic service is you of its member companies to foster industry partnerships, enhance market access, promote responsi- ble production, and build capacity: “We have our own training team that works with the management of farms to earn quality certifica- tions that the market requires,” Messele says. networks, improve access to finance, and introduce export-oriented incentives. Less than a decade and a halflater,ithascloseto100members that grow all kinds of produce for export to overseas markets, principally to the European Union. Led by Chairman Zalelem Messele, EHPEA works on behalf can pay and get paid,” Artaud says. “Youcantransferandreceivemoney from anywhere in the country, and very soon from abroad.” Users can also pay for goods and services, withdraw cash at TOTAL service stations, and handle bills and loans, he adds: “Mobile banking brings tremendous benefits.” Floriculture production has grown exponentially in recent years, mostly for European markets, and Ethiopia looks set to overtake Kenya as Africa’s top exporterInnovative mobile money service connects micro-finance leaders to consumers, allowing them to pay bills and receive cash even where banks do not go
- 15. The success inthe first five-year Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP) was clear for the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia. How are you going to build on this success in the second GTP? The main success of GTP I was to create access to finance, especially in rural areas. Our economy is dependent on the agricultural sector and the farmers previously had no access to finance. Over the last five years we have opened on average 150 branches each year in rural areas. Because of this aggressive approach, our deposits have grown very quickly; on average 35% annually. This means we now have the capacity to finance different projects especially in manufacturing, agriculture and the export sector. Our main target in GTP II is the private sector. We have already invested in infrastructure and as a consequence the private sector has been able to grow . We are therefore now going to focus on the manufacturing and agricultural sectors. How can the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia help attract FDI to Ethiopia and what incentives are investors offered? The private sector enjoys incentives such as the provision of loans at low interest rates - almost a concessional interest rate. We are working with big FDIs such as the textile industries. As we are a governmental bank, we provide foreign currency at a concessional rate for imported raw materials. Profitability is not our main focus rather we are here to help investors boost their productivity. How is the lower oil price and the remittance inflow helping you to get further earnings in the foreign currency gap? There is a foreign currency gap in our country because our inflow is less than our outflow. The main reason has been that large investments have been made as a result of the GTP I, but they still haven’t reached production stage. We expect a lot of projects to start production during the next GTP and so our inflow will increase. We will try to focus our foreign currency on critical products such as raw materials for factories instead of finished materials such as luxury goods. We will also finance the export sectors, which reduce demand for foreign currency and increase our foreign currency earnings. In GTP II, we expect our exports to grow at a rate of more than 25 percent and our imports at over 16 percent. Therefore, the gap will be narrowing down further over the coming five years, although there will still exist a gap. How do you see the growth of the agribusiness sector and the unbanked population, especially in rural areas? Over the past few years our agricultural sector has grown very quickly and for the last five we have gained 1.2 million new customers every year. We have opened branches in rural areas so they are accessible to those involved in the agribusiness sector. We have tried to teach farmers about the benefits of deposits and credits and so now they come and use our services. We also provide loans for seeds and fertilizers to increase their productivity. How is investment in technology helping you grow your international banking services? We invest a great deal in IT and we now have a core banking system. Our IT systems are the same as any international bank anywhere in the world. We have a long and close relationship with all the big international and cross-border banks, and we have large credit limits with them. During the last five years we have invested a great deal in IT, but our main challenge is human resources. We have been collaborating with the Frankfurt School of Finance on this area. We are also working closely with the universities and we have also developed our own training institutions, such as our Centre of Excellence. Where would you like to see the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia in five to 10 years? In 2025 we want our bank to be a world-class commercial bank, not just in Africa but at an international level. Ato Bekalu Zeleke, President of the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia “Over the last five years we have opened an average of 150 branches per year in rural areas.” www.combanketh.etWe accept Visa and MasterCard at our ATMs and POS CBE’s Mobile Banking: • Access your bank account • Transfer funds • Make payments • Check balance
- 16. There’s gold inthem thar hills While the whereabouts of King Solomon’s mines may forever be a mystery, the Queen of Sheba probably sourced her fabled hoard of gold from northern Ethiopia, if the 2012 discovery of an ancient mineshaft on Gheralta plateau did, indeed, belong to the biblical ruler. Today, a modern gold (and potash) rush is underway, with foreign investment flooding in and multinational mining firms staking their claims over the last few years. The government has done its part to incentivise investment in the sector, cutting royalties on gold from 8% to 7%, reduced income tax from 35% to 25%, introducing two new types of licence, and launching a computerised cadastre system to register concessions, among other measures. Aside from gold and potash, Ethiopia also possesses reserves of copper, platinum and tantalum, which is increasingly in demand for use in transistors, as well as minerals like cement, clay, gypsum, salt, and shale. According to a 2014 World Bank report, the nation’s mining sector could be worth between €1.3 and €1.75 billion by 2024, although a number of challenges still need to be resolved for the country to fulfil its potential. At present, 90% of mining activity remains artisanal and small-scale, but by the end of GTP2 in 2020, the country aims to have five major gold mines in operation and have commenced commercial production of potash from the massive 100-million-ton Danakil deposit in Afar state. As Tolesa Shagi, Ethiopia’s Minister of Mines, Petroleum and Natural Gas, confirms: “Ethiopia’s metals and minerals are untapped and unexplored. There are huge resources we’re discovering now.” For now, the only operating gold mine in the country is Lega Dembi, in southern Ethiopia’s Sidamo province, which was bought by Midroc Gold, a subsidiary of the privately-owned Midroc Ethiopian Investment Group, from the state in 1997 for $172 million (€151 million, at current exchange rates). Production began in 1998 and now stands at 4,500 tonnes of silver and gold a year. Midroc Gold also started developing a second mine in Sakaro,neartoLegaDembi,in2010. In January 2012, National Mining Corporation, also part of the Midroc Group, announced the biggest find yet of gold and base metals in Ethiopia at Dawa Okote in Oromia state, containing up to 500 tonnes. Ethiopia’s own Ezana Mining Development launched a €15.6 million refinery project in northern Tigray state in 2013. And at the beginning of 2016, US giant Newmont Mining Corporation revealed its interest in exploring in thecountry,ontwoconcessionsalso in Tigray state. ButCyprus-basedKEFIMinerals is betting on being next to extract gold commercially, when its Tulu Kapi project in Western Ethiopian enters production in 2017. With probable ore reserves in excess of 28 tonnes, Tulu Kapi is projected to havealifetimeofnineyearsandwill require investment of some €130 million. KEFI also intends to build a processing plant with the capacity to handle 1.2 million tonnes of material a year. The only rival that could beat KEFI past the post is ASCOM Precious Metals (APM), a subsidiary of Egypt’s Qalaa Holdings. Active in Ethiopia since 2008, APM holds the rights to two concessions: Asosa, in the western part of the country, and Awero Godere, in the southwest. Qalaa Abundant metal and mineral riches fuel exploration rush for homegrown and overseas miners expects to invest more than €35 million by the time it applies for a mining licence at Dish Mountain in Asosa, after the release of a promising maiden resource statement in 2014 that revealed the presence of 48 tonnes of gold. Since then, says Omar El- Alfy, Vice President of Qalaa Holdings, APM has been hard at work, drilling to de-risk the project and producing feasibility, environmental and social impact studies to move to the production phase: “Our exploration licence expires in 2017 and we’re well on track to apply for a mining licence within that timeframe,” El-Alfy explains, “We are extremely determined about getting to development and are looking forward to growing this business. This is just the first stepping stone. Once we start producing, it will grow very aggressively [and] quickly.” El-Alfy says that APM’s investment in Ethiopia will likely exceed €175 million, once it has added the cost of a processing facility to its pre-production budget, but that its impact is not justeconomic:“Thesocialbenefits are ample,” he insists, “like the jobs it’s going to create, [as well as] improved education, improved infrastructure that comes as the industry develops.” Lega Dembi gold mine. Kenya South Sudan Yemen Rwanda Burundi ETHIOPIA North Sudan KenyaKenyaKenya Sudan YemenYemenYemen ETHIOPIA North Sudan Djibouti Ethiopian Electric Power Tel: +251-11 558 05 29 [email protected] www.eep.gov.et EXPORTING CLEAN AND GREEN ENERGY TO THE REGION Proudly leading the renewable energy revolution in Ethiopia and East Africa, ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER (EEP) is seeking international partners to take advantage of the country’s hydro, wind, geothermal and solar power opportunities. Under the ambitious national transformation plan currently being undertaken, and the existence of conducive governmental energy policy and a stable economic and political environment, EEP is targeting international investment and financing for projects that will boost national and regional energy capacity. Blessed with wonderful natural resources that make it an ideal destination for investors seeking profitable openings in green energies, Ethiopia boasts vast potential in areas such as hydroelectric, biomass, solar, geothermal and wind energies, with detailed feasibility studies already concluded. EEP desires international financial and human capital — from private and public sector entities — to maximize these exciting openings that will further fuel the superior transformation of the country, add capacity to the national grid and allow Ethiopia to expand its export of green and clean energy. Last September, the inaugural edition of the Ethiopia Inter- national Mining Conference Exhibition brought together 300 public- and private-sector stake- holders in Addis Ababa. Tolesa Shagi, the Minister of Mines, Pe- troleum and Natural Gas was on hand to talk about mining’s po- tential impact on the country’s for- tunes and the government’s support for the industry. Although gold generates almost 19% of Ethiopia’s export income, mining still represents only a small shareoftheeconomy.Butthatshould change drastically over the next dec- ade, as the sector is expected to ac- EXTRACTING GREATER VALUE FROM ETHIOPIA’S MINING POTENTIAL The rally in gold prices since the beginning of 2016 has provided sig- nificant cause for optimism in the industry’s prospects. At the end of April, two new companies joined the fray, with Letto Mining and Lozbez Mining signing deals with the Ministry to dig for placer and primarygoldandsilver. count for 10% of GDP by 2025, thanks to a comprehensive set of measures introduced to stimulate capital in- vestment: “We hope to increase em- ployment, government revenue, and foreign-currencyearnings,”Minister Shagi says. “There will be a radical rise [that] will contribute to our so- cial and economic transformation.” Ministry responsible for sector aims to bolster revenues, export earnings, and foreign exchange reserves, as rising gold prices attract new players
- 17. As a mining/explorationcompany, how would you value the ease of doing business in Ethiopia? We’ve been overwhelmed by the support that the Ministry of Mines has given us throughout our little over eight years of exploration. The good thing is that Ethiopia is open, dynamic and fully aware that there is always room for improvement. The Ministry actively works with all stakeholders to resolve any issues that arise, and I think that is key to achieving everyone’s ultimate goals. We have been very comfortable with our business here in Ethiopia, and are looking forward to growing it significantly in the future. What have been the main advantages and challenges of mining in Ethiopia? As I mentioned earlier, the main attraction would have to be the geology and prospectivity together with probably one of the most attractive mining regimes in the region and an extremely supportive governmental framework. Infrastructure, such as road access, power and water, is obviously key for mining and this is a challenge that Ethiopia is facing, although they’re working very hard to resolve these issues. The challenge is also in finding the necessary skill sets and support networks our industry requires locally, however over the years and as the local mining industry has been growing, we have seen great improvements in this also with more and more companies and service providers entering this space. How does AME create jobs for Ethiopians? We currently have 54 full time employees based in both Addis and Asosa. 96% of them are Ethiopian nationals. Typically once we initiate a new drill program we will employ and train additional people from the surrounding villages in order to support the drilling effort. Everyone needs to be aware that the mining industry has a lot to offer and has to take responsibility in the social and environmental impact of the area. People often forget about the indirect employment that is created from the mining industry; a number of case studies have indicated that for every direct mining job, 14 indirect jobs are created, and as time goes on that figure increases whilst local entrepreneurship is boosted. The social benefitsareampleandoncewestartproductionwewillcontinuetoensure that the surrounding villages and its people are positively impacted. Omar El-Alfy, Principal of Qalaa Holdings “We have been very comfortable with our business here in Ethiopia, and are looking forward to growing it in the future.” What motivated Ascom to come to Ethiopia without any proven reserves having been discovered? West Africa has been heavily explored but East Africa and the Arabian- Nubian shield (ANS) specifically, into which countries such as Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia fall, has been extremely under explored, even though the ANS was the site of some of man’s earliest geological efforts with regard to the extraction of gold. We felt there was a lot of potential within this region, just as much, if not more than West Africa. This was the key driver, coupled with the fact that Ethiopia has a very competitive and attractive mining regime, huge growth prospects for the country and a very intriguing demographic. The government’s commitment to increase infrastructure spending also convinced us to come here. Ascom Mining Ethiopia (AME) have reported in their initial Mineral Resource Estimate, one of the largest resources in the country at your Asosa-DishMountainConcession.Areyoustillontargetforproduction? It typically takes between 10 to 15 years to bring a grass root exploration discovery to production. One in a thousand exploration plays are successful and we were lucky enough to beat the odds and make a discovery. We have been actively exploring in Ethiopia now for a little over 8 years and are very close to applying for our mining license. In Ethiopia you are given a 10-year exploration license, after which you need to convert it into a mining license. In order to complete this process, a company must complete all the relevant Feasibility Studies together with an environmental and social impact study. Naturally we have been working diligently on this matter. Our exploration license expires in May 2017, however we are well on track to apply for a mining license within that time-frame. What are your objectives at the moment? Our prime objective currently is to complete all necessary works required to be in apposition to apply for our Mining License early next year. Our intention is to initially bring a moderate reserve to development that is robust enough to withstand the current gold price whilst offering attractive returns for its shareholders. Once Dish has been developed and is producing we intend to use some of the cash flow that will be generated to expand our Dish Mountain concession through further exploration. We believe there is a lot of upside potential within our immediate concession area and surrounding region which we intend to tap into once we start producing. Our aim will be to aggressively grow the business over the next three to five years following production. How challenging was it to obtain finance? I would be lying if I said that it hasn’t been an extremely difficult period for global markets and the industry in general and more specifically, for junior explorers. Equities have been hit hard and exploration dollars have been increasingly hard to come by. We however have been fairly lucky in the sense that we have not relied on equity markets for our funding, rather all our funding to date has been provided by our parent company ASCOM and its main shareholder Qalaa Holdings who have supported the project throughout the volatile markets that we have witnessed over the last few years with their own internal cash flow. That’s not to say however that it’s been easy for us. Exploration is very expensive and so far we have already spent close to 40 million dollars, with this number expected to rise significantly once we move into development. Investing in Ethiopia’s Future With over 80,000 meters of trenching and drilling and a further drill program in the pipeline, APM ETHIOPIA looks forward taking its Dish Mountain Project to the next level and applying for its mining license in early 2017. www.ascompm.com
- 18. YOUR RELIABLE PARTNER OneNatural Mineral Water is purified bottled water that started to be produced in 2015. The brand aims at achieving the utmost quality level in the production of its bottled products keeping the natural contents in the bottled spring water. Derived from the original source of Mogle Mountain, One Natural Purified Water is produced at its 13,000 square meters of factory in Sebeta region, Ethiopia. Our products are manufactured with the highest quality as we use the latest machinery in water purification technology along with highly qualified experts. One Spring Water aims at delivering its organic products to satisfy the demand in the local market and export to different countries. Abbahawa Trading PLC www.abbahawa.com “The airline is owned by the government but run by airline experts.” Tewolde GebreMariam, Chief Executive Officer of Ethiopian Airlines Group Ethiopian Airlines is the largest, fastest growing and most profitable airline in Africa. Tell us about your ambitious plans of expansion detailed in Vision 2025. Ethiopian Airlines has been around for 70 years, but it has grown very quickly indeed over the past 10 years. We came up with Vision 2025 in 2010. By that time we were expecting the 787 Dreamliner and the Airbus A350 to take the airline to the next level. We knew that the aircrafts’ design, manufacturing and financing were going to take a while so we decided to implement a 15-year long-term plan. Many industry experts had their doubts about the viability and feasibility of 15 year-long plan, because the airline industry is volatile, dynamic and constantly in evolution. However, we still decided to go ahead with this ambitious Vision 2025 as we believed in having a solid forecast and confidence in our market planning. Our plan is to grow the airline from 1.3 billion USD annual turnover to 10 billion USD by 2025 and have a total of 150 airplanes in service with seven different business units. The idea was to transform the airline into an aviation group. There are four pillars of Vision 2025, the first of which is to increase our fleet, whilst maintaining a balance between diversity and commonality. The second is to increase our infrastructure such as building our own cargo terminal, which when finished, will rival the capacity of Hong Kong or Amsterdam Schiphol airports. We also have an expansion plan for the passenger terminal which will accommodate 22 million passengers a year up from the current eight million today. After 2025 a new airport is planned which will be at a lower altitude to save on fuel costs. The third pillar is Human Resource Development which is why we have expanded our aviation academy. With our new fleet, infrastructure and employees, we need a new system to put them together which contains policies, procedures and global standard processes and ICT. The airline is highly automated in every aspect and is even now paperless. Vision 2025 began in 2010 and in just five years, we can say that Vision 2025 is a reality. Not only have we met our targets, but we have exceeded them. The airline has doubled and our current revenue is 2.5 billion USD. We now have more than 76 planes in service, and although our original aim was to reach 90 international destinations by 2025, we are already flying to 91 by 2015. You like to underline that the airline is state-owned not state-run. Can you explain this statement? The airline is owned by the government, but it is run by professional airline experts. It is operated exactly like a private business, and it has helpedcontributetothedouble-digitgrowthinEthiopiaandtheimageof renewal and renaissance that Ethiopia has experienced. Ownership and management roles are clearly demarcated in the corporate governance. We believe in self-sufficiency. Our airline academy is almost as old as the airline itself. We need an academy because unlike in Europe and the US it is difficult to find airline professionals in Africa. Furthermore, sending airplanes to Europe for maintenance is very expensive and impractical. We needed our own capability development and that is why we want our own trained qualified, motivated and dedicated people. We believe that human resources should be an asset, not only for the airline, but also for the continent. Ethiopia has a population of 90 million with a young, educated demographic. The academy is huge and so we also export trained labour to other countries. How does Ethiopian Airlines help in social and economic change? We are an airline from a third world country, but we are succeeding on the global stage and competing with the mega carriers. The airline significantly contributes to tourism by facilitating visitors from its 91 destinations. In terms of economic development, Ethiopia’s horticultural industry wouldn’t have been able to be as successful as it has been without the airline and furthermore we earn foreign currency for the country. We can show other state-owned companies in Ethiopia and Africa that they can emulate Ethiopian Airlines and have international success if they do the right things.
- 19. Ethio telecom European QualityAward Winner of 2015 Winner of African Telecom Leadership Award 2015 in Four Categories: Best Operator of the Year CEO of the Year CEO with HR Orientation Global Sustainability Award Www.ethiotelecom.et Welcome to where it all began Book now to avoid disappoint- ment. After Ethiopia was named ‘World’s Best Tourism Destination’ last July by the European Council on Tourism and Trade, a growing flow of visitors has been flooding into the country, determined to see its UNESCO World Heritage listed sites, experi- ence its centuries-old culture, and get off the proverbial track before it gets too beaten. The 2014/15 fiscal year was already a good one for the Ethiopian tourism industry, which posted earnings of €2.6 billion, according to government and World Bank figures, contributing 4.5% of GDP. At the start of April 2016, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism —led by Aisha Mohamed Mussa, one of two women in Prime Minister Desalegn’s cabinet — revealed that receipts for the first six months of this year had surpassed €1.5 billion, putting the country on course for a record 12 months. Some 470,000 visitors arrived in Ethiopia in the second half of 2015, the Ministry said, well over half the 750,000 the country has received annually in recent years. The average tourist stayed for 16 days and spent $234 (€208) per day. Last August, the government announced its goal to reach 2.5 million arrivals by 2020 and ramp up revenues to €3.1 billion, more than East African peers like Kenya and Tanzania. The capital, Addis Ababa, is a destination worth dedicating time to discover, even if you’re here on business. Aptly called the Political Capital of Africa – it is home to the African Union Commission, the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), and the regional offices of the UNDP and UNESCO – it is Africa’s fourth largest city and a true melting pot, home to an estimated 4.5 million people, and counting. Despite welcoming frequent diplomatic delegations, Ethiopia’s MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions) segment remains underdeveloped. That now looks set to change as, this March, Addis Ababa hosted the inaugural MICE East Africa Forum and Expo and the city is leveraging its first-class facilities – like ECA Conference Center; Bole International, undergoing expansion to become Africa’s biggest airport by 2018; and excellent hotels – to attract more business traffic. Originally opened by Emperor HaileSelassiein1969,HiltonAddis Ababa is located conveniently close to the African Union and ECA, and just 15 minutes from the airport, but seems a world away from the hustle and bustle of the city, thanks to its 15 acres of sub- tropical gardens, geo-thermal pool, and health club. With six bars and restaurants serving a variety of cuisines, guests in its 372 rooms and suites are spoiled for choice. The Hilton serves as a perfect base to explore the capital. Highlights include the National Museum, home to Lucy, the ‘grandmother of humanity’, who Millions of years of human history and millennia of culture combine in one unique destination Hewn from rock, the cave Church of St George in Lalibela, Amhara region. walkedEthiopia’sAwashValley3.2 million years ago; the Ethnological Museum, among Africa’s best, according to Lonely Planet; and Holy Trinity Cathedral; or dive into Mercato, possibly Africa’s biggest market, in search of a bargain for your birr. The rest of Ethiopia is a bewitch- ing, sometimes bewildering, mix of sights, scents, and sensations that transport you out of time to a place where past, present, and fu- ture are inextricably intertwined. Its nine World Heritage Sites – one natural, Simien Mountains National Park, and eight cultur- al: the ancient ruins of Aksum, Emperors’ palace at Fasil Ghebbi, mosques and shrines of Harar Jugol, fortified Konso cultural landscape, stone churches of holy Lalibela, millennial stelae at Tiya, and the archaeological remains of the Lower Valleys of the Awash and the Omo – are just the start of what could be the trip of a lifetime. The gardens of the Hilton Addis Ababa.